Identification of various laccases induced by anthracene and contribution to its degradation in a Mediterranean coastal pine litter

Mediterranean coastal ecosystems are known to be highly subject to natural and anthropic environmental stress. In this study, we examine the effects of anthracene as a common pollutant on the total microbial communities from a Pinus halepensis litter of a typical Mediterranean coastal site (Les Calanques, Marseille). The main objective was to identify the microbial factors leading the resilience of this ecosystem. Two questions were addressed: (i) how lignin-degrading enzymes (Laccase, Lignin-peroxidase and Mn-peroxidase) are affected by the presence of this molecule, (ii) whether the indigenous consortia are involved in its degradation in mesocosms under favorable incubation conditions (25 °C, 60% WHC) and after different time intervals (1 and 3 month(s)). We found a strong increase in laccase production in the presence of anthracene after 3 months, together with anthracene degradation (28% ± 5). Moreover 9,10-anthraquinone is detected as the product of anthracene oxidation after 3 months. However neither lignin-peroxidase activity nor Mn-peroxidase activity is detected. Laccase proteins directly extracted from litter were sequenced via Nano-LC-MS/MS and reveal twelve different peptide sequences induced by the presence of anthracene in the mesocoms. Our study confirms the major detoxification role of this enzymatic system and highlights the high degradation potential of fungal species inhabiting P. halepensis litter, a factor in the resilience of Mediterranean ecosystems.     

Geographical Agglomeration of Chinese Manufacturing Industries

Based on the plant level data from the First National Census of Basic Units, the Second National Census of Basic Units, and the First National Economic Census of China, this paper ex- amines the geographical agglomeration of Chinese manufacturing industries at a more disaggregated level both by industrial classi-fication and spatial unit analysis. Applying the agglomeration index proposed by Maurel and Sedillot, studies show that the most agglomerated industries are resource-intensive, and capital and technology intensive while industries demanding localized inputs or serving localized markets or favored by local governments are fairly dispersed. The more disaggregated industries are more spa- tially agglomerated. At the finer spatial scale, industries are more dispersed. Results indicate that within-county spillovers are stronger than nearby-county spillovers, and within-prefecture spillovers are stronger than nearby prefecture spillovers. Local- ized spillovers are still quite substantial at a range beyond that of counties. Comparing the agglomeration index of Chinese manu- facturing industries in 1996, 2001 and 2004, agglomeration seems to be a general tendency. Results also indicate that some industries have experienced remarkable changes in their levels of agglom- eration in the period 1996–2004.     

水和正已烷中痕量四氯联苯光降解研究

多氯联苯(PC_Bs)已成为全球性污染物,在人类生存的各种环境因素中,包括空气、水体、土壤、生物体,甚至远离大陆的海洋中已都发现PC_Bs的存在.自从发现PC_Bs能吸收190—240nm和280—310nm紫外光以来,人们推断PC_Bs吸收阳光中的紫外线后的光降解可能是从环境中除去PC_Bs的一种有效途径.因此对PC_Bs的光降解.     

多次相平衡/液上色谱法的原理与实验--水中挥发烃及其分配常数的测定

介绍了一次、二次及多次相平衡/液上色谱法测定水中有机挥发烃及其气液分配常数的理论关系式。给出分配常数倒数与定量分析误差存在线性关系;研究了温度、离子强度等因素对分配常数的影响。     

气质联机法分析水中N,N-二甲基苯胺方法的研究

随着社会经济的发展,人们环境意识的提高,水中有机污染越来越受人们关注,目前国家尚没有N,N-二甲基苯胺的标准分析方法,但在工作中时常能遇到N,N-二甲基苯胺的监测分析.通过对采用气质联机法分析水中N,N-二甲基苯胺的方法的研究,希望能为国内环保监测工作提供一定的经验与技术.     

ICP-MS法测定饮用水中金属元素

利用ICP-MS法对饮用水中的多种元素进行全定量分析,结果表明,ICP-MS法可同时测定饮用水中的多种元素;快速,一个样品仅需3～5 分钟;灵敏度和准确度高;精密度好,相对标准偏差一般小于3%;检出限低,达到ng/L-ug/L级;线性范围宽,达到8～9 个数量级.     

GC/MS检测某市自来水深度处理工艺对有机物的去除效果

以某江水为原水，研究某市自来水深度处理工艺和常规处理工艺对有机污染物的去除效果，用GC／MS分析仪对水样进行了分析，结果表明：原水中有机物53种，陶粒滤池对有机物总量(峰面积)的去除率为83％，有效威小了后续单元的负担，O3／GAC单元对有机物总量的去除率为53．4％，深度处理工艺对有机物总量的去除率为95％；常规处理工艺对有机物总量的去除率为86％。     

纳滤膜对有机物的截留机理研究

选用美国ＴｒｉＳｅｐ公司ＴＳ８０纳滤膜，在操作压力０．７ＭＰａ下考察了纳滤膜对有机物的截留机理，ＴＳ８０纳滤膜平均去除率为９０．３％，根据色谱质谱联机分析结果可知．ＴＳ８０纳滤膜能使色谱质谱峰丰度降低５０％左右，其对有机物的去除是由有机物的结构特征（如分子量、极性）与有机物问膜问的相互作用关系共同决定的。     

衍生化气相色谱法定性分析污染事故样中的绿麦隆

采用衍生化气相色谱法定性分析污染事故土壤样和废渣样中的绿麦隆 ,发现其色谱图均与绿麦隆标准样品的色谱图一致 ,从而证实废渣和土壤中均含有绿麦隆成份 ,为管理部门调查处理提供了依据     

毛细管柱顶空气相色谱法测定水中氯代苯研究

大口径毛细管柱顶空气相色谱测定水中氯苯类的方法 ,具有简便、快速、干扰少、灵敏度高等特点。 0 .2 5mL顶空气体进样 ,二氯苯和三氯苯的检出限为 0 .0 1～ 0 .1 μg/L ,灵敏度高于萃取法 40～ 1 0 0倍 ,更有利于地表水中氯苯类有机物的测定。