旅游概念规划内容体系创新研究——以重庆市璧山千亩荷园乡村旅游概念规划为例

在界定旅游概念规划的基础上,对其内容体系进行了研究,创新性地提出了一种新的旅游概念规划内容体系,即它由背景环境解析、理念融合创新、目标定位、发展战略确定、关键策略选择五大板块组成,内容涉及到发展背景认知、区域特征分析、特殊理念识别、特有思想梳理、关键概念提取、规划目标界定、发展战略选择、主题形象提升、空间构架部署、概念分区支撑、意象设计解码、发展模式生成、旅游策略选择等13个方面,并以《重庆市千亩荷园旅游概念规划》为例,在理论和实证双重层面上证实了这套新内容体系的实践价值和存在意义.     

调整工业结构发展三峡低碳经济——以湖北省宜昌市为例

运用熵值法研究了宜昌市工业结构调整与低碳经济之间的关系。研究表明：宜昌市电力、热力生产和供应业的节能减排指数排名首位,属于可再生清洁能源,应大力推进其发展;食品产业的节能减排指数排名较前,属于第二梯队产业,也是朝阳产业,应得到有效支持促进其健康发展;装备制造业的节能减排指数排名大部分位列前10位,属于第三梯队产业,是传统支柱产业和工业中坚力量,在进行低碳技术创新的前提下,应得到有效的支持和发展;宜昌市的高新技术产业和纺织等轻工业的节能减排指数排名也比较靠前,应加大对高新技术产业和轻工业的扶持力度,增强其竞争能力;宜昌市化工业的节能减排指数排名靠后,对其应采用产业调整和技术创新相结合的手段;宜昌市石油加工、炼焦及核燃料加工业,造纸业和金属冶炼业的节能减排指数最低,排名最后,应对其实施调整归并政策,逐步减少其企业数量和规模     

北海市水环境容量核算与分区总量控制对策研究

水环境容量核算是城市水环境管理的基础。分析了北海市水环境特征的现状,通过划分陆域控制单元和对应水环境容量核算单元,根据设计水文条件及功能区水质目标等参数,综合选用一维河流非感潮河段容量计算模型、一维河流感潮河段容量计算模型核算了北海市各主要流域地表水水系的水环境容量。在此基础上,结合近海海洋环境容量,核算各控制单元点、面源负荷排放量,分析了北海市基于控制单元分区的可利用水环境容量空间分布特征,并提出了容量资源分区控制利用对策建议。     

基于多源遥感影像融合的武汉市土地利用分类方法研究

准确高效的获取土地利用信息,对于合理利用和开发土地资源具有十分重要的意义。在快速城镇化地区,土地利用活动频繁且密集,土地利用格局演变十分剧烈,增加了城市土地利用精准分类的不确定性;且受环境气候和云雨天气影响增加了有效光学影像获取的难度。为提高城市土地分类精度,该文选取武汉市中心城区为研究案例,以Sentinel-1A和Landsat8 OLI影像为数据源,采用Gram-Schmidt变换方法进行影像融合,选取最大似然、支持向量机、CART决策树、BP神经网络等4种分类方法对融合的影像进行分类,提取了研究区土地利用信息,并对其进行分析。进一步,通过与光学影像的分类结果对比,探究了Sentinel-1A和Landsat8 OLI融合影像在土地利用信息提取方面是否具有优势。研究结果表明:(1)对比其他3种方法,CART决策树分类方法对于融合后的影像分类精度最高,总体分类精度和Kappa系数分别达到88.55%和0.841 4;(2)与光学影像相比,Sentinel-1A和Landsat8 OLI融合影像可以更有效地获取高精度城市土地利用信息;(3)基于多源遥感影像融合的CART决策树分类方法是获取研究区高精度土地利用信息的一种行之有效的技术手段。研究成果可为快速城镇化区域的土地利用分类提供参考。     

江苏省武进市高产水稻田氮素渗漏损失研究

小区试验与农户调查研究结果表明 ,2 87kg/hm2施氮量宜作为武进市高产水稻的适宜施氮量 ,氮肥的过多施用不仅导致秸秆对氮素的奢侈吸收 ,也加重氮肥对渗漏水的污染。进一步降低水稻田施氮水平 ,又保持高产的水稻生产技术尚待开发。     

渝鄂湘黔接壤贫困山区农村劳动力就业转移研究

渝鄂湘黔接壤地区是位居我国腹心的重要待开发贫困山区。农村劳动力严重过剩,就业转移问题;突出,１９９６年农村劳动力剩余量达８００～１０００万人,且呈增长趋势。到２０１０年,农村劳动力将达２２００万人,剩余量约达１２００～１４００万人,就业压力很大。本区农村劳动力就业转移应实行就地转移和输出转移双管齐下,其转移的主要领域包括商品农业、乡镇企业、生态经济经营型生态环境建设及劳务输出等。研究结果说明,上述     

合肥市防震减灾计算机信息管理系统——我国城市防震减灾示范研究与应用介绍

城市防震减灾是当今世界各国政府和地震科学家共同关心的重大课题及重点工作。“九五”期间,我国先后在部分大中城市开展了防震减灾的示范研究,建立了先进的防震减灾计算机信息管理系统。本文全面介绍了该项示范研究的城市之一－合肥市震害预测与防震减灾计算机信息管下系统的主要内容、研究特色和取得的工作成果。该技术系统的完成,对推进我国城市防震减灾的科学化、现代化管理和实现防震减灾十年目标将发挥积极的作用。     

四川省及重庆市滑坡危险度区划研究

采用１２项评价因子,经过数学统计方法,按５级危险度分区标准对四川省和重庆市５６万Ｋｍ＾２的区域面积进行了滑坡危险度区划研究。分区结果得出：高危险度区（ＵＤ）计１４．６７万Ｋｍ＾２,中高危险度区（ＭＵＤ）计６．２５万Ｋｍ＾２,中危险度区（ＭＤ）计６．６６万Ｋｍ＾２,中低危险度区（ＭＵＤ）计１０．７７万Ｋｍ＾２,低危险度区（ＬＤ）计１８．５４Ｋｍ＾２。     

Characterization of heavy metal concentrations in the sediments of three freshwater rivers in Huludao City, Northeast China

Wuli River, Cishan River, and Lianshan River are three freshwater rivers flowing through Huludao City, in a region of northeast China strongly affected by industrialization. Contamination assessment has never been conducted in a comprehensive way. For the first time, the contamination of three rivers impacted by different sources in the same city was compared. This work investigated the distribution and sources of Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu in the surface sediments of Wuli River, Cishan River, and Lianshan River, and assessed heavy metal toxicity risk with the application of two different sets of Sediment Quality Guideline (SQG) indices (effect range low/effect range median values, ERL/ERM; and threshold effect level/probable effect level, TEL/PEL). Furthermore, this study used a toxic unit approach to compare and gauge the individual and combined metal contamination for Hg, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu. Results showed that Hg contamination in the sediments of Wuli River originated from previous sediment contamination of the chlor-alkali producing industry, and Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu contamination was mainly derived from atmospheric deposition and unknown small pollution sources. Heavy metal contamination to Cishan River sediments was mainly derived from Huludao Zinc Plant, while atmospheric deposition, sewage wastewater and unknown small pollution were the primary sources for Lianshan River. The potential acute toxicity in sediment of Wuli River may be primarily due to Hg contamination. Hg is the major toxicity contributor, accounting for 53.3-93.2%, 7.9-54.9% to total toxicity in Wuli River and Lianshan River, respectively, followed by Cd. In Cishan River, Cd is the major sediment toxicity contributor, however, accounting for 63.2-66.9% of total toxicity.     

Atmospheric transport of urban-derived NH(x): Evidence from nitrogen concentration and delta(15)N in epilithic mosses at Guiyang, SW China

Nitrogen concentration and δ¹⁵N in 175 epilithic moss samples were investigated along four directions from urban to rural sites in Guiyang, SW China. The spatial variations of moss N concentration and δ¹⁵N revealed that atmospheric N deposition is dominated by NH_x-N from two major sources (urban sewage NH₃ and agricultural NH₃), the deposition of urban-derived NH_x followed a point source pattern characterized by an exponential decline with distance from the urban center, while the agricultural-derived NH_x was shown to be a non-point source. The relationship between moss N concentration and distance (y = 1.5e^−0.13x + 1.26) indicated that the maximum transporting distance of urban-derived NH_x averaged 41 km from the urban center, and it could be determined from the relationship between moss δ¹⁵N and distance [y = 2.54 ln(x) − 12.227] that urban-derived NH_x was proportionally lower than agricultural-derived NH_x in N deposition at sites beyond 17.2 km from the urban center. Consequently, the variation of urban-derived NH_x with distance from the urban center could be modeled as y = 56.272e^−0.116x − 0.481 in the Guiyang area.