西藏自治区措勤县德能铜多金属矿床地质特征及成因分析

通过对西藏自治区措勤县德能铜多金属矿的研究发现,矿区内共6条达到工业品位的铜矿体,并伴生有铅、锌、金、银等多种有益组分,成矿地质条件较好。矿体主要赋存于燕山期石英闪长玢岩岩体外接触带及构造破碎带中,其中Cu4矿体规模最大,经深部钻孔工程及地表槽探验证,矿体品位和厚度沿走向和倾向变化系数较小。燕山晚期第一阶段第一次石英闪长玢岩侵入体是主要成矿物质来源,后期北西西向断裂构造是主要导矿和容矿构造。     

利用铜矿尾砂研制低强度可控性填料

利用铜矿尾砂、粉煤灰、水泥以及加气剂等,混合搅拌成泥浆体,振动成型,制备出低强度可控性填料(CLSM).试验表明:以水泥12.9％、铜矿尾砂(细集料)22.6％、加气剂3.2％、粉煤灰12.9％等工业废弃物,加水48.4％,固液比控制在(14～15):(15～16)之间,制得的CLSM制品,抗压强度0.35～2.00 ...     

新疆香山铜镍矿区热液作用性质及其成矿潜力研究

香山铜镍矿床位于东天山土墩-黄山-图拉尔根铜镍矿带中部,具有较好的铜、镍资源前景。矿区内热液作用发育,出现大量蚀变矿物、含金属硫化物的石英/方解石脉状矿石贯穿基性岩石。通过对蚀变矿物特征、石英/方解石中流体包裹体、金属硫化物成分等研究,探讨热液作用性质及其成矿意义。研究表明,岩石蚀变矿物主要为蛇纹石(两个世代)、纤闪石、绿泥石和黑云母等,说明热液流体具有多阶段特征,含有一定量的卤素挥发分;矿石蚀变矿物主要为针镍矿、紫硫镍矿、红砷镍矿、辉砷钴矿等,说明热液流体的硫逸度逐渐增高;脉状矿石中,石英/方解石中以富液相流体包裹体为主,其大小为4~12μm,气液比5~15%之间,均一温度峰值为200~240℃,表明热液流体具有中高温性质。在对比邻区热液矿床流体包裹体特征和硫同位素组成的基础上,认为香山铜镍矿区内热液作用可能为与含铜镍拉斑玄武质岩浆相关的中高温热液事件,它具有富集Pt、Ag和Au的潜力。     

陕西老厂铅锌矿床成矿流体特征及其地质意义

陕西老厂铅锌矿床是一个与海相火山岩有关的块状硫化物矿床。老厂铅锌矿床石英流体包裹体的均一温度为93.3~396.5℃,平均值为235.9℃;盐度为0.4~22.5wt%NaCl,平均值为9.9wt%NaCl。原生流体包裹体均一温度测定结果表明其具有近似正态分布的特点;石英流体包裹体的盐度表明,其不成正态分布,且盐度较低。老厂矿床δDV-SMOW‰和δ18 OH2O‰的组成关系反映了其成矿流体为混合热液来源。     

硫化矿物中无机盐及重金属离子溶出的影响因素探讨

基于浸泡试验,在不同的时间、温度、酸碱度、固液比等条件下研究硫化矿物中无机盐和重金属离子的溶出反应,得到影响该溶出反应的重要因素,为实际矿业生产过程中硫化矿物的堆放和处理提供了理论依据.     

云南白秧坪铜银矿床Cu、Ag迁移形式探讨

在野外地质研究的基础上,采用地球化学热力学方法研究了Cu、Ag的迁移形式。研究结果表明,铜在热液中主要以CuCl42-、Cu(H2O)42+、Cu(S2O3)46-、CuS46-、Cu(HS)42-、Cu(SbS3)410-形式迁移;银在热液中主要以AgCl2-、Ag(S2O3)23-、Ag(HS)2-、AgS23-、Ag(SbS3)25-形式迁移。铜银矿床是在含矿热液物理化学条件发生改变的情况下铜银化合物发生解析作用而成。     

山谷型干灰场内雨水环保设计思路

针对燃煤发电厂贮灰场内雨水容易被灰渣污染的特点,以南方某电厂灰场为例,介绍了山谷型干灰场内雨水处理的环保设计思路。     

Environmental assessment of mercury dispersion, transformation and bioavailability in the Lake Victoria Goldfields, Tanzania

Environmental dispersion and transformation of mercury discharged from gold mining operations has been investigated in field and laboratory studies in order to provide better understanding of the degree of mercury (Hg) pollution and bioavailability in the Lake Victoria goldfields (LVGF) ecosystems. This paper reviews results already published elsewhere and presents additional data on Hg dynamics in the LVGF. Studies conducted at the Mugusu and Rwamagaza artisanal mines indicated different degrees of Hg contamination and dispersion in environmental matrices. Mercury concentration in contaminated river sediments near the Mugusu mine varied from 6.0 to 0.5 mg/kg on a dry weight basis. The highest Hg contamination levels (165-232 mg/kg) were associated with mine tailings at the Rwamagaza mine. Mercury concentrations in fish representing different dietary habits on the southwestern shore of Lake Victoria at the Nungwe Bay were very low (2-35 microg/kg) and thought to represent background levels. These and other results suggested that the use of Hg in gold extraction in the LVGF has not caused high Hg levels in lake fish. The study of Hg in lichens showed Parmelia lichen to be an effective bioindicator for atmospheric Hg contamination due to Hg emissions from gold-amalgam firing and purification operations. The Hg levels in the lichens around the Mugusu mine ranged from 3.1 to 0.1 microg/g; the highest levels were recorded in the lichens sampled close to gold-amalgam processing sites. The regional background level in the Parmelia lichen was 0.05-0.10 microg/g, with a mean level of 0.07 microg/g. Studies of Hg transformation in the mine tailings revealed unexpectedly high methylmercury (MeHg) levels in the tailings (629-710 ng/g), which indicated that oxidation and methylation of metallic Hg in the tailings occurred at significant levels under tropical conditions. Re-equilibration of the tailings with freshwater (FW) indicated the MeHg was firmly bound in the tailings and therefore very little MeHg was released to the water column (0.2-1.5 ng/L). The methylation of Hg in tropical loamy clay soil contaminated with HgCl(2) (5 mg Hg/kg) yielded MeHg concentrations of 11 and 14 ng/g when inundated with seawater and FW, respectively, for 4 weeks. Little MeHg was transferred from the soil to the equilibrated water (< or = 0.4 ng/L). Atmospheric exposure of the soil pre-inundated with FW resulted in net degradation of MeHg during the 1st week of exposure, followed by net production and accumulation of MeHg in the soil (up to 15.5 ng/g) during atmospheric desiccation. Mercury uptake by fish from the Hg(0)-contaminated aquatic sediment-tailings system in the aquarium experiment was found to be low, suggesting the low availability of MeHg for bioaccumulation in the system. These and other results provide useful insights into Hg transformation, mobility and bioavailability in tropical aquatic systems affected by Hg pollution from gold mining operations.     

脱硫灰与钾矿石复合生产钾钙硅镁硫肥料研究

对脱硫灰与钾矿石复合生产钾钙硅镁硫肥的研究意义、反应原理、生产流程、环境安全性能以及施肥方法等进行了介绍和评估,并对其应用前景进行了展望。研究结果表明:利用脱硫灰与钾矿石复合生产钾钙硅镁硫肥在理论上可行;生产出的产品中硫酸钾的含量达10.34%～12.0%,枸溶氧化钙19.06%～32.28%,枸溶二氧化硅10.98%～14.46%,枸溶氧化镁1.46%～1.82%。产品的pH值从原脱硫灰的10.65下降到9.60。重金属含量低于农用粉煤灰国家标准,生产过程中不会产生SO2等有害气体污染。肥料的生产成本低于350元/t,该肥料不但可以增加土壤中钾、钙、硅、镁和硫等中微量元素的含量,而且可以提高或改善农作物的产量和品质。达到变废为宝,促进循环经济发展之目的。     

Virtual phosphorus ore requirement of Japanese economy

Phosphorus is indispensable for agricultural production. Hence, the consumption of imported food indirectly implies the import of phosphorus resources. The global consumption of agricultural products depends on a small number of ore-producing countries. For sustainable management of phosphorus resources, the global supply and demand network should be clarified. In this study, we propose the virtual phosphorus ore requirement as a new indicator of the direct and indirect phosphorus requirements for our society. The virtual phosphorus ore requirement indicates the direct and indirect demands for phosphorus ore transformed into agricultural products and fertilizer. In this study, the virtual phosphorus ore requirement was evaluated for the Japanese economy in 2005. Importantly, the results show that our society requires twice as much phosphorus ore as the domestic demand for fertilizer production. The phosphorus contained in “eaten” agricultural products was only 12% of virtual phosphorus ore requirement.