全文获取类型
收费全文 | 800篇 |
免费 | 33篇 |
国内免费 | 39篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 32篇 |
废物处理 | 2篇 |
环保管理 | 311篇 |
综合类 | 200篇 |
基础理论 | 142篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 39篇 |
评价与监测 | 52篇 |
社会与环境 | 59篇 |
灾害及防治 | 34篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 17篇 |
2020年 | 21篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 23篇 |
2016年 | 30篇 |
2015年 | 19篇 |
2014年 | 27篇 |
2013年 | 50篇 |
2012年 | 40篇 |
2011年 | 58篇 |
2010年 | 43篇 |
2009年 | 53篇 |
2008年 | 52篇 |
2007年 | 57篇 |
2006年 | 47篇 |
2005年 | 27篇 |
2004年 | 24篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 18篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 22篇 |
1999年 | 17篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有872条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
831.
The snowmobile controversy in Yellowstone National Park not only pits snowmobilers against environmentalists, but it also pits the Bush Administration against the Clinton Administration. Caught in the middle are the National Park Service, scores of natural and social scientists, and Yellowstones permanent residents—the flora and fauna. The controversys political aspects are the focus of this paper; specifically, the tenuous relationship among research scientists, whose job it is to inform management and policy decisions; politicians, whose job it is to formulate those same decisions in the public arena; and public land management agencies, whose job it is to implement the decisions. The crux of the paper concerns the politicization of natural resource policy and ways in which research scientists tend to get caught up in it. Lessons learned from this Yellowstone episode regarding the role of science in policy-making processes are also considered. Two recent federal court rulings shed additional light on the politics surrounding Yellowstones snowmobile controversy, as does the importance of governmental checks and balances in resolving natural resource management disputes. 相似文献
832.
Government agencies responsible for pest animal management often assume that their views and assumptions about the benefits of control are widely shared, especially if these pests are exotics. This was certainly the case when tens of thousands of feral Asian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) were to be culled in Australias Kakadu National Park as part of a national Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Eradication Campaign (BTEC). Implementation of the campaign sparked considerable dispute between officials and aboriginal and non-aboriginal interests about the risks posed by buffalo relative to their value as a potential resource. Drawing upon a variety of written and oral sources relating to the era of buffalo control in Kakadu, this paper critically analyzes the way in which detriment caused by buffalo was appraised and managed under the BTEC program. In particular, the paper focuses the ways in which the BTEC program affected aboriginal people in Kakadu, who view buffalo as a source of customary and economic benefit as well as a source of change on their lands. The paper then considers what lessons can be learned from the BTEC for the development of sensible feral management objectives and strategies. It is argued that effective management of feral animals such as buffalo will require environmental managers to engage with local people and involve them in the definition and management of pest animal damage and methods of control. 相似文献
833.
A model for predicting community mosaics and wildlife diversity resulting from fire disturbance to a forest ecosystem is presented. It applies an algorithm that delineates the size and shape of each patch from grid-based input data and calculates standard diversity measures for the entire mosaic of community patches and their included animal species. The user can print these diversity calculations, maps of the current community-type-age-class mosaic, and maps of habitat utilization by each animal species. Furthermore, the user can print estimates of changes in each resulting from natural disturbance. Although data and resolution level independent, the model is demonstrated and tested with data from the Lewis and Clark National Forest in Montana. 相似文献
834.
Research on the development of the interrelationships between society and environment is crucial for the understanding of
contemporary landscapes. The West-Estonian archipelago provides an opportunity for such investigations because of its small
size, landscape diversity, and well-defined economic activities.
The contemporary landscapes of the islands reflect environmental changes resulting from centuries of human activity. This
paper describes both natural and human factors in the change in landscape of small Estonian islands during the last centuries.
During the period 1850–1940, human activity diversified the landscape structure. During World War II, with the establishment
of Soviet rule, the islets were depopulated; their landscape became more uniform and lost their economic and ecological vitality.
The re-establishment of private ownership of land and a market economy is predicted to result in positive changes in the landscape
of the islets. 相似文献
835.
The wilderness use simulation model applied to Colorado River boating in Grand Canyon National Park,USA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A modification of the Shechter-Lucas Wilderness Use Simulation Model (WUSM) for peak season boating on the Colorado River through Grand Canyon National Park, USA, is evaluated as a tool for making management decisions. A new microcomputer program to select trip itineraries for inclusion in the WUSM that was developed as part of this study is presented. This program simplifies user input and expands the WUSM's usefulness as a tool for management decisions by randomizing itinerary schedules based on probabilities developed from actual use of sites by canyon visitors. Model usefulness is demonstrated by simulating various management changes and comparing use levels of attraction sites and campgrounds as well as numbers of encounters between parties. The WUSM is being used as part of an ongoing study, to reflect the impact of fluctuating flow regimes through the turbines at Glen Canyon Dam on river trips. 相似文献
836.
Recreational use of wilderness results in impacts to vegetation and soil in trails and campsites. Traditionally, campsite impact studies have compared campsites receiving various levels of use with unused control areas. Field studies in Sequoia National Park, California, indicate that the degree of impact to vegetation and soils also varies within campsites. The central areas of campsites, where trampling is concentrated, show lower plant species diversity, differences in relative species cover, more highly compacted soils, and lower soil nutrient concentrations than do peripheral, moderately trampled, and untrampled areas within the same campsite. Three years after closure to visitor use, the central areas show less increase in mean foliar plant cover, and soils remain more highly compacted than in previously moderately trampled areas of the same sites. Changes in relative species cover over time are used to assess both resiliency to trampling and species composition recovery within campsites closed to visitor use. 相似文献
837.
Robert Stottlemyer 《Environmental management》1987,11(1):91-97
It is estimated that more than half the threats to national park resources originate outside park boundaries, and most threats are attributable to degradation of air and water quality. Atmospheric contaminants are the principal source of external threats to national park ecosystems. This article examines the potential impact to national park resources by anthropic atmospheric inputs and summarizes present research methods and results regarding impacts. Air quality monitoring currently receives much more emphasis and support than effects research. Present research on effects focuses on vegetation impact, biomonitoring, and acid rain. This research and that of other investigators suggest that the most likely impacts will not be direct cause-effect situations, but indirect, incremental, and possibly synergistic effects on the interactions of ecosystem components. Conceptually, such alteration of interactions can be measured through long-term observation of biogeochemical cycles, energy transfer, and community structure and function. But traditional Park Service research has not emphasized the ecosystem and especially ecosystem processes and component interactions. Most research on effects, then, must begin with baseline data acquisition. A research program to mitigate present national data base deficiencies would require a fundamental change in present research priorities, administration, and funding. 相似文献
838.
The effect of past distributions of animal populations now extinct in an area from unknown causes is considered relative to their status as exotic or native in national parks. The example is the bison (Bisonbison) on the Copper and Chitina river drainages in Alaska in the USA which was introduced prior to establishment of Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve. The fossil record suggests that bison were present as recently as 500 years ago in Alaska. The policy of the US National Park Service to maintain natural ecosystems and restrict or eliminate exotic species raises the issue of whether this species should be treated as exotic or native. 相似文献
839.
Walter T. Sittner 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1973,9(4):655-659
The National Weather Service is nearing the conclusion of a five year period of transition from index type catchment modelling to the use of conceptual hydrologic models. The decision to make this technological change was based on an extensive research project in which various catchment models were tested in a wide variety of basins and their strong and weak points ascertained. This project is described. Some of the problems involved in the changeover, which are discussed, are practical parameter optimization methods, computer requirements for the more complex technology, data requirements, fitting of the catchment model to major river systems, training of personnel and staffing problems. 相似文献
840.
This paper describes the development and implementation ofPREPLAN, A Pristine Environment Planning Language and Simulator, for two conservation areas in Australia, Kosciusko National Park (New South Wales) and Tutanning Nature Reserve (Western Australia).PREPLAN was derived from the North American gradient modeling systems and theForest Planning Language and Simulator (FORPLAN), but includes unique characteristics not previously available.PREPLAN includes an integrated resource management data base, modules for predicting site-specific vegetation, fuels, animals, fire behavior, and fire effects, and an English language instruction set.PREPLAN was developed specifically to provide available information and understanding of ecosystems to managers in a readily accessible and usable form, and to provide the motivation to conduct additional required research projects. An evaluation of the system's advantages and limitations is presented, and the way the utilization of such systems is improving natural area decision making throughout Australia is discussed. 相似文献