抚仙湖水环境地理信息系统的设计

以抚仙湖水环境地理信息系统为例,论述了GIS技术在水环境保护方面的具体应用,着重对系统的总体设计、系统的功能模块、系统的数据库设计以及系统建立的技术策略进行了详细的描述与论证。说明了利用GIS技术对湖泊环境管理工作带来的巨大便利。系统的建立对保护抚仙湖湖区环境,促进沿湖周边县市乃至整个云南省的经济发展都具有重要的现实意义。     

基于ArcView GIS实现环境治理的热链接

研究地理信息系统(GIS)技术在环境综合治理中的应用,基于ArcViewGIS探讨实现GIS热链接的方法,通过Avenue语言编写程序进行ArcView的二次开发,同时建立文本、图像热链接,克服系统只能实现单一对象热连接的不便.建立环境治理区城图像数据库、基础信息数据库,应用地理信息系统技术实现环境治理工程规划设计、检查验收的可视化.通过ArcViewGIS的热链接功能提供准确的、可视化的环境综合治理依据.     

基于PEMS技术的交叉口尾气排放特性分析

利用车载尾气检测设备(PEMS)OEM-2100收集了在交叉口和路段上的实时尾气排放数据,利用GIS和相应二次开发工具构造了排放数据的分析平台,提出了交叉口尾气排放的空间分析方法,并对所收集的数据进行了对比分析。在此基础上,得到了交叉口处车辆各转向下的不同排放物的排放特征,计算了交叉口各转向相对于路段的排放系数,并对PEMS技术交叉口尾气排放进行了探讨。     

GIS在城市生活垃圾回收方案规划研究中的应用——以重庆市主城区为例

以重庆市主城区中的三个区为例,演示了GIS在城市生活垃圾回收方案规划研究中的应用:利用GIS的分类、计算和重叠功能,模拟各垃圾回收方案的运行,预测运行结果;利用GIS的可视化功能,将回收行为的空间分布以形象直观的地图形式表现出来,能为管理部门决策制定规划方案和管理措施提供有力的支持与依据。     

基于"3S"和GSM技术的近海溢油监测应用系统研究

介绍了Visual Basic6．0将“3S”和GSM有机集成中的关键技术以及系统实现的溢油面积、溢油量的计算,接收定位,溢油定位连续动态显示,信息查询,联机之间、控制中心与应急单位互相预警等功能。该系统不但为溢油应急提供指导,同时也为溢油事故的仲裁和索赔提供科学依据。     

喻家湖水质时空分布特征和影响因子分析

通过设计合理的水质监测网,采用多元统计分析,并结合地理信息技术对武汉市喻家湖在2011年-2012年期间12个监测点、13个水质参数监测值进行水质时空分布特征研究.结果表明,喻家湖13个水质指标概括为4个主成分:第一主成分代表喻家湖的重金属污染,第二主成分代表其富营养化水平,第三主成分代表有机污染程度,第四主成分间接指示富营养化程度;在时间和空间变化上都可分为二组,显著性指标的时空差异较明显,水质污染程度从南至北逐渐减弱,湖溪河是喻家湖的最主要污染源.并对水质参数,监测点位和频次进行了优化.     

Using environmental stressor information to predict the ecological status of Maryland non-tidal streams as measured by biological indicators

In Maryland, U.S., an interim framework has recentlybeen developed for using biologically based thresholds, or `biocriteria', to assess the health of nontidal streams statewide at watershed scales. The evaluation of impairment is based on indices of biological integrity from the Maryland Biological Stream Survey (MBSS). We applied logistic regression to quantify how the biotic integrity of streams at a local scale is affected by cumulative effects resulting from catchment land uses, point sources, and nearby transmission line rights-of-way. Indicators for land use were developed from the remote sensing National Land Cover Data and applied at different scales. We determined that the risk of local impairment in nontidal streams rapidly increases with increased urban land use in the catchment area. The average likelihood of failing biocriteria doubled with every 10% points increment in urban land, thus an increase in urban land use from 0 to 20% quadruples the risk of impairment. For the basins evaluated in this study, catchments with more than 40–50% urban land use had greater than 80% probability of failing biocriteria, on average. Inclusion of rights-of-way and point sources in the model did not significantly improve the fit for this data set, most likely because of their low numbers. The overall results indicate that our predictive modeling approach can help pinpoint stream ecosystems experiencing or vulnerable to degradation.     

Sharing the geo-Referenced Results of Climate Change Impact Research

The Prairie Adaptation Research Collaborative (PARC) has implemented an Internet Map Server (IMS) at the PARC web site (www.parc.ca) to 1) disseminate the geo-referenced results of PARC sponsored research on climate change impacts and adaptation, and 2) address data, information and knowledge management within the PARC network of researchers and partners. PARC facilitates interdisciplinary research on adaptation to the impacts of climate change in the Canadian Prairie Provinces. The web site is intended as a platform for sharing information and encouraging discussion of climate change impacts and adaptation. The IMS enables scientists and stakeholders to apply simple climate change scenarios to geo-referenced biophysical and social data, and dynamically create maps that display the geographic distribution of potential impacts of climate change. With a limited capacity for spatial analysis, most geo-processing and the climate impact modeling is done offline within a GIS environment. The IMS will serve the output from climate impact models, such that the model results can be customized by the web site user and be most readily applied to the planning and analysis of adaptation strategies.     

新疆生态环境质量综合评价研究

合适的评价指标体系对正确评价区域的生态环境质量起关键的决定性作用。本文综合前人的研究成果，应用RS和GIS技术，采用综合指数评价法，对全疆区域的生态环境质量进行评价、排序及分级，由此得出符合实际的全疆生态环境质量状况。结果表明，全疆生态环境质量总体较差，北疆生态环境质量优于南疆，北疆西部生态环境质量优于北疆东部地区。     

Service transformation—managing a shift from business travel to virtual meetings

It has been shown that the potential for environmental, and financial improvements through the increased substitution of in-person meetings by virtual communication is considerable. However, it has also been shown that this potential is not automatically realized by investing in the technology that can enable virtual meetings. This paper describes two case studies that explored the factors that influenced communication and meeting behavior. A number of drivers and barriers for virtual meetings are identified, and, in addition, measures are proposed to improve the utilization of virtual tools for business communication.