Plastic buckling,wrinkling and collapse behaviour of dented X80 steel line pipes under axial compression

High strength steel pipes have found increasing applications in deep high pressure offshore oil/gas lines. Damages in the form of dent are among common causes of pipeline failure. Indentation, plastic buckling and residual strength of dented normal grade steel pipes under bending, axial and combined loading have previously been addressed by a number of researchers. The plastic buckling and collapse of dented high grades steel line pipes, however, have received less previous attentions.In the current study an experimental model testing was used to evaluate the residual strength of dented X80 steel pipes under monotonic axial compression. The tubular specimens were first laterally dented by an indentor while resting on a saddle shape support. The specimens were then examined under axial compression to study the dent effects on their collapse behaviour. Numerical simulations were also used to analyse the effect of the indentor ratio, shape and alignment on the residual strength of dented steel tubes under monotonic axial compression. The results from the current study on high strength steels were also compared with semi-empirical equations available in the literature for low strength steels. It was found that these equations provide reasonable predictions for the axial residual capacity of the high strength steel pipes when the dent depths are small. With deep dents, however, they considerably underestimate the axial residual capacity of the high strength steel pipes.     

薄壁钢-轻质混凝土组合楼板的受火后力学性能及评估模型研究

对5块内置钢骨架的轻集料混凝土组合楼板在火灾后的受力性能进行了试验研究,并基于试验结果给出了火灾后组合楼板综合承载力的评估模型。结果表明,该组合楼板在火灾作用后仍具有较高的剩余承载力和整体刚度,其主要影响参数包括轻骨料混凝土预制板中的配筋数量、受火时的荷载分布方式与荷载值以及火灾升温后所采用的冷却方式。受火时组合楼板试件中钢骨架主、次构件正上方的混凝土表面首先出现裂缝,且火灾后加载时进一步发展。火灾下均匀堆载的组合楼板试件的名义刚度较局部堆载的试件刚度提高18.5%;采用人工喷淋冷却方式较之自然冷却,其火灾后组合楼板试件静载试验的残余位移增大23.9%;所建立的综合指标模型可用于评估火灾后组合楼板试件的综合承载力。     

熔融钢渣池式热闷在新余钢铁钢渣处理中的应用

介绍了钢渣池式热闷新工艺应用于新余钢铁集团钢渣处理工程的情况,并将其与原有钢渣处理工艺在处理效果上相对比,发现应用钢渣热闷处理工艺,最大限度地消除钢渣的不稳定因素并实现金属铁与其他连生体的充分解离和尾渣充分利用是钢渣资源化处理利用的最佳途径,采用钢渣热闷处理工艺后钢渣产品中渣钢品位在85%以上,磁选粉铁品位达到40%以上,尾渣铁品位降至1.6%,钢渣中f-CaO含量小于3%,且钢渣粉化效果较好,满足用于生产钢渣微粉的原料要求,为钢渣的资源化利用提供了良好的前提条件。     

Cu~(2+)离子与蛋白质混合体系相互作用机制研究

应用荧光光谱法研究Cu2+离子与血清蛋白质混合组份体系的结合反应机制,测定了反应体系的结合常数K、结合位点数n,探讨了荧光猝灭机理。同时探索了Cu2+与蛋白质混合组份体系及单一组份体系相互作用的差异。结果表明:混合组份体系中,牛血清白蛋白(Bovine serum albumin,BSA)与牛乳铁蛋白(Bovine lactoferrin,BLF)分子间也存在着相互作用,从而影响混合组份体系中BSA/BLF与Cu2+的相互作用,Cu2+与蛋白质混合组份体系相互作用并非蛋白质单组份体系作用之和。分析实验数据,首次发现当BSA/BLF达到临界比值时,金属离子与混合蛋白质组份相互作用过程中出现了蛋白质分子的"契合"现象。文章利用生物酶反应机制中的酶活性部位柔性假说合理解释了Cu2+与血清蛋白质混合组份体系相互作用中的"量敏效应"。     

湿热环境中汽车板表面腐蚀萌生与表面轮廓特征的关系

目的探究储运过程中深冲用汽车板表面轮廓对其耐蚀性能的影响。方法在模拟的高温高湿腐蚀环境中研究两类无间隙原子钢在其腐蚀初期表面锈点的萌生规律,并采用白光干涉轮廓仪对钢板的表面形貌特征进行表征,探究影响储运过程中汽车板耐蚀性能的表面状态因素。结果仅通过平均粗糙度Sa的差异无法区分具有不同表面轮廓特征的汽车板,因此也无法使用平均粗糙度参数Sa预估汽车板的耐蚀性能。在锈点萌生初期,汽车板表面轮廓的最大高度Sz和最大峰高Sp值的大小直接影响表面电化学活性。在锈点扩展阶段,汽车板表面波峰聚集程度的作用对锈点扩展的影响更为显著。结论 Sz和Sp越大,锈点萌生的速度越快;波峰聚集程度越高,锈点扩展速度越快。该研究结果为提高钢板表面耐蚀性能提供了一条新的思路。     

Cu在黑土中形态特性分析及施用有机肥的影响

通过小麦盆栽试验研究了黑土中Cu的分布特征、动态变化及有机肥施用的影响.结果表明,无论外源Cu添加量高或低,土壤中Cu的形态均主要以可氧化态为主,所占比例为40.4%～65.0%.随着外源Cu添加量的增加,弱酸溶解态Cu所占比例稍有增加,可还原态Cu含量及其所占比例均显著增加,残渣态Cu所占比例显著降低,可见外源Cu添加量的增加能提高土壤中Cu的生物有效性.与2009年相比,黑土中弱酸溶解态Cu的分配比例在2010年迅速下降,而残渣态Cu的比例显著上升,表明随着时间的变化Cu的稳定化作用不断加强,生物有效性降低.1%有机肥施用明显降低了Cu的移动性,弱酸溶解态Cu的下降幅度和残渣态Cu的上升幅度都明显增大.低剂量Cu(<200mg·kg-1)可促进小麦的生长,使其生物量增加,但高剂量Cu(高于600mg·kg-1)对小麦有显著的毒害作用.且当Cu添加量很高时,小麦对Cu的吸收量在2010年高于2009年,表明Cu在黑土中的短期稳定作用对Cu的生物有效性和作物吸收并未产生显著影响.     

绿化植物废弃物对Cu和Pb在土柱中分布的影响

文章在参考上海近年来平均降水量的基础上,通过室内模拟实验将污染土壤修复措施与其淋溶特性相结合,选取华东地区典型的灰潮土土壤进行了绿化植物废弃物对重金属Cu和Pb在土柱中分布影响的研究。初步结果显示,灰潮土覆盖绿化植物废弃物处理Cu和Pb的含量在0~5 cm层土壤中较对照处理高,且有覆盖量越大其Cu和Pb含量越高的趋势;而土壤与10 cm、20 cm厚绿化植物废弃物相混合的处理Cu和Pb含量在0~5 cm层Cu和Pb的含量较对照处理低,而分别在5~10 cm土层、10~20 cm土层中含量较高。     

Target the neglected VOCs emission from iron and steel industry in China for air quality improvement

● Haze formation in China is highly correlated with iron and steel industry. ● VOCs generated in sinter process were neglected under current emission standard. ● Co-elimination removal of sinter flue gas complex pollutants are timely needed. Recent years have witnessed significant improvement in China’s air quality. Strict environmental protection measures have led to significant decreases in sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NO_x), and particulate matter (PM) emissions since 2013. But there is no denying that the air quality in 135 cities is inferior to reaching the Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB 3095–2012) in 2020. In terms of temporal, geographic, and historical aspects, we have analyzed the potential connections between China’s air quality and the iron and steel industry. The non-target volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from iron and steel industry, especially from the iron ore sinter process, may be an underappreciated index imposing a negative effect on the surrounding areas of China. Therefore, we appeal the authorities to pay more attention on VOCs emission from the iron and steel industry and establish new environmental standards. And different iron steel flue gas pollutants will be eliminated concurrently with the promotion and application of new technology.     

昆明市西山土壤—菊科植物系统铜锌分布特征研究

论述了昆明市西山土壤－菊科植物系统铜、锌分布特征。利用统计分析及吸收系数等参数,定量描述了植物、土壤中铜、锌含量水平,描述了植物对土壤中铜、锌的吸收及富集能力。结果表明：昆明西山受试菊科植物中除风毛菊外,其余１３种植物对铜表现出相对于铁的稀释作用。斑鸠菊、棉毛挖耳草、风毛菊和滇川还阳参等４种植物对锌表现出富集作用,其余１０种表现出稀释作用。     

钢铁工业发展循环经济的基本途径探讨

分析了钢铁工业循环经济的基本特征,着重探讨了钢铁工业发展循环经济的基本途径,其中包括：最大限度地降低自然资源消耗,采用成熟技术提高二次能源利用效率,降低能耗,节约水资源,把固体废物资源化利用,尽可能减少污染物的发生量,努力发展工程科技,开发钢铁工业和其它行业的绿色新流程。