La1-x Cex Cuy Mn1-yO3／HZSM-5催化剂低温去除柴油机碳烟和NOx

为实现对柴油机碳烟和NOx的低温同步去除,采用柠檬酸络合法制备分子筛负载钙钛矿型金属复合氧化物催化剂,应用x衍射分析仪（XRD）和电镜扫描仪（SEM）对催化剂性能进行表征,并在微型固定床反应器中对催化剂低温去除碳烟和NOx进行活性评价。利用程序升温反应（TPR）技术,进行催化剂活性评价、柴油机负荷和排放等特性实验。结果表明,A位用适量Ce部分取代La,B位用适量cu部分取代Mn,可使碳颗粒燃烧温度降低,CO2选择性好,NOx转化率升高。La0.4 Ce0.6 Cu0.2 Mn0.8O3／HZSM-5催化剂的最大NOx转化率为81．0％,Ti、Tm和Tf分别为250、350和475℃,表明该催化剂具有较好的催化活性,能在低温条件下去除碳烟和NOx。     

Analysis of methanol and organometallic MnO2 fuels as alternative fuels in a diesel engine

In this study, methanol and organometallic MnO₂ fuels were used to improve the properties of diesel fuel. In addition, the effect of methanol fuel on engine oil and a piston ring was also examined experimentally in a four-cylinder, direct injection diesel engine running at 200 bar. Three different diesel fuels were prepared by adding 5, 10 and 15% methanol to diesel fuel. In order to prevent phase separation, 1% dodecanol was added to the mixture. Organometallic compounds of manganese were synthesised to prepare the solutions. The most effective amount and performance of anti-freeze were determined. From the results, it was observed that carbon monoxide emissions decreased and NOx emissions increased with the increase in the amount of methanol. On the other hand, organometallic MnO₂ increased the cetane number and decreased the freezing point, viscosity and flame temperature.     

柴油发电机房噪声治理的优化设计及应用

目前柴油发电机房噪声的设计与治理方法没有形成固定的模式,为了解决这个问题,文章以某柴油发电机房噪声治理为例,对该噪声控制进行理论探讨、设计计算和技术优化。以此为据完成了工程,取得了良好的处理效果。并为柴油发电机房噪声控制提供了一种可供参考的方法。     

双排气管车辆排气取样检测研究

双排气管汽油车进行尾气检测时,环保监管部门的监管要求与环保尾气检测机构的实际操作常存在分歧。对于双排气管汽油车究竟插入几个取样探头测试,才能准确、科学地检测出尾气中的含量浓度,从而对尾气检测结果做出公正准确的判断,从检测标准要求、比对实验方法验证、排气管构造图解析3个方面对该问题进行了讨论。     

Emission and Performance Characteristics of a 2 Litre Toyota Diesel Van Operating on Esterified Waste Cooking Oil and Mineral Diesel Fuel

Exhaust emission and performance characteristics were evaluated in a Toyota van, powered by a 21 indirect injection (IDI) naturally aspirated diesel engine, operating on vegetable based waste cooking oil methyl ester (WCOME).Tests were performed on a chassis dynamometer and the data were compared with previous results conducted on the same vehicle using mineral diesel fuel. The data obtained includes smoke opacity, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), oxygen (O₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), nitric oxide (NO), sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and brake power. Engine lubricating oil samples were also taken. Results from this study indicated a difference of approximately 9% in brake power between the two fuels. WCOME developed a significant lower smoke opacity level and reduced CO, CO₂, SO₂ emissions. However, O₂, NO₂ and NO levels were higher with the vegetable oil based fuel. Power values were comparable for both fuels. Lubricating oil analysis gave little change of viscosity and wear metal concentrations after 2887km were: Silicon 35ppm, Chromium 3.3ppm, Iron 33.8ppm, Copper 14.1ppm and lead 78.6ppm.     

怠速工况下汽车使用乙醇汽油排放污染物的变化

对怠速工况下使用乙醇汽油汽车尾气中污染物进行了检测.结果表明,使用乙醇汽油后,汽车尾气中CO和HC浓度明显降低,平均下降率为56.9%和38.2%;NOx平均下降率为15.0%;CO2浓度平均增长率为5.04%;苯系物浓度明显降低,平均下降率在45.5%～53.1%;醛类的浓度增加明显,平均增长率在47.8%～293%;丙酮、丁酮的浓度增加,分别为16.6%和25.3%.     

发动机厂生产车间色彩配置对安全的影响剖析

随着工业的飞速发展,在现代化工厂建设中,建立较完善的劳动条件不仅取决于生产技术、卫生条件和建筑设计等多方面措施,厂房内部及设备合理的色彩修饰也起着重要的作用。科学技术的高度发展使技术与艺术相结合已成为必然趋势,设计具体车间的色彩配置立足减轻劳动强度,改善工作环境,提供科学管理车间的可能性出发,充分运用了美学、人体工程学原理及艺术造型的方法,使其在实用功能、人机关系和视觉心理上达到了充分协调。本文简要论述了发动机厂生产车间内色彩的选择与搭配的原则,同时为规范发动机厂生产车间色彩管理工作,确保车间的统一性、协调性和特殊性,运用色彩的属性对车间内饰及设备设施进行了配置,建立良好的生产秩序,创造良好的工作环境,减少疲劳,提高生产的安全性、经济性及生产率。     

铝质发动机罩的行人碰撞保护研究

应用HyperMesh建立发动机罩和行人头部的有限元模型,利用LS-DYNA有限元分析软件研究人的头部与钢质、铝质发动机罩相撞时的动态响应问题,并经试验验证。对头模撞击铝质发动机罩与钢质发动机罩作了比较,得出铝质发动机罩对行人头部具有更好保护效果的结论。对铝质发动机罩内、外板的厚度进行改进设计,得到综合轻量化、刚度及安全性3方面的要求都比较好的设计方案。最后对铝质发动机罩的内板结构进行拓扑优化设计,得到了在保证刚度的前提下减重效果最好、具有优异的行人碰撞保护性能的铝质发动机罩结构。     

浅谈大功率柴油机余热发电

介绍了中山柴油机发电厂余热发电技改项目,并分析论述了利用大功率柴油机排烟余热发电的优点.在油价高企的背景下,实施余热发电是节能环保的有效措施之一.     

城市消防车辆装备布局评估

从城市建筑对于消防车辆装备需求的角度出发，以基于城市建筑的消防车辆装备布局合理性为依据，提出了一套城市消防车辆装备布局评估方法。通过相关实例应用可看出，该布局评估方法科学、实用，为消防车辆的优化配置和城市消防车辆装备布局合理规划提供了论证基础。