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The gas-phase partitioning tracer method was used to estimate non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL), water, and air saturations in the vadose zone at a chlorinated-solvent contaminated field site in Tucson, AZ. The tracer test was conducted in a fractured-clay system that is the confining layer for the underlying regional aquifer. Three suites of three tracers were injected into wells located 14, 24, and 24 m from a single, central extraction well. The tracers comprised noble gases (traditionally thought to be nonsorbing), alkanes (primarily water partitioning), perfluorides (primarily NAPL partitioning), and halons (both NAPL and water partitioning). Observations of vacuum response were consistent with flow in a fractured system. The halon tracers exhibited the greatest amount of retardation, and helium and the perfluoride tracers the least. The alkane tracers were unexpectedly more retarded than the perfluoride tracers, indicating low NAPL saturations and high water saturations. An NAPL saturation of 0.01, water saturation of 0.215, and gas saturation of 0.775 was estimated based on analysis of the suite of tracers comprising helium, perfluoromethylcyclohexane and dibromodifluoromethane, which was considered to be the most robust set. The estimated saturations compare reasonably well to independently determined values. 相似文献
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1IntroductionSincethe1970s,theCFCsandHalonsemitedbyhumanhavebeenwidelythoughtassubstanceswhichmaycauseozonedepletioninstrato... 相似文献
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随着哈龙替代气体研究的不断深入 ,氮气作为惰性气体灭火的一种 ,引起了人们的广泛关注。然而 ,在矿井火灾防治中 ,氮气因其来源广泛、价格低廉 ,很早就得到广泛的应用。笔者对氮气灭火系统的特性、优缺点及其适用范围进行了分析 ,将氮气与其他哈龙替代气体灭火系统进行了比较 ,探讨了引起矿井与建筑火灾扑救差异的原因。针对目前固定式氮气灭火系统应用系统压力较高的特点 ,提出使用长距离输送和制氮机供氮的方法 ,来降低因高压力所带来的成本问题。提出使用氮气灭火系统 ,建立地铁、隧道及地下公共设施等地下建筑物大型火灾的灭火技术 相似文献
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哈龙替代技术的应用选择方法 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
简单介绍了几种典型哈龙替代技术,提出了替代技术的选择标准,分析比较了各替代技术的性能特点,并在此基础上针对实际应用场所的具体情况和要求,采用运筹学方法评估出较为切合实际的哈龙替代灭火系统。 相似文献
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