分离度对色谱定量分析的影响

介绍了分离度对色谱定量分析的影响，并以水中苯系物的检测为例，验证了采用峰高测量法代替峰面积测量法。可以消除数据处理机对色谱重叠峰处理时造成的偏差，得到满意结果。     

降雨时间分辨率对SWAT水文模拟的影响

分别基于13个雨量站的日降雨量和小时降雨量,在率水流域建立SWAT（Soil and Water Assessment Tool）水文模型,对基于不同降雨时间分辨率的SWAT模型进行独立的参数率定和验证,在此基础上分析降雨时间分辨率对率水流域SWAT模拟性能的影响.结果表明,降雨输入的时间分辨率对率水流域SWAT模型的水文模拟性能有显著影响.小时降雨输入SWAT模型的纳什系数（NSE）和决定系数（R²）在率定期分别为0.89、0.90,在验证期分别为0.86、0.88,均显著高于日降雨输入SWAT模型对应的模型评价统计量值.究其原因,小时降雨输入SWAT模型对于峰值流量的模拟要明显优于日降雨输入SWAT模型.建议应在不同气候与自然环境条件的流域内开展类似的降雨时间分辨率对水文模型模拟性能的影响研究.     

Trace metals and organochlorines in sediments near a major ocean outfall on a high energy continental margin (Sydney, Australia)

Sewage effluent from a large ocean outfall south of Sydney, southeastern Australia, is efficiently dispersed on this high energy continental margin. An enrichment of Ag, Cu, Pb and Zn is only detectable in the fine fraction (<62.5 microm) of sediment. Ag, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the bulk sample correlate strongly with the mud content of surficial sediment, making an identification of the anthropogenic trace metal source difficult using total sediment analyses. The concentrations of HCB and DDE in the total sediment are also slightly elevated near the outfall. In the vicinity of the outfall, the estimated sewage component in the fine fraction of sediment, using Ag, Cu and Zn in a conservative, two-endmember physical mixing model, is <5% and is <0.25% of the total sediment. A greater anthropogenic Pb component in the fine fraction (mean: 24.8%) of surficial sediment compared to Ag, Cu and Zn may suggest a source other than sewage to Sydney continental margin sediments.     

高分辨率卫星遥感数据在突发性环境污染事故应急处理中的应用

对覆盖江苏全省的SPOT5高分辨率卫星遥感数据进行了空间融合处理，建立2．5m分辨率数字正射影像库（DOM），为突发性环境污染事故应急处理提供重要的空间数据服务，可有效指导环境应急监测点位布设、人员疏散，防止污染物对河流、空气、土壤的生态破坏，提高环境预警与应急响应能力。     

Potential environmental fate of elsinochrome A,a perylenequinone toxin produced in culture by bindweed biocontrol fungus Stagonospora convolvuli LA39

The photosensitizing perylenequinone toxin elsinochrome A (EA) is produced in culture by the bindweed biocontrol fungus Stagonospora convolvuli LA39 where it apparently plays a pathogenicity related role. We investigated the fate of EA with reference to its stability under different temperature and light conditions. EA remained stable when boiled in water at 100^∘C for 2 h. Similarly, exposing EA to 3–27^∘C in the dark for up to 16 weeks did not affect its stability either in dry or in aqueous form. However, results from irradiation experiments indicate that direct photolysis may be a significant degradation pathway for EA in the environment. EA either in dry form or dissolved in water was degraded by different irradiation wavelengths and intensities, with degradation plots fitting a first order rate kinetics. EA degraded faster if exposed in aqueous form, and at higher quantum flux density (μmol s⁻¹ m⁻²). Sunlight was more effective in degrading EA than artificial white light and ultraviolet radiations (UV-A or UV-B). Exposing EA to natural sunlight, particularly, during the intense sunshine (1,420– 1,640 μmol s⁻¹ m⁻²) days of 30 July to 5 August 2004 in Zurich caused the substance to degrade rapidly with half-life under such condition only 14 h. This implies that should EA gets into the environment, particularly on exposed environmental niches, such as on plant surfaces through biocontrol product spray, or released from shed diseased leaves, it may have no chance of accumulating to ‘level of concern’. Furthermore, a toxicity assay using Trichoderma atroviride P1 as biosensor showed that photo-degraded EA was not toxic, indicating that no stable toxic by-products were left.     

城市公共安全管理体系研究

分析、定义了城市公共安全管理体系的系统特征,以实体、技术、管理三个维度对体系进行了结构解析.设计了通过符合性审核和有效性审核的实施体系改进的流程.     

Improvement in the feeding method to an inclined conveyor designed for the recycling of foundry sand

 The goal of the inclined conveyor method for particle shape separation is to process a large amount of feed material for recycling technology. The high feed rate has been achieved because the movement of particles is faster than for other previously introduced equipment. The separation performance of the apparatus was tested with foundry sand. A large amount of sand was treated, and various processing capacities were studied experimentally. The feed method was improved from point to line with wide troughs to process the higher feed rate. We succeeded in attaining a feed rate of 1.49 × 10⁻³ kg/s with a 0.3-m trough. The space filling, which was an important factor in deciding the capacity of the feed rate, was defined. This method is useful for any kind of line-feed method. Received: March 25, 2002 / Accepted: August 5, 2002     

四川省高等级公路环保现状与存在问题

自1990年以来，四川省高等级公路发展迅速，已建成近2000公里，同时，公路环保也取得了很大成就，所有高等级公路都编制了环评报告书，边坡，中央分隔带和互通式立交区的绿化率达70％以上，路边30m范围内重要敏感点或迁移或受到保护，服务区污水处理后达标排放，取弃土场施行绿化或复耕，水土流失得到治理，但建设期的环境管理还有待加强，环保绿化技术尚须进一步提高，环境监理要尽快开展。     

INVOLVING WATERSHED STAKEHOLDERS: AN ISSUE ATTRIBUTE APPROACH TO DETERMINE WILLINGNESS AND NEED1

ABSTRACT: The development of effective solutions for addressing nonpoint source pollution on a watershed basis often involves watershed stakeholders. However, success in engaging stakeholders in collaborative decision making processes varies, as watershed managers are faced with the challenges inherent to finding the right process for the decisions needed and in successfully engaging stakeholders in that process. Two characteristics that may provide guidance for determining the appropriateness of applying a collaborative process to a watershed problem are the need to collaborate and the willingness of stakeholders to engage in a collaborative decision making process. By examining seven attributes of the issues confronted by stakeholders in a collaborative process, the consequences of these attributes on the need for collaboration and stakeholders' willingness to engage can be estimated. The issue attributes include: level of uncertainty, balance of information, risk, time horizon of effects, urgency of decision, distribution of effects, and clarity of problem. The issue attribute model was applied to two collaborative decision making processes conducted by the same watershed stakeholder group in a North Carolina coastal watershed. Need and willingness to engage did not coincide for either issue; that is, stakeholders were more willing to engage on the issue that required less need for their involvement.     

高层建筑火灾防烟空气幕的实验研究

通过分析高层建筑火灾时引起烟气流动的因素 ,建立了高层建筑火灾时防烟空气幕流量、吹风口宽度和吹风口的射流速度的计算模型。通过实验研究 ,验证了理论计算的正确性