Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in waterbird eggs of Hong Kong, China

Concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs were measured in 56 egg samples collected from waterbirds of different species (Great Egret, Little Egret, Night Heron and Chinese Pond Heron) from different regions of Hong Kong (Ho Sheung Heung, Mai Po Village and Mai Po Lung Village) during 2000 and 2006. Dominance of 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF indicates a signature associated with commercial usage of PCBs. Although no significant variations were observed within- and between-site in the levels of PCDD/Fs, coplanar PCBs and PBDEs, the concentrations of coplanar PCBs were much higher than PCDD/Fs. Similarity in composition profiles of PCDD/F and coplanar PCBs from different egretries is possibly associated with non-point sources of these contaminants to Hong Kong. Predominant accumulation of BDE-47, BDE-99 and BDE-100 suggested the penta-BDE technical mixtures usage in Hong Kong and its vicinity. Toxic equivalency and Monte Carlo simulation technique showed potential risks on waterbirds due to their exposure to PCDD/Fs.     

Public Discourses of Climate Change in Hong Kong

The changing political environment in Hong Kong is likely to accelerate the transition in environmental policy discourse. Opportunities for critical public involvement are increasing and new environmental discourses are emerging. Yet, previous social surveys did not explore the range of these discourses and few focused on climate change. The paper outlines the public discourses of climate change in Hong Kong. Using Q-methodology, four distinctive discourses were identified, namely Pure Environmentalism, Political Pragmatism, Popular Optimism, and Fair Rationalism. While the first one is climate-centric, the other three are political or social in nature and do not indicate a clear or coherent climate orientation. This suggests that the climate change concern of the Hong Kong public is not tightly embedded into a coherent narrative of social and institutional transformation. Effective climate change governance and policies require strengthening the link between such concern and the public desires for social and institutional transformation. Bringing together the ongoing social movements and environmental campaigns will be instrumental to nurture an active climate citizenry.     

德宏州水污染防治问题探讨

指出了德宏州水环境所面临的问题及其产生的原因,提出了解决水污染问题的对策.     

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans pollution in China: sources, environmental levels and potential human health impacts

This review represents an assessment of the pollution status of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in China (the mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan). During the past decades, seven PCDD/Fs pollution hotspots have been found: (a). Ya-er Lake, Hubei Province, with 'total PCDD/Fs' level reaching 177,427 pg g(-1) (dry weight) in lake sediments; (b). Chinese Schistosomiasis affected areas of Jiangxi Province with 33,660 pg g(-1) in soil; (c). e-waste recycling area of Yangtze River Delta, with 2726 pg g(-1) in paddy soil; (d). e-waste recycling area of Guiyu (eastern part of Guangdong Province), with 967,500 pg g(-1) in mixture of burnt residue and soil (the highest level among all hotspots); (e). Pearl River Delta with 2630 pg g(-1) in coastal sediment. (f). Kwun Tong, Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong with 10,999 pg g(-1) in coastal sediment; and (g). southern Taiwan with 606,000 pg g(-1) in soil near the vicinity of a pentachlorophenol manufacturing factory. The main sources of PCDD/Fs in China were formed from impurities during the production of polychlorophenol, hexachlorobenzene, polychlorinated biphenyls, organic chlorinated pesticide and triclosan. In addition, sources of PCDD/Fs included municipal waste incineration, mineral fuel usage, open burning of electronic waste and crop residues, industrial waste discharge and vehicle exhaust emission. Due to potential human health risks from long-term exposure to PCDD/Fs at these hotspots, body loadings of these contaminants should be monitored.     

阜新市闹德海集中式饮用水源地水污染风险模糊综合评价

建立了模糊综合评价数学模型,针对阜新市闹德海集中式饮用水源地辽河支流柳河段上游2001年~2005年水质状况进行水污染风险评价。旨在定量分析评价阜新地区集中饮用水源地水环境质量现状和存在的问题。结果表明:柳河上游水质在2001~2005年间波动较大,主要呈Ⅰ类Ⅲ类,基本符合集中式饮用水源地水质要求。其中2003和2005年河流总磷和溶解氧超标严重,五年间主要污染物变化规律也不同,总磷呈递增趋势,溶解氧呈递减趋势。     

香港地区建设项目环境影响评价制度分析

分析了香港建设项目环境影响评价制度体系的发展、现状及评价程序，总结了香港建设项目环境影响评价制度的特点，为中国内地建设项目环境影响评价制度的完善提出了借鉴依据。     

海南红沙港海水中细菌污染调查与评价

于2006年4-6月在红沙港海域进行了四个航次调查,对海域中5个站位的海水样品进行了细菌学检测.结果表明,四个航次海水粪大肠杆菌群超标率最高为40%,异养细菌总数超标率均达60%以上.四个航次海水粪大肠杆菌单项污染指数平均值分别为0.755、1.792、2.215和0.578,异养细菌总数单项污染指数平均值分别为1.54、2.73、24.04和6.11.生物统计学分析显示,粪大肠杆菌群与异养细菌总数存在一定的正相关关系,其相关系数r2=0.439 9.红沙港海水已受到粪大肠杆菌和异氧细菌污染.     

香港地区桃金娘灌木林的凋落物及养分回归

香港桃金娘灌木林的年凋落物量在两年的测定中分别为４２９．３和５２５．２ｇ／ｍ２，枯枝和花果的凋落物年间差异十分显著。叶子和杂物则没有明显的年间差异。按１９８９年和１９９０年平均计算，桃金娘灌木林年凋落物中的氮、磷、钾量分别为２８４５、１６４和８９２ｍｇ／ｍ２。灌木林年凋落物量及养分值小于热带、亚热带常绿阔叶林，但可与马尾松林相比。气候因素对灌木林的凋落物及其养分的季节动态影响较大。养分利用效率的研究表明，桃金娘灌木林比常绿阔叶林及马尾松林养分利用效率更高     

加速环境制度变革 推动经济社会科学发展

党的十八大以科学发展观为指导,提出了推进生态文明、建设美丽中国的战略任务,生态文明是我党创造性地回答经济发展与资源环境关系问题所取得的最新理论成果,为统筹人与自然和谐发展指明了前进方向。改革开放的中国,社会经济高速发     

The Value-Action Gap in Waste Recycling: The Case of Undergraduates in Hong Kong

The discrepancy between verbal and actual commitment in waste recycling and environmental behavior is thought to have attenuated the effectiveness of many environmental policy and measures. Studies purport to show the existence of such a value-action gap in environmental issues has been largely based on matching the verbal commitment to environmental value through self-reported environmental behavioral data. Therefore, there is a lack of direct evidence to prove that such a discrepancy exists. This study demonstrates a methodology (contrasting on-site observation with self-reported results) to measure the gap between verbal commitment and actual recycling behavior and provides an explanation on the recycling behavior of students at Hong Kong Baptist University in the hope that the lessons learnt can be generalized to a wider context. Our findings indicate that a gap between verbal recycling commitment and corresponding action does exist in waste recycling on this university campus. By using multiple linear regression analysis, we found that the self-reported recycling behavior of undergraduates cannot be meaningfully explained by most variables previously suggested in the general value-action model.