江苏省土地承载力研究

本文以江苏省土地资源可承载的人口规模和经济规模为出发点,从可支撑的经济规模的三产业总和,即理论需求的农用地能够支撑的农业增加值,在满足理论农用地需求面积前提下区域可开发利用的最大工业用地支撑的工业增加值,以及建筑业和第三产业的经济规模,对江苏省土地承载力进行了研究,以为城市规划和发展提供依据。     

广东省工业“三废”的环境库兹涅茨曲线实证分析

通过选取1997年-2007年广东省经济发展主要指标和环境污染物排放量的统计数据,运用SPSS等软件,分析了广东省人均GDP与工业“三废”排放量之间的相关关系,构建了三次非线性环境经济计量模型。研究结果表明：广东省工业“三废”的排放特征较符合传统的环境库兹涅茨曲线;广东省的经济与环境污染仍呈上升趋势,近10年的产业结构调整产生了明显的环境经济效益。     

I_eGTX方程与I_eGT_e方程:我国经济增长过程中SO_2和COD排放分析

通过在IGT方程中引入废物排放率(X),建立了定量分析经济增长与废物排放量之间关系的IeGTX方程与IeGTe方程,并分别给出对应于IeGTX方程与IeGTe方程的废物排放率年下降率的临界值(xk)和单位GDP废物排放量年下降率的临界值(tek);运用IeGTX方程与IeGTe方程分别对工业部门及全国的SO2和COD的排放量(港、澳、台除外)进行了分析.结果表明:2000—2006年工业SO2和COD排放率基本上逐步降低,1997—2008年单位GDP的SO2和COD排放量分别降低了61.72%和71.89%.     

上海市用水量与经济发展的关系研究

选取上海市1998～2006年的用水量、经济数据,通过人均GDP与人均用水量之间的关系,探索上海市用水量与经济发展是否存在环境库兹涅茨曲线关系,剖析上海市经济增长与用水量的演变规律,结果表明：上海市经济增长与用水量之间不符合一般的环境库兹涅茨曲线特征,重新建立了曲线模型,通过模型计量分析,人均总用水量,人均农业用水量,人均生活用水量与人均GDP曲线均为“U＋倒U”形,而人均工业用水量人均GDP曲线为“倒U＋U”形,为合理开发上海市水资源提供较为科学严谨的依据。     

湖北省主要工业污染物排放的环境库兹涅茨特征研究

根据湖北省1999-2009年环境统计数据和经济数据,选取工业废水、废气、固体废物等6项主要环境指标,构建湖北省经济发展与环境污染水平关系的动态计量模型,从而对湖北省污染物排放的库兹涅茨曲线特征(Environmental Kuznets Curve,EKC)进行分析。研究结果表明,工业废水和工业固体废物EKC呈倒"N"型特征,排放量总体呈下降趋势;工业废气EKC则为直线分布关系,排放量呈逐步增大的趋势,而且没有出现拐点,表明经济产业结构是影响工业废气排放量的主要因素。可为湖北省生态环境与经济的协调发展提供一定的决策依据。     

基于指标体系和层次分析法的洱海流域水环境承载力动态研究

为了定量分析人口增长、经济发展、资源短缺和环境污染等因素对流域水环境的综合影响,根据水环境承载力概念模型并结合洱海流域水环境现状,建立了水环境承载力多目标优化模型.同时,选取人口、灌溉面积、国民生产总值(GDP)、化学需氧量(COD)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)作为水资源和水质量承载力指标,并运用层次分析法(AHP)确...     

Three decades of changes in water environment of a large freshwater Lake and its relationship with socio-economic indicators

Tai Lake (Ch: Taihu) has attracted international attention forcyanobacteria blooms. However, the drivers of cultural eutrophication, especially long-term socio-economic indicators have been little researched. The results of research demonstrate how socio-economic development affected quality of water and how it has been improved by anthropogenic activities. This study described variability in indicators of water quality in Tai Lakeand investigated thedrivers. Significant relationships existed between concentrations of annual mean total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD), and population, per capital gross domestic production (GDP) and sewage discharge (p?<?0.05). However, mechanisms causing change varied among TN, TP, COD and BOD. Before 2000, the main contributors to increases in concentrations of TN were human population, GDP and volumes of domestic sewage discharges. After 2000, discharges of industrial sewage become the primary contributor. After 1998, the regressions of annual mean TN, TP and COD on per capital GDP, population and domestic sewage discharge were reversed compared to the former period. Since 1999, an apparent inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental pollution and economic development has developed, which indicated that actions taken by governments have markedly improved quality of water in Tai Lake. The statistical relationship between BOD and per capital GDP didn’t conform to the Kuznet curve. The U-shaped Kuznet curve may offer hope for the future that with significant environmental investments a high GDP can be reached and maintained without degradation of the environment, especially through appropriate management of industrial sewage discharge.     

A suggestion for Korean resource productivity management policy with calculating and analyzing its national resource productivity

In this study, we suggested a criterion of Korean resource productivity calculation method including its range which is not generalized yet and analyzed its level by reviewing the resource productivity management policies and study trends of the major advanced countries. The material flow indexes that are widely used in major advanced countries, such as the domestic material consumption (DMC), were used to establish the resource productivity calculation method with estimation the domestic resource productivity during 2000–2010. As of 2010, the DMC was 590 million ton, GDP was 1 trillion dollars and DMC-based resource productivity was 1.75 thousand US dollars/ton, which was continuously increased during last ten years with 8.0%, 50.0%, and 38.9%, respectively. This increase tendency was not because of DMC reduction through resource management but because of just large GDP increase. The results of the comparison with other countries indicated that Korea had the lower resource productivity level and also the lower increasing rate than major advanced countries such as the UK and Japan, and required an efficient resource management plan for improvement. Therefore, we finally suggested a Korean resource productivity policy direction to construct its sustainable system for its improvement.