新型固相萃取器用于污染水样中痕量杀虫剂的浓缩及热解吸气相色谱-质谱分析

1　IntroductionSolid phasemicro extraction (SPME)asasimpleandrapidextractiontechniqueiswidelyusedinvariousareasforextractingdiluteanalytesfromliquid ,gaseousandsolidsamplesbecauseofitshighextractionefficiency[1 ].Recently ,astirbarsorptiveextraction (SBSE…     

GC/MS测定环境空气中的糠醛

本文采用活性炭管对糠醛厂厂界空气中糠醛进行吸附,选用适当的有机溶剂进行解吸,运用气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)方法对空气中糠醛进行定性、定量分析。此方法适用于环境空气中糠醛的测定。     

Reaction of ortho-methoxybenzoic acid with the water disinfecting agents ozone, chlorine and sodium hypochlorite

Ozone, chlorine and sodium hypochlorite are commonly used as disinfecting agents for drinking water production. The reaction pathways of ozonation and chlorination of o-methoxybenzoic acid in aqueous solution were studied using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results show that less than 1% of o-methoxybenzoic acid remains in reaction. The final major products using ozone oxidation are oxalic and glyoxalic acids. Phenols appear only at insufficient ozone levels. Sodium hypochlorite leads to higher levels of primary products. Molecular chlorine leads to the formation of higher amounts of polychlorinated derivatives. Model experiments allow to propose schemes of o-methoxybenzoic acid transformation under the conditions simulating water treatment processes.     

Simpson—Golabi—Behmel syndrome: Disproportionate fetal overgrowth and elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein

Simpson—Golabi—Behmel (SGB) syndrome is an X-linked condition with pre- and postnatal overgrowth, characteristic facies, and visceral and skeletal anomalies. We report an affected male who presented at 16 weeks' gestation with elevated maternal serum α-fetoprotein (MSAFP). Fetal measurements at 20 and 31 weeks' gestation were disproportionate, with marked macrosomia but a low head to abdominal circumference ratio and normal femur length. Fetal overgrowth with elevated MSAFP may prove to be useful markers for the prenatal diagnosis of SGB syndrome.     

Seven microcystins from Microcystis waterbloom in Lake Dalai,China

Seven types of microcystins,isolated from Microcystis waterbloom in Lake Dalai, were characterized.The major toxins:MCYST-LR,MCYST-RR,[D-Asp³]MCYST-LR and [Dha⁷]MCYST-LR were identified by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),as compared with the authentic microcystins.The minor toxins:MCYST FR,[L-Mser⁷]MCYST-LR and an unknown MCYST which was most likely to be MCYST-(H₄)YR were identified with fritfast atom bombardment liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry(Frit-FAB LC/MS)and amino acid analysis.The toxigenic diversity in blue-green algae(cyanobacteria)was discussed.     

不同场所室内空气中主要有机污染物的定性分析

利用大气采样罐对不同场所如居室、汽车、超市的室内空气进行采样,利用预浓缩器将气体样品冷聚焦,并去除水和CO2,然后自动将样品导入气相色谱质谱,分析其中的主要有机污染物。结果表明,室内、轿车和超市内的有机污染物主要为苯系物、卤代烃、烷烃和酮类,它们大部分来自板材、涂料、皮革和装饰物等。该方法采样快速简单,分析操作中不需使用任何有机试剂,实验背景干扰少,定性分析准确。     

Volatile Organic Compounds in the Area of Madrid: A Chemometrical Approach

Multivariate techniques have been applied to the set of dataobtained after one year sampling of volatile organic compounds(VOCs), including volatile aldehydes in the area of Madrid inorder to evaluate the possible correspondence among groups ofanalysed compounds, as far as modelling of different emissionsources in relation to location and season. The measurements were carried out at four sites in Madrid, characteristic for urban and suburban areas. Additionally, as reference, a rural area 100 km far from the city was considered. Results of correlation analysis, factor and cluster analysis are presented.Higher correlations were found between variables related withtraffic emissions. Factor analysis results showed two mainsignificant variables related to anthropogenic and biogenicemissions respectively. In relation to cluster analysis, samples were grouped according to sampling site and seasonal variations.     

环境样品中多氯联苯分析的新进展

综述了环境中多氯联苯（ＰＣＢｓ）分析方法的新进展，阐述液液，液固萃取，精制富集待测物，色谱，色／质鉴定，对多维气相色谱改进ＰＣＢｓ分离，色谱／富里叶红外，保留指数区分ＰＣＢｓ异构件进行讨论。     

石墨炉原子化机理研究方法评述

评述了近年来石墨炉原子化机理研究中用得较多的研究方法,包括热力学方法、动力学方法、原子吸收光谱法、X射线衍射法、X射线光电子能谱法、俄歇电子能谱法、扫描电镜法、分子吸收光谱法和质谱法.每种方法均有其优缺点,综合运用多种研究方法,特别是理论研究与实验研究相结合,更好地阐明原子化机理.     

碱性微波提取-ICP/MS法测定土壤中六价铬

采用碱性微波提取法处理土壤样品,用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP/MS）法测定试样中的六价铬,以标准物质测定相对误差的绝对值作为试验指标建立正交模型,确定碱性微波消解的提取温度95 ℃、提取时间30 min、氯化镁用量005 g、提取液体积6 mL为最佳试验条件,采用He碰撞池技术和在线内标分别消除基体带来的质谱和非质谱干扰。条件优化后,方法检出限为0.10 mg/kg,实际样品6次测定结果的RSD分别为13.0%和5.7%,加标回收率为120%和106%。将该方法用于有证标准土壤样品的测定,测定结果均在标准值范围内。