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11.
Thomas?D.?SeeleyEmail author P.?Kirk?Visscher 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2004,56(6):594-601
This study addresses a question about the nest-site selection process of honeybee swarms: how do the scout bees know when to initiate the preparation for their swarm’s move to their new home? We tested the quorum-sensing hypothesis: that the scouts do this by noting when one of the potential nest sites under consideration is being visited by a sufficiently large number of scouts. A falsifiable prediction of this hypothesis is that delaying the formation of a quorum of scout bees at a swarm’s chosen nest cavity, while leaving the rest of the decision-making process undisturbed, should delay the start of worker piping (the prepare-for-takeoff signal) and thus the takeoff of the swarm. In paired trials, we presented each of four swarms once with five nest boxes close to each other at a site and once with a single nest box. The multiple nest boxes caused the scouts visiting the site to be dispersed among five identical nest cavities rather than concentrated at one. We observed long delays in the start of piping and the start of takeoff in the five-nest-box trials relative to the one-nest-box trials. These results provide strong support for the quorum-sensing hypothesis. 相似文献
12.
The aim of this study is to investigate the trace elements (TE) contents of potential biomonitors in a historical Zn–Pb mining district: apiary products (honey, royal-jelly and beeswax) lichen and moss were sampled and analysed. In spite of high TE concentrations in mining waste and soil, apiary products are free of TE contamination originating from historical mining. Lichen/moss show high TE levels, which suggest atmospheric input of local dust. Pb isotopes analysis proved the origin of TE found in lichen/moss to be mainly mining waste. These results help discuss the choice of relevant organisms for monitoring TE in the environment and bring additional data on the potential impacts of brownfields left after mining, especially on food products from apiaries. 相似文献
13.
Claudia Dreller 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1998,43(3):191-196
Every recruitment system in social insects requires some individuals that serve as scouts, foragers that search independently
for food sources. It is not well understood which factors influence whether an individual becomes a scout or a recruit, nor
how the division of labor between the two forager groups is regulated. It is shown here for honeybees (Apis mellifera), using two different molecular techniques, that there is a genetically based difference in the probability that individuals
will scout independently for food. In contrast to earlier suggestions, experimental tests showed that the age of a bee does
not seem to influence its probability of becoming a scout or a recruit. Furthermore, scout bees do not search opportunistically
for either pollen or nectar but, rather, individuals have preferences that are genetically based. These findings are discussed
in the framework of foraging regulation by specialization in honeybees and the adaptive significance of polyandry.
Received: 23 October 1997 / Accepted after revision: 10 April 1998 相似文献
14.
Claudia Dreller Robert E. Page Jr. M. Kim Fondrk 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1999,45(3-4):227-233
Pollen storage in a colony of Apis mellifera is actively regulated by increasing and decreasing pollen foraging according to the “colony's needs.” It has been shown that
nectar foragers indirectly gather information about the nectar supply of the colony from nestmates without estimating the
amount of honey actually stored in the combs. Very little is known about how the actual colony need is perceived with respect
to pollen foraging. Two factors influence the need for pollen: the quantity of pollen stored in cells and the amount of brood.
To elucidate the mechanisms of perception, we changed the environment within normal-sized colonies by adding pollen or young
brood and measured the pollen-foraging activity, while foragers had either direct access to them or not. Our results show
that the amount of stored pollen, young brood, and empty space directly provide important stimuli that affect foraging behavior.
Different mechanisms for forager perception of the change in the environment are discussed.
Received: 13 June 1998 / Accepted after revision: 25 October 1998 相似文献