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971.
简述了环境监测数据在环境执法中的证据效力,指出,环境监测数据作为环境执法依据和行政处罚证据时,应对监测机构资质、监测样品、分析方法、仪器设备、质控措施、监测记录及结果等进行有效性审核。结合案例,分析了环境监测资料中存在的问题和改进措施,提出,环境监测数据作为证据资料提交给法庭时,需要所有与此项监测工作有关的资料作为支撑,监测机构在提交监测数据之前必须进行严格的审核和把关,只有合法有效的环境监测数据才具备证据能力,真正服务于环境执法和环境管理。 相似文献
972.
Christopher M. Love Author Vitae Author Vitae Joshua J. Knabb Author Vitae Author Vitae David W. Brokaw Author Vitae 《Journal of Safety Research》2008,39(5):535-545
Introduction
Mental health professionals are gatekeepers of patient confidentiality. Yet, confidentiality held too strictly, by allowing a potentially dangerous driver to assume control of a car, endangers society. Recent court cases have mandated that mental health professionals must warn those who may be potentially harmed by patients. In spite of this, disagreements linger as to whether it is the responsibility of governmental agencies or mental health professionals to decide who is unfit to operate a vehicle because of cognitive impairment. Methods: This article addresses the legally relevant considerations when working with cognitively compromised individuals who operate a motor vehicle. Legal issues surrounding confidentiality, patient rights, foreseeable risk, and the duty to warn and protect are presented in order to understand their relationship to recent court rulings.Impact on industry
The impact on the mental health care industry includes not only concerns about increased insurance premiums or costs due to alleged negligence or litigation expenses secondary to failure to ensure the safety of an impaired client under their care. Mental health care providers are aware that the welfare of clients with impairment to cognitive decision making ability may require unique considerations for safety such as ensuring safe and appropriate transportation. 相似文献973.
International comparisons of the frequency of occupational accidents are rare because figures reported by each country are influenced by factors other than differences in the occurrence of actual accidents. In this study, we performed an international comparison of occupational accidents which distinguishes between fatal cases and all reported accidents, in order to control for the effects of other factors in accident reporting. Annual data on the numbers of fatal and non-fatal occupational accidents in member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) between 1993 and 1998 were obtained from the Labour Statistics Database, which is operated by the International Labour Organization (ILO). The average incidence of all accidents across OECD countries ranged from 17 to 4608 per 100,000 persons in the labor force, whereas the incidence of fatal accidents across OECD countries ranged from 1 to 12 per 100,000 persons in the labor force. Lethality rates per 10,000 total accident cases ranged from 9 (Germany) to 3252 (Turkey). When comparing countries using the same statistical definition of accidents, three or more absence days, the difference in lethality of reported accidents within the same industrial sector is reduced to a sixfold difference (49 for the United Kingdom versus 333 for Ireland). Furthermore, the difference in lethality decreased to about twofold (18 for Spain versus 35 for Czech Republic) in the group using definitions with a criteria of one absent day. The results suggest that reported differences in lethality can reflect artificial administrative factors rather than the harmful factors that cause actual occupational accidents. To make more valid comparison of occupational accident between countries, harmonization of accident statistics is required. 相似文献
974.
660家企业实施安全评价工作绩效现状分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对16个行业的660家生产经营单位的调研,依据安全评价前企业的安全状况,安全评价过程中企业对项目厂址选择、工艺方案调整情况、企业对提出的对策措施的整改情况,安全评价后企业在安全设施、安全管理水平、事故发生频率等方面的改进情况,得出企业实施安全评价工作后的实际绩效,并指出目前企业安全评价工作存在的一些问题。同时,针对所存在的问题提出合理而可行的对策措施。 相似文献
975.
Neda A. Zawahri 《Natural resources forum》2008,32(4):280-289
To understand a state's incentives to invest in conflict or cooperation over their international rivers, this paper argues that it is necessary to appreciate the relationships a river can create and the national security threat riparians may confront. Rivers impose interdependent and vulnerable relationships, which can compromise a state's ability to respond effectively to floods and droughts, meet its domestic food and energy needs, dredge the river, maintain its drainage systems, and allocate its domestic water budget. The inability to accomplish these tasks can contribute to social, economic, and political losses that may threaten a state's territorial integrity. Regardless of whether a state is upstream or downstream, from these relationships it acquires leverage to manipulate the interdependence and vulnerability to inflict losses on its riparian neighbour. This argument challenges several assumptions within the existing literature, including the belief that a shortage of freshwater is the initial force producing a national security threat and that an upstream–downstream river bequeaths all advantages on the upstream state and leaves the downstream state purely dependent. As the paper shows, riparians confront a more complex relationship than captured by the existing literature. 相似文献
976.
苏南水网地区农田钾素资源概况及潜力 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
苏南水网地区,土壤供钾潜力较低,加之复种指数较,雨水过多,土壤钾素匮缺严重,其中因径流和渗漏损失的钾素养分占钾肥施入量的54.4%。而我国钾矿资源贫四肥的生产量还不到需要量的1/10,随着作物产量的提高和农产品品质的改善,作物的需钾量将渐增大,因此,单纯依靠钾肥来满足作物对钾素日益增长的需要是远远不够的,迫切需要开发利用富钾资源以缓解钾素的供需矛盾。苏南水网地区的水资源,秸秆,绿肥,塘泥等均为丰富 相似文献
977.
978.
基于灰色聚类方法的湖泊营养状态综合评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
潘炜 《环境监测管理与技术》2014,26(6):35-38
将湖泊水体的营养状态看作一个灰色系统,建立用于识别湖泊营养状态属性的灰色聚类综合评价模型,将水质级别作为一个灰类,水质状态作为灰色变量,根据灰色白化权函数聚类方法来确定水体营养状况归类。以太湖为例,基于分布全湖的20个监测点数据,运用灰色聚类法对其进行富营养状态综合评价,结果表明,监测时段太湖大部分水体基本处于中营养水平,局部湖面达到中度富营养状态,客观地反映了太湖湖区水体营养状况。 相似文献
979.
980.
工业废水急性毒性污染的监测,以鱼类毒性试验的应用最为普及。与毒性达标控制的监测监管相比,毒性现状测定更有助于支持毒性污染预警监管的实施。通过对已知物质毒性试验结果的多次验证,证实由鱼类种类决定的方法检出限、实验中使用鱼类的种类形式、同种试验鱼的不同来源和依照"预实验"线性对现状进行的反推等4方面因素中除试验鱼的来源问题外,其余3因素已构成了对实验结果的决定性影响。3种宏观质量影响因素中,反推影响更难于实施质量控制。以现状表述为主要目标的毒性试验应尽可能回避稀释过程。 相似文献