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221.
Injecting CO2 into oil reservoirs could improve recovery and facilitate the storage of CO2. For developing countries, especially China, coupling enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and CO2 storage becomes an economical and environmentally safe method. Daqing Oilfield is the biggest oilfield in China. It has been operational for 50 years, and has faced many EOR challenges. In this study, a CO2 storage and EOR evaluation method is introduced to calculate the CO2 storage potential in the Daqing Oilfield. The stream tube simulation method and the mixed cell mesh method are adopted to determine the storage coefficient, recovery factor, and MMP (minimum miscible pressure). The evaluation results of the Daqing Oilfield show that most of the oilfields in Daqing can carry out CO2 immiscible flooding. For EOR effects, the CO2 miscible flooding can improve oil recovery by about 9%. The average CO2 storage factors are 0.4 for miscible flooding while the immiscible flooding is 0.28; miscible flooding has better CO2 storage capacity and EOR potential. The results show that injecting CO2 into the reservoirs in Daqing Oilfield is a win‐win technology. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 相似文献
222.
This work aimed at assessing the influence of different exposure systems to perform the commonly used OECD 201 freshwater algal growth inhibition test in the context of nanoparticles hazard assessment. Two distinct TiO2 nanoparticles were considered and three different exposure systems were investigated: Erlenmeyers flasks and 24-well microplates (both using an orbital shake system), and an alternative system using cylindrical vials and magnetic stirring. All three systems are in accordance with the OECD 201 test guideline recommendations. We concluded that the exposure systems applied to achieve the test can substantially affect the ecotoxicological results and the subsequent calculated ECx. The selected systems influenced both the interaction between algal cells and TiO2 nanoparticles as well as the growth inhibition recorded. Disparities in ecotoxicity relative to the TiO2 nanoparticles tested were also observed and are finally discussed. 相似文献
223.
As bioenergy production expands and new bioenergy-based technologies emerge, there is a growing concern regarding the sustainability of their ecological and socioeconomic impacts. Comprehensive sustainability assessments are needed to address this concern and to assure that the development of the bioenergy industry meets sustainability goals. Most sustainability assessments for bioenergy are expert-driven, broad, and largely motivated by an interest in optimizing international trade in bioenergy. As a result, social and cultural sustainability targets are vague or underdeveloped. In this study, we developed a sustainability assessment for a regional bioenergy production industry in Upper Michigan, using stakeholder participation. Semi-structured interviews and focus group meetings were used to elicit participants’ concerns and opinion. These concerns were translated into sustainability Criteria and Indicators (C&Is), many of which could be supported with available science. Some of the C&Is identified by participants were unique to the region. Sustainability C&Is were broadly categorized into economic (C = 5; I = 22), environmental (C = 6; I = 12), social (C = 3; I = 9), policy and regulations (C = 3; I = 13), and institutional capacity (C = 4; I = 13). While participants could identify indicators for most of the criteria (many of which are also supported by existing literature), further research and validation will be necessary to identify measurable, practical, and bias-free indicators for all criteria. 相似文献
224.
以湿法磷酸副产的磷石膏和工业品氯化钾为原料 ,采用两步法 ,常温常压下 ,在 5 0 0 0t a工业化装置中 ,生产符合国标ZBG2 10 0 6 89农用一级品硫酸钾。整个过程流程较简单 ,能耗低 ,投资省 ,基本无“三废”排放。钾的收率达70 %。工艺条件稳定 ,产品质量稳定。中试结果与小试有较好的重复性 ,放大效果好。 相似文献
225.
林琦 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2012,(2):51-52,64
城市污水处理厂污泥经过半干化处置,使污泥含水率下降到60％,以满足国家新的垃圾填埋场卫生填埋的要求,这是一个新课题。利用石灰法进行延吉市污水处理厂污泥半干化处置,能够以较小的投资及较低的运行费用实现污泥半干化,为实现城市污水处理厂污泥半干化处置探索出新途径。 相似文献
226.
环境温度是研究车用压缩天然气瓶火烧试验机理的一个重要因素,因此有必要定量的研究环境温度对火烧试验的影响。在已有火烧试验数据的基础上,分析了环境温度对车用压缩天然气瓶火烧试验安全泄放压力和火烧持续时间两个关键指标的影响,结果表明安全泄放压力、火烧持续时间和环境温度均呈反比关系。 相似文献
227.
为探究由钢阻尼器与抗风支座组成的横向减震体系关键参数对斜拉桥横向地震响应的影响,以某高矮塔斜拉桥为例,基于结构内力与位移响应相平衡的原则,运用正交试验设计法设定参数联合优化的分析工况,分别以结构内力与位移响应、钢阻尼器耗能为优化指标,探究算例中减震体系关键参数钢阻尼器屈服力及抗风支座初始间隙对优化指标的影响。结果表明:辅助墩内力及高塔侧边跨主梁梁端位移响应的控制因子具有显著的参数耦合效应,参数优化时需联合考虑;在墩台设置钢阻尼器可显著降低辅助墩内力及梁端位移响应,但不能有效降低桥塔内力响应。 相似文献
228.
229.
对大跨度受腐蚀损坏的钢结构桥架进行结构可靠性检测鉴定和内力验算,根据检测鉴定结果做加固处理,保证了结构的安全稳定和生产使用需要。 相似文献
230.
胡亚楠 《中国个体防护装备》2011,(5):25-28
本文主要介绍了ASTMF2669-2009《施用农药人员用防护服性能标准》的分级和检测要求、防护服材料性能要求、材料的抗渗透性指标等,并就施药人员的安全与防护以及完善防护服标准体系提出建议．以为我国广大相关领域人员了解标准和应用标准提供帮助． 相似文献