全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1033篇 |
免费 | 77篇 |
国内免费 | 100篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 66篇 |
废物处理 | 31篇 |
环保管理 | 218篇 |
综合类 | 469篇 |
基础理论 | 185篇 |
环境理论 | 7篇 |
污染及防治 | 106篇 |
评价与监测 | 25篇 |
社会与环境 | 95篇 |
灾害及防治 | 8篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 18篇 |
2022年 | 23篇 |
2021年 | 38篇 |
2020年 | 36篇 |
2019年 | 37篇 |
2018年 | 30篇 |
2017年 | 37篇 |
2016年 | 62篇 |
2015年 | 47篇 |
2014年 | 48篇 |
2013年 | 80篇 |
2012年 | 71篇 |
2011年 | 89篇 |
2010年 | 56篇 |
2009年 | 63篇 |
2008年 | 42篇 |
2007年 | 54篇 |
2006年 | 61篇 |
2005年 | 44篇 |
2004年 | 43篇 |
2003年 | 45篇 |
2002年 | 35篇 |
2001年 | 31篇 |
2000年 | 32篇 |
1999年 | 22篇 |
1998年 | 17篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1210条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
32.
Nugraha E. Suyatma Alain Copinet Lan Tighzert Veronique Coma 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2004,12(1):1-6
Biodegradable film blends of chitosan with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were prepared by solution mixing and film casting. The main goal of these blends is to improve the water vapor barrier of chitosan by blending it with a hydrophobic biodegradable polymer from renewable resources. Mechanical properties of obtained films were assessed by tensile test. Thermal properties, water barrier properties, and water sensitivity were studied by differential scanning calorimeter analysis, water vapor permeability measurements, and surface-angle contact tests, respectively. The incorporation of PLA to chitosan improved the water barrier properties and decreased the water sensitivity of chitosan film. However, the tensile strength and elastic modulus of chitosan decreased with the addition of PLA. Mechanical and thermal properties revealed that chitosan and PLA blends are incompatible, consistent with the results of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis that showed the absence of specific interaction between chitosan and PLA. 相似文献
33.
34.
关于机械设备的绿色与安全设计的思考 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
胡斌梁 《中国安全科学学报》2005,15(2):41-44
笔者根据国内外的现状提出了机械设备的绿色与安全设计的新思路。绿色与安全设计新方法 ,可以使设计出来的机械设备既安全又符合人类可持续发展的要求。该方法主要应用力学、数学、机械设计理论、安全评定、环境科学、信息技术及可靠性分析等方面的知识 ,完善机械设备的安全评价、安全设计 ;应用机械设计理论、环境科学等知识进一步完善机械设备的绿色设计 ;分析和研究机械设备的设计与制造、运输、运行等环节的关系及其对环境的影响 ;研究机械设备报废后的回收问题 ;将机械设备的安全设计与绿色设计有机地结合起来整合为一种全新的设计方法——绿色与安全设计方法。 相似文献
35.
Ana Novoa Johannes J. Le Roux David M. Richardson John R.U. Wilson 《Conservation biology》2017,31(5):1066-1075
Ornamental horticulture has been identified as an important threat to plant biodiversity and is a major pathway for plant invasions worldwide. In this context, the family Cactaceae is particularly challenging because it is considered the fifth most threatened large taxonomic group in the world; several species are among the most widespread and damaging invasive species; and Cactaceae is one of the most popular horticultural plant groups. Based on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna and the 11 largest online auction sites selling cacti, we documented the international cactus trade. To provide an in‐depth look at the dynamics of the industry, we surveyed the businesses involved in the cactus trade in South Africa (a hotspot of cactus trade and invasions). We purchased seeds of every available species and used DNA barcoding to identify species to the genus level. Although <20% of this trade involved threatened species and <3% involved known invasive species, many species were identified by a common name. However, only 0.02% of the globally traded cacti were collected from wild populations. Despite a large commercial network, all South African imports (of which 15% and 1.5% were of species listed as threatened and invasive, respectively) came from the same source. With DNA barcoding, we identified 24% of the species to genus level. Based on our results, we believe that if trade restrictions are placed on the small proportion of cacti that are invasive and there is no major increase in harvesting of native populations, then the commercial trade in cactus poses a negligible environmental threat. However, there are currently no effective methods for easily identifying which cacti are traded, and both the illicit harvesting of cacti from the wild and the informal trade in invasive taxa pose on‐going conservation challenges. 相似文献
36.
International trade in exotic pets is an important and increasing driver of biodiversity loss and often compromises the standards required for good animal welfare. We systematically reviewed the scientific and gray literature and used the United Nations Environment Programme ‐ World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP‐WCMC) Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) trade database to establish temporal and geographical trade patterns of live exotic birds, mammals, and reptiles and to describe trends in research, taxonomic representation, and level of threat and legal protection of species traded. Birds were the most species‐rich and abundant class reported in trade; reptiles were second most abundant but unusually the most studied in this context; and mammals were least abundant in trade. Mammalian and reptilian species traded as pets were more likely to be threatened than expected by random. There have been a substantial number of Appendix I listed captive‐bred mammals and birds and wild‐caught birds and reptiles reported in trade to CITES. We identified the Middle East's emerging role as a driver of demand for exotic pets of all taxa alongside the well‐established and increasing role of South America and Southeast Asia in the market. Europe, North America, and the Middle East featured most heavily in trade reports to CITES, whereas trade involving South America and Southeast Asia were given most emphasis in the literature. For effective monitoring of and appropriate response to the international exotic pet trade, it is imperative that the reliability and detail of CITES trade reports improve and that scientific research be directed toward those taxa and locations that are most vulnerable. El Mercado Global de Mascotas Exóticas 2006‐2012 相似文献
37.
Rosaleen Duffy Freya A. V. St John Bram Büscher Dan Brockington 《Conservation biology》2016,30(1):14-22
Conservation organizations have increasingly raised concerns about escalating rates of illegal hunting and trade in wildlife. Previous studies have concluded that people hunt illegally because they are financially poor or lack alternative livelihood strategies. However, there has been little attempt to develop a richer understanding of the motivations behind contemporary illegal wildlife hunting. As a first step, we reviewed the academic and policy literatures on poaching and illegal wildlife use and considered the meanings of poverty and the relative importance of structure and individual agency. We placed motivations for illegal wildlife hunting within the context of the complex history of how wildlife laws were initially designed and enforced to indicate how hunting practices by specific communities were criminalized. We also considered the nature of poverty and the reasons for economic deprivation in particular communities to indicate how particular understandings of poverty as material deprivation ultimately shape approaches to illegal wildlife hunting. We found there is a need for a much better understanding of what poverty is and what motivates people to hunt illegally. 相似文献
38.
‘Bringing the state back in’ to research on comparative, inter-, and trans-national environmental politics and policy will contribute to better understanding of the limits and prospects of contemporary approaches to environmental politics and the overall evolution of contemporary states once environmental issues become central. The rationale for the state as an analytical perspective in environmental policy and politics is explained, and an empirically oriented concept of the environmental state is introduced, along with a tentative sketch of its evolution in historical perspective. A research agenda on the environmental state is mapped out, centring around variation and convergence in environmental states across space and time; the political/economic dynamics of contemporary environmental states; and inter-linkages among environmental problems, the constitution of political communities, and the functioning of the public power. In conclusion, the ways in which the contributions to this volume address that research agenda are introduced. 相似文献
39.
Lara A. Roman Tenley M. Conway Theodore S. Eisenman Andrew K. Koeser Camilo Ordez Barona Dexter H. Locke G. Darrel Jenerette Johan
stberg Jess Vogt 《Ambio》2021,50(3):615
The provision of ecosystem services is a prominent rationale for urban greening, and there is a prevailing mantra that ‘trees are good’. However, understanding how urban trees contribute to sustainability must also consider disservices. In this perspective article, we discuss recent research on ecosystem disservices of urban trees, including infrastructure conflicts, health and safety impacts, aesthetic issues, and environmentally detrimental consequences, as well as management costs related to ecological disturbances and risk management. We also discuss tradeoffs regarding species selection and local conservation concerns, as well as the central role of human perception in the interpretation of ecosystem services and disservices, particularly the uncritical assertion that ‘everybody loves trees’. Urban forestry decision-making that fails to account for disservices can have unintended negative consequences for communities. Further research is needed regarding life cycle assessments, stakeholder decision-making, return-on-investment, and framings of services and disservices in urban forestry. 相似文献
40.
研究了UV/H2O2/草酸高铁铵体系下孔雀绿(Malachite green,MG)光降解过程中的影响因素,包括MG的初始浓度、初始pH值、投加H2O2浓度和草酸高铁铵浓度等。结果表明:MG初始浓度越低光降解越快,碱性条件有利于MG的降解,其最佳降解pH为11.0;随H2O2浓度的增加,MG降解率先增加后减少,在100mmol/L时,降解率最高;MG降解率随草酸高铁铵浓度增加而增加,于10.0mmol/L时MG降解率最高;UV/H2O2/草酸高铁铵体系的降解效果较强,交叉实验结果表明H2O2:草酸高铁铵浓度比在1~20:1时降解率均高于。因此该体系具有快速、简单、经济并高效率等特点,可应用于染料废水的降解和脱色工艺中。 相似文献