洹河水中痕量有机污染物的研究

采用固相萃取技术 ,对洹河水中痕量有机物进行富集 ,大量的地表水被 C1 8键合相萃取后 ,洗脱液经干燥浓缩用于 GC和 GC/MS分析 ,鉴定出 64种有机物 ,并对苯系物、杂环类等 2 7种主要污染物作了定量测定 ,得出有机物的沿途变化规律。     

土壤和河流沉积物中六六六和滴滴涕残留的测定

采用密闭微波提取、超声波提取、索氏提取对土壤和河流沉积物进行前处理,提取液经弗罗里硅土柱净化或浓硫酸净化.通过回收率实验和精密度实验对三种提取方法和两种净化方法进行比较,建立了微波提取土壤和河流沉积物中六六六和滴滴涕,浓硫酸净化,气相色谱一质谱测定的分析方法,方法回收率在84%～110%之间,精密度(RSD)在2.8%～9.9%之间.采用该方法对阜阳市废弃农药厂周围的土壤和河流沉积物中六六六和滴滴涕进行了监测.     

G C/MS法测定环境空气中痕量POPs类有机氯农药及降解产物

采用快速溶剂萃取-氟罗里硅土柱净化-气相色谱/质谱联用法测定环境空气中POPs类有机氯农药及其降解产物.艾氏剂、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、六六六、滴滴涕,七氯、氯丹、灭蚁灵及其降解产物的检出限为2.0 ng～4.6 ng,空白加标回收率为62.1%～118%,RSD为6.8%～15.2%.     

固相萃取- GC/MS法测定水中邻苯二甲酸酯类

采用固相萃取-GC／MS法测定水中6种邻苯二甲酸酯类有机污染物,比较了不同固相萃取柱对萃取效果的影响,优化了水样pH值、水样流量、穿透体积、洗脱溶剂、洗脱剂体积、洗脱流量等萃取条件。方法在0．050μg/L-800μg/L范围内线性良好,检出限为0．008μg/L～0．03μg／L,标准溶液测定的RSD≤10．5％,实际水样加标回收率为80．0％-100％。     

Identification of Odor Causing Compounds in a Commercial Dairy Farm

The odorous air emissions from confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs), such as swine, poultry and dairy farms, are increasingly raising community complaints. Odorous emissions can result in health damages, psychological discomforts and adverse aesthetic effects in the community. However, these emissions are not well characterized up to now due to the lack of legislation, the limitations in sampling and instrumentation techniques, and the complexity of the emissions themselves. This study is aimed at the development of a high volume sampler and sorbent assembly to identify the odor causing compounds from a diary CAFO. The sorbent was custom designed to target the potential compounds that may exist in a dairy farm and was validated in laboratory with a synthetic odor from the swine manure. The actual samples at the diary farm were collected in spring and summer of 2005. The sorbents were solvent extracted and individual odor compounds were identified using GC–MS (gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy). The data obtained indicated that high volume sampling can shorten the sampling time from days to within 4 h. Both volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) have been identified from the dairy farm, such as phenol, methylphenol, 4-ethyl phenol, indole, methyl indole, benzyl alcohol, hexanoic acid, valeric acid and iso-valeric acid, together with some nitrogen containing compounds that have not been reported before.     

利用MALDI-TOF MS技术简便、快速检测水华蓝藻的方法研究

以水华蓝藻为研究对象,用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)技术对其进行测定分析并获得了蛋白质指纹图谱。对铜绿微囊藻标准株(NIES-843)样品通过3种前处理方法得到的质谱图进行对比,确定了质谱分析的样品前处理方法,建立了利用MALDI-TOF MS技术简便、快速检测水华蓝藻的方法。对在水华中出现的4种不同蓝藻进行MALDI-TOF MS分析,结果表明各种蓝藻具有其特征性波谱,可据此对水华蓝藻进行区分和鉴定。该方法快速、简便、精确、可程序化,具有广泛的应用前景。     

气相色谱—串联质谱法检测水中苯霜灵、甲霜灵、噁霜灵残留量

建立水中甲霜灵、苯霜灵、噁霜灵农药残留量的气相色谱—串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)的检测分析方法。样品采用乙腈提取、固相萃取(SPE)柱净化。采用GC-MS/MS分析时,三种农药在15 mim内完全分离并流出。添加浓度加标回收率为80.6%~88.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5.0%。在0.01~0.20 mg/L质量浓度范围之间线性关系良好(r~20.999 0)。该方法的灵敏度、精密度和准确度均满足农药残留分析要求,适用于水中的农药残留的快速筛查与定性、定量分析。     

HPLC和HPLC-MS/MS测定地表水中酚类化合物

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱联用法(HPLC-MS/MS)测定地表水及饮用水中11种酚类化合物,通过优化测定条件,使HPLC法在0.020 mg/L~50.0 mg/L范围内,HPLC-MS/MS法在0.500μg/L~250μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限分别为0.005μg/L~0.031μg/L和0.005μg/L~1.56μg/L。未检出的实际样品加标回收率分别为57.2%~96.7%和81.3%~113%,RSD分别为1.5%~5.3%和3.9%~17.7%。     

徐州市生活垃圾填埋场地下水典型金属污染物研究

在对徐州地区生活垃圾填埋场调查分析的基础上,根据填埋特征和地质状况选取4座典型填埋场为调查对象,采用ICP-MS对垃圾渗滤液及地下水中26种重金属进行监测分析。结果表明,在4个垃圾填埋场地下水及渗滤液中ρ(Sr)均相对较高(700μg/L);地下水中金属元素均正在以Ca,Mg为主向Na,Mg为主转化;地下水中Al,B质量浓度大小顺序为Y场(雁群)S场(睢宁)C场(翠屏山)P场(邳州);4个垃圾填埋场共同典型重金属污染物为Mn,Fe,Zn,Ba;除上述污染物外,Y场地下水潜在典型重金属污染物为Pb和Mo;S场为Mo和As;C场为Tl和Co;P场为As。     

DPX快速萃取程序升温大体积进样GC/MS法测定水中19种多溴联苯化合物

建立DPX快速吸附萃取、程序升温(PTV)大体积进样与气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)联用,SIM模式同时测定水中19种多溴联苯(PBBs)单体的方法。该方法在PBBs质量浓度1~50μg/L范围内线性良好,19种PBBs单体检出限为0.147~0.230μg/L,相对标准偏差为6.61%~10.5%,加标回收率为61.5%~82.6%。