盘锦市钻井废弃泥浆的污染现状及潜在的危害初探

通过对辽河油田产生泥浆的12家单位的无害化处理的钻井泥浆进行了采样,完成了泥浆样品的各项检验指标的分析测试,对数据进行了统计分析,掌握了废弃钻井泥浆的污染现状和污染特征。并对废弃泥浆进行了进一步的分析,探讨其潜在的危害,提出钻井泥浆防治措施。     

UASB-活性污泥法处理可乐废水

介绍了利用UASB-活性污泥法处理可乐废水的方法。工程运行结果表明,在进水COD,BOD,和SS的浓度分别为2800．0,1422．1和870．0mg／L时,经该工艺处理后,废水中的COD,BOD,和SS总去除率可分别达到98％,99.2％和94％以上,出水达到国家污水综合排放标准（GB8978-1996）一级标准：     

地方环境保护标准现状问题分析与对策研究

地方环境保护标准作为国家环境保护标准的补充和完善,在地方环境管理中发挥着重要的作用。然而,随着环境保护要求的不断提高、环境标准工作的逐渐完善,地方环境保护标准逐渐显现出发展相对滞后、缺乏及时有效修订机制及加严空间日趋紧缩等问题。本文通过系统研究地方环境保护标准工作的现状,提出解决上述问题、推动地方标准发展完善的对策和建议。     

德国循环经济起源和现状

德国发展循环经济堪称世界之最,其理论研究与实践独树一帜,本文通过对德国发展循环经济的背景和法律体系的研究,以德国双元回收系统（DSD）及包装废弃物回收、废复合包装分离及再生和废旧电器的再生情况为实例,具体而详细地介绍了德国循环经济起源和现状。     

黑龙江省饮用水水源地环境现状及污染防治对策研究

为了贯彻党中央、国务院的文件精神,保障人民群众饮用水安全,黑龙江省开展了饮用水源地基础环境调查与评估工作。调查结果表明,黑龙江省县级以上政府所在城镇共有178个饮用水源地,其中河流型18个,湖库型23个,地下水型137个。河流型和湖库型饮用水源地水质达标率为100％。地下水类型饮用水源地有50个未达标,占地下水类型水源地总数的36％。水源地保护区中工业废水排放量1755．43万吨／年,城镇生活废水排放量2999．66万吨/年,非点源废水排放量38618．46万吨／年。掌握了黑龙江省饮用水源地环境状况和污染状况,制定了不同类型饮用水源地的污染防治对策。推动了饮用水源保护工作的全面开展,提高了黑龙江省的饮用水安全保障水平。     

垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理研究进展

文章综述了垃圾填埋场渗滤液的研究情况,包括渗滤液的产生、危害、水质和水量、控制和处理,并提出了今后的研究方向,供从事此项研究的工作人员参考     

刍议医院资产管理的现状及其对策

医院的固定资产和流动资产是医院赖以生存和发展的基础,是一项非经营性国有资产．目前公立医院固定资产、流动资产管理现状不容乐观,针对这种状况,首先分析问题形成的原因,然后提出管理的措施或建议,从而使资产管理工作规范化、制度化、科学化,使有限的卫生资源发挥出最大的社会效益和经济效益．参3．     

Trading rules and the environment: Does equal treatment lead to a cleaner world?

In this paper, we consider a three-stage game in the context of a competing exporters model to compare and contrast the effects of discriminatory and uniform (Most Favored Nation, MFN) tariffs on countries’ choice over environmental standards for varying degrees of pollution spillovers. Because of the presence of punishment effects and stronger own and cross-tariff effects, we find that discrimination yields higher standards than MFN (and free trade) independently of the extent of pollution spillovers. When pollution is local and incentives to free ride on other countries’ abatement efforts are weak, we show, however, that welfare is larger under MFN than under discrimination. In a dynamic setting, we consider the impact of symmetric and asymmetric treatments on the sustainability of an international environmental agreement (IEA) and obtain that multilateral cooperation is easier to sustain under discrimination than under MFN (or free trade).     

Optimal Allocation of Resources among Threatened Species: a Project Prioritization Protocol

Abstract: Conservation funds are grossly inadequate to address the plight of threatened species. Government and conservation organizations faced with the task of conserving threatened species desperately need simple strategies for allocating limited resources. The academic literature dedicated to systematic priority setting usually recommends ranking species on several criteria, including level of endangerment and metrics of species value such as evolutionary distinctiveness, ecological importance, and social significance. These approaches ignore 2 crucial factors: the cost of management and the likelihood that the management will succeed. These oversights will result in misallocation of scarce conservation resources and possibly unnecessary losses. We devised a project prioritization protocol (PPP) to optimize resource allocation among New Zealand's threatened‐species projects, where costs, benefits (including species values), and the likelihood of management success were considered simultaneously. We compared the number of species managed and the expected benefits gained with 5 prioritization criteria: PPP with weightings based on species value; PPP with species weighted equally; management costs; species value; and threat status. We found that the rational use of cost and success information substantially increased the number of species managed, and prioritizing management projects according to species value or threat status in isolation was inefficient and resulted in fewer species managed. In addition, we found a clear trade‐off between funding management of a greater number of the most cost‐efficient and least risky projects and funding fewer projects to manage the species of higher value. Specifically, 11 of 32 species projects could be funded if projects were weighted by species value compared with 16 projects if projects were not weighted. This highlights the value of a transparent decision‐making process, which enables a careful consideration of trade‐offs. The use of PPP can substantially improve conservation outcomes for threatened species by increasing efficiency and ensuring transparency of management decisions.     

柴油机排气微粒组分及尺寸分布研究现状分析

对柴油机微粒的研究是控制微粒排放的前提,也是满足未来排放法规的需要。从柴油机微粒形成的机理及其危害出发,介绍了柴油机微粒的检测方法,对柴油机微粒的组成及尺寸分布研究现状进行分析。对柴油机微粒的控制和净化技术的研究有一定的指导作用。