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11.
Assessing protected area effectiveness using surrounding (buffer) areas environmentally similar to the target area 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Mas JF 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2005,105(1-3):69-80
Many studies are based on the assumption that an area and its surrounding (buffer) area present similar environmental conditions and can be compared. For example, in order to assess the effectiveness of a protected area, the land use/cover changes are compared inside the park with its surroundings. However, the heterogeneity in spatial variables can bias this assessment: we have shown that most of the protected areas in Mexico present significant environmental differences between their interior and their surroundings. Therefore, a comparison that aims at assessing the effectiveness of conservation strategies, must be cautioned. In this paper, a simple method which allows the generation of a buffer area that presents similar conditions with respect to a set of environmental variables is presented. The method was used in order to assess the effectiveness of the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, a protected area located in the south-eastern part of Mexico. The annual rate of deforestation inside the protected area, the standard buffer area (based upon distance from the protected area only) and the similar buffer area (taking into account distance along with some environmental variables) were 0.3, 1.3 and 0.6%, respectively. These results showed that the protected area was effective in preventing land clearing, but that the comparison with the standard buffer area gave an over-optimistic vision of its effectiveness. 相似文献
12.
Osowski SL Swick JD Carney GR Pena HB Danielson JE Parrish DA 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2001,66(2):159-185
Swine Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) have received much attention in recent years. As a result, a watershed-based screening tool, the Cumulative Risk Index Analysis (CRIA), was developed to assess the cumulative impacts of multiple CAFO facilities in a watershedsubunit. The CRIA formula calculates an index number based on: 1) the area of one or more facilities compared to the area of the watershed subunit, 2) the average of the environmental vulnerability criteria, and 3) the average of the industry-specific impact criteria. Each vulnerability or impact criterion is ranked on a 1 to 5 scale, with a low rank indicating low environmental vulnerability or impact and a high rank indicating high environmental vulnerability or impact. The individual criterion ranks, as well as the total CRIA score, can be used to focus the environmental analysis and facilitate discussions with industry, public, and other stakeholders in the Agency decision-making process. 相似文献
13.
Land use change is an important topic in the field of global environmental change and sustainable development. Land use change
modeling has attracted substantial attention because it helps researchers understand the mechanisms of land use change and
assists regulatory bodies in formulating relevant policies. Maotiao River Basin is located in the province of Guizhou, China,
which has a developed agricultural industry in the karst mountain areas. This paper selected biophysical and social–economic
factors as independent variables, and constructed a multiple logistic regression of farmland spatial distribution probability
by random sampling. Then, by using GIS technology and integrating the 2000 data, this study predicted the farmland spatial
pattern. When the predicted map was compared with the actual farmland map for 2000, we noted that 71% of the simulation is
in accordance with the 2000 farmland pattern. The result satisfactorily proves the reasonability and applicability of our
model. 相似文献
14.
在介绍伊犁地区矿泉水资源与形成的水文地质条件的基础上,分析了矿泉水的化学组成及其特征,并给出了水化学类型。 相似文献
15.
16.
司志远 《环境监测管理与技术》1995,7(4):13-17
综述了预富集技术在无机痕量分析中的应用,概述了国内外最新进展,介绍了主要技术及方法的特点,大量文献表明预富集技术用于痕量分析取得满意的效果,降低了检测限,提高了灵敏度。 相似文献
17.
我国海洋环境污染监测质量保证的回顾与展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
我国海洋环境污染监测质量保证的发展历史可大致分为三个阶段:孕育阶段(1972~1977年)起步阶段(1978~1983年)和发展阶段(1984~)。各个阶段有不同的特色和侧重点,1978年前主要探索与污染物质的分析方法,1984年后是监测质量保证工作进入管理时期。 相似文献
18.
分光光度法测定染色废水的色度 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为消除测定染色废水色度的主观误差,采用分光光度法测定染色废水的色度,与稀释倍数法相比,具有精确,重现性好,适用范围广等特点,PH值对色度的测定有明显影响,控制PH值为7.60,测定色度具有可比性。 相似文献
19.
朱斌 《环境监测管理与技术》1995,7(5):15-16
连续5天腹腔注射同一剂量(1/5LD50)的合成洗涤剂,取小鼠骨髓细胞测定嗜多染色红细胞的微核率,研究表明,3种合成洗涤剂(加大香洗衣粉,洁牌餐具洗涤剂,恩威高级餐具洗洁精)使小鼠微核率有所增高,但恩威,洁牌餐具洗涤剂与对照无显著性差异。 相似文献
20.
Assessing land use impacts on flood processes in complex terrain by using GIS and modeling approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y. B. Liu F. De Smedt L. Hoffmann L. Pfister 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2005,9(4):227-235
A distributed hydrologic modeling and GIS approach is applied for the assessment of land use impact in the Steinsel sub-basin, Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg. The assessment focuses on the runoff contributions from different land use classes and the potential impact of land use changes on runoff generation. The results show that the direct runoff from urban areas is dominant for a flood event compared with runoff from other land use areas in this catchment, and tends to increase for small floods and for the dry season floods, whereas the interflow from forested, pasture and agricultural field areas contributes to the recession flow. Significant variations in flood volume, peak discharge, time to the peak, etc., are found from the model simulation based on the three hypothetical land use change scenarios. 相似文献