厦门西港表层沉积物中有机氯化合物的污染特征及变化趋势

利用GC－ECD对厦门西港1998年7月取得的8个站位表层沉积物中的18种有机氯农药（HCHs,DDTs)等和12种多氯联苯（PCBs)进行分析。其中有机氯农药的浓度范围ND（未检测出）－0．58ng/g(其中HCHs和DDTs的含量分别为ND－0．14ng/gND－0．06ng/g),多氯联苯的浓度为ND－0．32ng/g,与1986、1993年的厦门西港的分析结果相比较,污染程度明显降低;说明近年来的厦门的有机污染得到逐步控制,也与有机物随时间推移逐渐详解有关,分析表明多氯联苯和有机氯农药在厦门西港有着相似的分布特征。     

大亚湾海域浮游动物生物量变化特征

通过对1982-2005年在大亚湾海域开展的27个航次的浮游动物调查资料,对该海域浮游动物生物量的变化情况进行了初步的分析研究。结果表明:春、秋两季是大亚湾生物量较低的季节,目前大亚湾浮游动物生产力水平达到历史最高水平。但大亚湾海域生态环境的改变已经对浮游动物产生了巨大的影响,主要表现在以下方面:浮游动物湿重生物量的季节变化由原来的双峰型变为单峰型,生物量高峰出现时间有明显的推移;季节变化的幅度日趋加剧;生物量密集中心有向湾外逐渐推移的趋势。     

基于Sentinel-5P的粤港澳大湾区NO2污染物时空变化分析

基于最新的TROPOMI反演的对流层NO₂垂直柱浓度数据,利用Google Earth Engine平台分析了粤港澳大湾区近2a对流层NO₂垂直柱浓度的分布及变化特征.结果表明, TROPOMI传感器反演的对流层NO₂垂直柱浓度与地表NO₂浓度监测值具有较好的相关性,反演产品能够反映地面真实的NO₂污染状况;粤港澳大湾区NO₂柱浓度分布呈现出较为显著的圈层结构,高NO₂柱浓度区域面积约为4468km²,占大湾区总面积的8%,低NO₂柱浓度地区的面积约为25331km²,占比超过了45%;大湾区上空的对流层NO₂垂直柱浓度存在明显的“冬高夏低,春秋过度”的季节性差异和周期性波动特征;影响因子回归模型结果表明人类活动强度(DNB,夜间灯光)、植被状况(NDVI,植被指数)和地形因子(DEM,数字高程)与地区对流层NO₂垂直柱浓度的分布有明显的相关性.本研究成果可为政府和决策者制定相关政策和措施提供借鉴.     

胶州湾石油烃污染物环境容量计算

根据石油烃污染物在多介质海洋环境中分布动力学模型建立了胶州湾海域石油烃污染物海洋自净容量(SPCo)计算方法。模型运行表明，该模型可以很好地模拟胶州湾海水中石油烃污染物年均浓度的年际变化。根据该模型，分别计算了胶州湾石油烃污染物SPCo，以及在不同海水水质标准条件下胶州湾石油烃污染物标准自净容量(SPCo^(s))、环境容量(ECo)和剩余环境容量(SECo)。根据运算结果可以推断，今后胶州湾在保持一级海水水质标准条件下可再接纳200t左右石油烃污染物，在二级海水水质标准条件下可再接纳600t左右石油烃污染物。     

Estimation of far-field horizontal and vertical turbulent diffusion coefficients from the concentration field of a wastewater plume near the Akashi Strait

We carried out a field study of the plume discharged by a near-shore wastewater outfall near the Akashi Strait, Japan. Using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler and a tow-body CTD, we measured the near-surface salinity and temperature fields in the region throughout an M₂ tidal cycle. We filtered the data in T–S space to remove water masses other than the wastewater, and then used the adiabatic mixing assumption to calculate the concentration of wastewater in the far field of this plume. Averaging the T–S fields of repeated surveys over a time period during which the tidal regime did not change substantially, allowed comparison of the time-averaged plume with the analytical solution for a plume diffusing in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions. The resulting vertical turbulent diffusion coefficients agreed well with those resulting from Thorpe scales determined via a vertically-profiling CTD, as well as with the canonical value for open channel flow of D _z = 0.067hu _*. The corresponding horizontal turbulent diffusion coefficients, however, were two orders of magnitude larger than those typically observed in straight channels, and an order of magnitude larger than those observed in meandering rivers. This is likely a result of enhanced horizontal mixing due to barotropic eddies generated by the interaction of strong tidal flow with headlands and levees, as well as due to the time-varying nature of tidal flow, and baroclinic spreading of the buoyant wastewater plume.     

Behavior of a Small Pulsed River Plume in a Strong Tidal Cross-Flow in the Akashi Strait

We carried out a field study of a small river plume emptying into Osaka Bay near the Akashi Strait in western Japan, to understand the fate of its urban-runoff-laden waters. As the river is weak compared to tidal currents, we find that the behavior of the plume is strongly influenced by phasing between tidal stage and currents (a westward-traveling progressive tidal wave). When the tidal stage rises, sea water floods up the river, and concentrated river effluent cannot be seen in Osaka Bay. During most of the river’s ebb, a topographic eddy transports river effluent towards the energetic Akashi Strait, while strong vertical shear in the tidal flow mixes the effluent with seawater. However, there is a short interval of time during which the direction of tidal flow in the Strait changes direction and the magnitude of the current is weak. At this time, shear is weak enough to allow a stratified plume of concentrated river water to form, and this plume is driven offshore, and into Osaka Bay, by baroclinic circulation. A sewage outfall, which is located very close to the river mouth, is subjected to these same conditions and therefore exhibits similar behavior. Understanding the relation between tidal phase and plume behavior will be useful to Kobe City, as well as other cities in a similar environment, for minimizing the environmental effects of their wastewater and non-point-source runoff.     

乐清湾水质变化及其成因探讨

收集了乐清湾多年的水质监测资料，分析了乐清湾各水质指标在时间和空间上的变化规律。在此基础上，分别从乐清湾外部污染源变化，海岸工程引起的水动力变化和水产养殖业产生的内部污染源的变化等几方面，对乐清湾水质变化的原因进行了探讨。     

胶州湾多毛类环节动物数量分布与环境因子的关系

根据1998~2002年胶州湾10个站各季度大型底栖动物调查结果,讨论了多毛类环节动物在各站出现种数、生物量、栖息密度与环境因子的关系.结果表明,海底底质是影响多毛类数量分布与变化的重要因子,沙质软泥有利于多毛类生长,而粗沙砾石底质多毛类分布较少;春季多毛类种数、生物量和栖息密度均较高;在一定条件下,盐度是多毛类的限制因子,当盐度升高时,其生物量和栖息密度呈增加趋势.图2表6参14     

Coastal zone management in wales: The information gaps

In 1994 the Countryside Council for Wales, the government nature conservation and countryside advisor in Wales, published a consultation document on marine and coastal policy, and also commissioned research into the status of coastal zone management (CZM) in the Principality. The research, undertaken by the University of Wales Cardiff, investigated CZM from an international, national (U.K.) and Welsh perspective, concentrating on detailed case studies of three areas (including both urban and rural coasts). Policy makers, managers, practitioners and users from all sectors were included in the study which established current activity, identified problems and reviewe future plans. Interviews and questionnaire returns highlighted vital information gaps at all levels. These ranged fom a lack of basic data (including scientific and technical), to a breakdown in communication both within and between organisations, as well as a policy vacuum in both regional and central government.     

海湾扇贝自身污染的研究

在实验室条件下，进行了海湾扇贝自身污染的研究。在海湾扇贝生长的生态过程中，出现了来源于自身新陈代谢产物的有机和无机氮污染，即自身污染。导致ｐＨ和ＤＯ的降低，ＣＯＤ和ＢＯＤ的增加，以及病原生物弧菌的大量繁殖。