浅析ISO140001环境管理体系的优势

ISO14001环境管理体系标准提供了一个科学完整的管理体系,它能够与企业实际有机结合,具有很强的操作性,与传统的管理方式相比,有明显的优势.     

An analysis of the implementation of an environmental management system in a local public administration

The Environmental Management System (EMS) is commonly implemented in private firms. However, on the basis of a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis, our work analyzes the consequences of implementing an EMS within the context of local public administrations, particularly regarding the City Council of Ohanes in Almería (Spain). This is the first European corporation to implement an EMS according to the ISO 14001 Standard, certified by the Spanish Association of Normalization and Certification. Its analysis would be equivalent to the Shumpeterian "market innovator study", so that public administration "followers" can take advantage of the derived benefits and of minimizing the negative effects of such an experience. On the other hand, we show that the economic and environmental advantages derived from the EMS go beyond the activities that the City Council is in charge of. They have spillover effects that extend them to all economic activities in the municipality and these effects are expected to be increased in the medium and long-term perspective. In this paper, we compare the costs and benefits that the municipality obtains in two cases: the City Council implements the EMS or it does not implement it. The main objective of this article is to show the economic and environmental advantages obtained by a municipality when it is only the City Council who is implementing an EMS. It is logical to suppose that this case study can stimulate other municipalities to use this instrument, even if the economic and environmental characteristics of the municipality are different.     

高可视性服装标准ISO 20471：2013简介及应对策略

高可视服装国际标准ISO 20471：2013正式生效,该标准规定了警示服的设计和材料的性能要求,以保证使用者在高风险环境中的日间夜间条件下的可视性。该标准相对于曾经执行的标准EN 471：2003＋A1：2007进行了多处修改和调整,了解这些标准中的变化对于出口欧盟等国家的成衣制造商应对服装的设计和材料的要求将有非常好的借鉴意义。     

我国应关注ISO呼吸防护的标准化工作

本文介绍了国际标准化组织（ISO）正在开展的呼吸器标准化工作的情况,包括参与国家信息和工作分工情况,以及ISO呼吸器标准体系、产品分类、标准项目信息、产出、进展和进度,分析了ISO标准在未来对全球呼吸防护计数和产品市场发展的影响,并呼吁中国尽早采取主动行动参与其中,争取获得更多的话语权和掌握未来产品技术发展方向的主动权。     

Is a voluntary approach an effective environmental policy instrument?: A case for environmental management systems

Using Japanese facility-level data from an OECD survey, we estimate the effects of implementation of ISO14001 and publication of environmental reports on the facilities’ environmental performance. While most previous studies focused on an index of emissions toxicity, this study examines three areas of impacts, none of which have been explored in the literature: natural resource use, solid waste generation, and wastewater effluent. The study is also unique in that the effectiveness of ISO14001 is considered in relation to environmental regulations. Our findings are summarized as follows. First, both ISO14001 and report publication help reduce all three impacts; the former appears more effective in all areas except wastewater. Second, environmental regulations do not weaken the effect of ISO14001. Third, assistance programs offered by local governments—a voluntary approach—promote facilities’ adoption of ISO14001. These findings suggest that governments can use command-and-control and voluntary approaches concurrently.     

ISO14000系列环境管理标准与国家环境法规

ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理标准的核心是其管理体系原则和要求，它协助和指导各组织建立各自的环境管理体系（ＥＭＳ）。环境法的法律形式颁行，是每个组织应满足的最基本要求，ＩＳＯ１４０００标准则以消费行为为根本动力，通过市场来体现。前者设置了绝对量，而后者则依赖各组织自身的环境状况，特别是ＩＳＯ１４０００标准具有强调过程的特点，要求管理过程程序化、文件化，与国家环境法相一致，因而两者是统一的、密不可分的。     

清洁生产与ISO14000系列标准的关系

通过清洁生产、ISO14000系列标准概念的介绍,论述这二者之间的密切关系,并阐明进行清洁生产要与ISO14000整合,以节约人力、物力、财力的观点。     

从ISO14000的实施论清洁生产的市场机制

在回顾市场机制在ISO14000标准成功实施中的作用基础上,对我国清洁生产推动中市场机制的缺乏而影响清洁生产的实施效果进行了反思,提出了基于市场的清洁生产推动机制的设想。     

实施ISO14000标准促进绿色行政和可持续发展

政府推行ISO14000标准，实施“绿色行政”，不仅能提高政府环境管理的水平，而且可以极大的提高政府的形象，并通过制定科学的、符合生态规律的发展规划，采取切实可行的、对环境友好的技术管理措施，达到保护生态环境、自然资源、实现可持续发展战略的目的。为了适应加入WTO的需要，实现环境管理和国际接轨，带动更多的企事业单位向科学的环境管理模式迈进，在政府开展ISO14000，实施“绿色行政”方面作了有益的探索。     

中图法(第四版)环境科学类目修改问题初探

中图法(第四版)自1999年出版以来,环境科学发生了突飞猛进的变化,因此应着手修改,建议如下:环境科学类目不应包括灾害及其防治,集中可持续发展类目并单列,生态保护类目应单列,增设循环经济类目,环境管理类目中增设ISO14000环境管理体系等等.