钢渣中磁性矿物的赋存特性对分选效果的影响研究

对新余钢铁公司0～10 mm的细粒钢渣干式磁选分离所得到的产品进行扫描电镜检测、分析,找出了影响细粒钢渣干式磁选指标难以得到提高的原因,用于指导生产实践。研究结果表明:钢渣在干式磁选过程中,包裹有微细粒的金属铁或与金属铁连生的浮氏体以及具有一定磁性的铁酸盐容易进入磁性分离物中,这些物质自身铁品位较低,从而造成了磁性分离物中铁品位的降低。     

不锈钢电炉烟气冷却与除尘工程实践

介绍了不锈钢电炉烟气的冷却降温方法设计参数,技术特点以及除尘系统的组成、每种设备的规格性能,特别是对脉冲除尘器做了详细阐述。对不锈钢电炉除尘工程的设计、管理,具有参考和借鉴作用。     

Suitability of various chemically prepared activated carbons for the removal of copper(II) ions

Studies on the suitability of various chemically prepared activated carbons (CPACs) like straw carbon (SC), sawdust carbon (SDC), dates nut carbon (DNC) and commercial activated carbon (CAC) for the removal of copper(II) ions by adsorption from simulated wastewater have been carried out under batch mode at 30?±?1°C and the results are compared. The percentage removal of Cu(II) ions increased with a decrease in initial concentration, particle size and added electrolytes (ionic strength) and increased with an increase in contact time, dose of adsorbent and initial pH of the solution. The adsorption data were fitted with the Langmuir isotherm. The applicability of the first order kinetic equation viz. Lagergren equation was tested by correlation analysis. The adsorption process is concluded to be a spontaneous, first order reaction, occurring with increased randomness at the solid–liquid interface. Studies on the desorption of Cu²⁺-loaded activated carbons (ACs) were carried out with nitric acid (0.2–1?N). The possibility of reuse of the regenerated ACs in cycle (in cue-one after another) was tested. SC was found to be a suitable adsorbent alternative to CAC among CPACs for the removal of metal ions, in general, and Cu²⁺ ions, in particular.     

Cd,Pb, and Cu in water and sediments and their bioaccumulation in freshwater fish of some lakes in Hanoi,Vietnam

The seasonal variations of Cd, Pb, and Cu in the water, sediments, and freshwater fish (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Cirrhinus molitorella, and Oreochromis mossambicus) of four lakes in Hanoi, Vietnam, were investigated. Samples for analysis were taken four times from April 2010 to March 2011. The levels in water were lower than the Vietnamese standards, except for Pb, but they were all much higher than the Canadian standards for protection of aquatic life; in the sediments, they were higher than world average levels. Bioaccumulation of the three metals in fish was site-dependent and species-dependent, but correlations of their levels in fish to those in water and sediments were weak. Levels of Pb in fish exceeded those of the UK and the WHO standards, and the recommended values of Vietnam for human consumption. Overall, the results show that the lakes are polluted with these metals, and consumption of high quantities of fish from them may be problematic. The outcome of this research helps to establish background data for future monitoring.     

铜与锌对香樟、广玉兰及榉树生理生化特性的复合影响

为了解土壤中铜（Cu）与锌（Zn）对不同乔木抗氧化系统的复合影响及植物生态修复土壤cu和Zn复合污染的生理生化基础,以香樟（Cinnamomumcamphora）、广玉兰（Magnolia grandiflora）和榉树（Zelkovaschneideriana）3种乔木为实验材料,采用土培盆栽方法,研究单-Cu2＋（75mg·L-1）溶液和单一Zn2＋（210mg·L-1）溶液及两者复合溶液污灌对香樟、广玉兰和榉树叶片丙二醛（MDA）含量、脯氨酸（Pro）含量、过氧化物酶（POD）活性和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的动态影响。结果表明,Zn2＋／t~用下3种乔木MDA含量升高,Cu2＋作用下MDA含量降低,Zn2＋和Cu2＋复合作用下3种乔木MDA含量低于Zn2＋作用,即210mg-L。Zn2＋对3种乔木生长的毒害作用比75mg·L。Cu2＋明显,两者复合作用使Zn2＋的伤害作用减轻。随胁迫时间延长,香樟POD和CAT活性增加,MDA含量和Pro含量减少。广玉兰细胞活性氧代谢失衡,POD活性和CAT活性急剧上升,第7天时分别达到1243．89％和300．00％（单一Cu2＋’）、149．22％和60．00％（单一Zn2＋）、653．96％和170．00％（Cu2＋和Zn2＋复合作用）。榉树无法承受高浓度Cu2＋和Zn2＋伤害而死亡。综合考虑,Zn2＋对3种乔木伤害严重,Cu2＋在诱导POD和CAT活性过程中与zn2＋存在拮抗作用,香樟对重金属Cu2＋和zn2＋的耐性最强。     

槲皮素修饰玻碳电极(Qu/GCE)的制备及铜离子-牛血清白蛋白结合反应机制研究

通过滴涂法制备槲皮素修饰玻碳电极(Qu/GCE,Quercetin/Glassy Carbon Electrode),并对修饰电极进行电化学性能表征;利用槲皮素修饰电极研究了Cu2+离子与牛血清白蛋白(BSA,Bovine Serum Albumin)的结合反应机制.循环伏安法测试结果显示该修饰电极具有准可逆氧化还原反应;将槲皮素修饰电极应用于测试重金属离子-血清白蛋白的结合反应机制,在pH 5.0 HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液体系中,使用槲皮素修饰电极测定Cu2+-BSA相互作用,显示出良好的线性响应关系.根据文献报道结合实验数据,本文建议了结合参数计算理论方程,并利用建议的理论方程计算了Cu2+-BSA的结合常数及结合位点数,相关研究结果可为槲皮素修饰电极研究非共价相互作用提供有益参考.     

Cu2+对羽摇蚊幼虫(Chironomus plumosus)口器致畸作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响

采用静水生物测试法研究Cu2+对羽摇蚊幼虫的急性毒性效应.设定0.005、0.010和0.020g·L-1 3个Cu2+浓度梯度进行急性暴露试验,分别于试验24、48、72和96h时测定摇蚊幼虫组织匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽-S转移酶(GST)的活性.结果表明,Cu2+对羽摇蚊幼虫体组织CAT和SOD有明显影响,表现出剂量-效应关系.GST活性在暴露72h后表现为受诱导作用(P＜0.05),并在96h时达到最高值(P＜0.01).对经0.005、0.010和0.020g·L-1 3个Cu2+浓度梯度刺激7d后摇蚊幼虫的口器致畸情况的研究结果表明,致畸率与Cu2+暴露浓度之间呈显著正相关关系(P＜0.05).     

文蛤养殖水体中重金属Cu的安全限量值研究

通过引入沉积物因子,构建海水-底泥-生物体体系,应用半静态双箱动力学模型在室内模拟了沉积物暴露条件下文蛤(Meretrix meretrix)对重金属Cu的生物富集实验。通过对富集与排出过程中文蛤体内重金属Cu的动态监测和监测结果的非线性拟合,得到了文蛤富集Cu的动力学参数:吸收速率常数k1为71.18、排出速率常数k2为0.03,生物富集系数(bioconcen-tration factors,BCF)平均值为4283.86。对模型的拟合优度检验结果显示,沉积物暴露条件下文蛤对重金属Cu的生物富集数据符合双箱模型。根据双箱动力学模型推算出来的文蛤养殖水体中Cu的安全限量值为0.017mg·L-1。实验结果表明,沉积物暴露条件下双箱动力学模型在一定条件下是可以应用于文蛤富集动力学研究的。通过对比室内模拟实验与实地调查所得BCF发现本研究得出的Cu的安全限量值略高于现有标准。     

汉麻粉体/PVDF共混膜的制备、表征及对Cu~(2+)吸附性能研究

采用浸没沉淀法,制备了汉麻粉体/PVDF混合平板膜,分别采用扫描电镜、孔隙率、机械性能测试对膜结构和性能进行表征,探究汉麻粉体对膜结构性能的影响。结果表明:膜结构为指状多孔膜,随着汉麻粉体含量的增加,从断面结构可见,脆性增加,断面整齐,指状孔明显,膜的孔径有先增大、后减小的趋势;表征结果表明膜的孔隙率有提高的趋势;承受最大载荷增加,断裂伸长率下降。汉麻粉体膜制备完成后,采用静态吸附法进行吸附试验,分别探讨了温度、粉体含量、铜离子的初始浓度对吸附效果的影响。结果表明:汉麻粉体膜对铜离子的吸附,当温度为25℃时,吸附量与吸附率最佳;随着粉体含量的增加,吸附量与吸附率先减小、后增大的趋势。初始浓度的影响较为显著,随着初始浓度的增加,吸附量与吸附率也随之增加。     

转炉钢渣热闷循环水水质稳定技术研究

由于转炉钢渣热闷循环水具有"高水温、高硬度、高碱度、高pH和高蒸发"的工艺特点,系统出现了严重的结垢问题。探讨采用CO2处理钢渣热闷循环水达到水质稳定的可行性。结果表明:采用液态CO2,穿孔管曝气器,平流沉淀池作为主要的反应工艺,控制pH在8.5～10.0之间,可以使出水总硬降到150 mg/L(以CaCO3计)以下,结垢现象得到明显的缓解。