地面运动最大幅值、到时的差动特性

利用ＳＭＡＲＴ－１台阵３次地震的水平分量加速度记录统计了局部场地上地震动加速度最大幅值、到时的变化特性。统计结果表明：在局部场地上，地震动加速度的最大幅值随土层厚度和测点坐标的变化是显著的，而到时变化仅依赖于测点坐标     

生命线工程抗震可靠性分析

本文对作者在生命线工程抗震可靠性分析的分析准则、单体结构可靠度算法、系统可靠性评估和基于系统可靠性分析的优化设计等诸方面所作的工作进行了综述。     

依法做好地震应急是减轻地震灾害的关键环节

本文结合当前地震形势及地震灾害的突发性、社会性、广泛性，对《破坏性地震应急条例》作了阐述，进而论证了依法搞好地震应急总工作是减轻地震灾害的重要环节。     

用地下水资料探讨渭河盆地及周边地区地震形势

本文用陕、甘、宁、青的地下水前兆观测资料，运用异常系列方法的思路，研究了四省区中强地震的中期前兆指标，并进一步探讨了渭河盆地及周边的地震形势。     

中国核电厂场址地震危险性评定方法

在地震危险性概率方法应用的基础上,本文对影响核电厂场址地震危险性评定值的四个重要因素,诸如工作区潜在震源区的判定、地震活动性的时空非均匀性、地震动衰减关系及其衰减模型进行了讨论和改进,提出了一个核电厂场址地震危险性评定的方法。应用该法可提高核电厂场址地震危险性评定的可靠性和显著的经济效益。文中还讨论了地震构造法对核电厂场址地震危险性评定的应用。最后,应用本文提供的2种方法,对秦山核电厂场址进行了地震危险性评定,选取2种方法中的最大值即为核电厂场址地震危险性的评定值。     

埋地管道震害的多因素灰色关联分析

根据多次历史地震埋地管道震害调查资料的统计和定性分析，应用灰色系统理论，以管道震害率作为参考数列，以地震烈度、场地类型、管道材料、接口构造和管径尺寸作为比较数列，对埋地管道震害率进行了多因素灰色关联分析，排出了关联序．研究结果客观地揭示出震害率与各影响因素之间的相互关系，为进一步研究理地管道的震害预测方法提供了科学依据．     

区域水生态承载力多目标优化方法与例证

水生态承载力是指维系水生态系统健康状态下的人类活动阈值,揭示的是某一区域人类活动与水生态系统之间的耦合规律,可为水生态环境保护与经济社会的协调发展提供依据. 基于水生态承载力的概念,构建了区域水生态承载力指标体系,建立了区域水生态承载力多目标优化模型,采用模糊方法进行求解,并采用遗传投影寻踪方法对方案进行优选. 以浙江省湖州市为例进行实证分析,以污染物环境容量利用率作为情景方案设定的依据,分别设定了双指标(COD_Cr、NH₃-N)、三指标(COD_Cr、NH₃-N、TN)、四指标(COD_Cr、NH₃-N、TN、TP)3种控制方案. 结果表明,3种控制方案的优化结果均具有一定的可行性和合理性,并推荐四指标控制方案为优选方案. 四指标控制方案优化结果表明:2020年状态指标水环境容量利用率、生态用水比例分别为99.3%、59.1%;调控指标GDP增长速度、人口增长速度、城镇化率分别控制在7.4%、0.5%、70.3%以下,污水治理资金占GDP的比例为0.9%,第三产业比例为52.1%,化肥施用强度为251.0 kg/hm2;在此基础上,湖州市2020年可承载目标人口总量为350.0×104人,GDP为2 965.4×108元.      

21世纪的结构工程抗震减灾设计新模式——抗震性能设计理论简介

面向 2 1世纪减轻城市地震灾害研究的需求 ,建筑结构的标准与规范的研究显得十分重要。笔者对抗震性能设计理论作了简要介绍 ,并将《建筑抗震设计规范》(GBJ11- 89)及其 1998年 9月的征求意见稿中相关的内容作了对比 ,还对 2 1世纪的抗震设计模式进行了展望     

Enhanced seismic performance of non-standard bolted flange joints for petrochemical piping systems

This paper presents an experimental test campaign carried out on a number of seismically enhanced Bolted Flange Joints. In particular, two non-standard Bolted Flange Joints, comparatively thinner than standard ones, were designed and their performance was evaluated through several monotonic and cyclic tests. Experimental results exhibited a favourable performance of the examined joints under bending and axial loading and moderate internal pressure; a good capacity in terms of strength, ductility, energy dissipation and leakage was observed. A comparison between experimental results and Code-based design loads proved the usability of the proposed joints during and after Operating Basis Earthquake ground motions. Finally, a comparison between capacity and seismic demands of these joints adopted in a piping system of a realistic Case Study suggested their suitability for seismic applications as well as some building code deficiency with respect to response modification factors.     

The health effects and ecological significance of chlorine residuals in water

During the past several years, chlorine residuals and chlorinated organic compounds in drinking waters and aquatic environments have become a significant topic of study for scientists concerned about the quality of life in aquatic ecosystems as well as general public health. The effects of direct toxicity and/or carcinogenicity to human and aquatic life are the focal points for this concern.The effects of chloramines and chlorinated organic compounds present in the water distribution system after chlorination treatments are reviewed. Also discussed are the effects of chlorinated discharges from municipal secondary treatment plants and power plants on human health and aquatic life. The toxic significance of environmental chemicals are described.