政府环境监管与企业最优环境策略的博弈

随着我国经济的快速发展,伴随而来的是日趋严峻的环境污染,而在政府环境监管的背景下,各个利益相关者之间的博弈在环保效果实施中发挥了很大的作用。利用博弈论的分析方法,建立了一个关于中央政府、地方政府和企业三个利益相关者之间的利益博弈模型,通过对该模型的求解得出三方的平衡状态。最后针对如何实现政府高效监管和企业最优环境策略,向博弈三方共同努力推动社会经济可持续发展提供了相关政策建议。     

Local governance of greenhouse gas emissions from air travel

Global greenhouse gas emissions from air travel (GHG-A) are on the rise, and projections point towards a rapid growth in the coming decades. This study aims to examine how local government (cities), addresses GHG-A in their Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAP). To fulfil this aim, over 200 SEAPs were analysed focusing on three issues: (1) Treatment of GHG-A in local emissions inventories; (2) Policy initiatives within this domain; and (3) The cities’ perceptions of the conflicts of interests. Results showed that more than half of the cities acknowledge the challenge of GHG-A, around one third include GHG-A in their emissions inventories, and more than one quarter have initiated policy interventions. To categorise these interventions, we have added a mode ‘governing by agenda setting’ to an existing analytical framework, ‘Modes of governing’. With their authority limited to the local setting, this mode of governing is a common channel for cities to push changes at higher levels.     

A responsibility–accountability framework for private sector use of a World Heritage Area

The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is a natural asset of global significance, spanning 2600?km’s along the Australian coastline. On the southern tip of the GBR is the Gladstone region, where high levels of industrial activity have been juxtaposed with the natural wonder, and World Heritage Listed, GBR. Given these competing local priorities, this research explores local perceptions of the GBR and its management. Exploratory analysis of 38 interviews with residents and stakeholders from Gladstone revealed a potential incongruence between environmental concern and support for more stringent management of the tourism and resources sectors on the GBR. A responsibility–accountability framework (RAF) for managing the use and protection of the GBR is developed by drawing on current theoretical frameworks and the results of the interviews. Importantly the framework highlights the importance of business responsibility combined with monitoring and control mechanisms to ensure accountability and to deliver transparency, education and partnership. Future research should apply the RAF for testing and application in other marine World Heritage Area contexts.     

美日臭氧污染问题及治理经验借鉴研究

以臭氧(O_3)为主要成分的"光化学氧化剂"是光化学烟雾的真身。臭氧污染受臭氧前体物排放及其复杂的相互转化关系控制,导致臭氧污染问题在治理过程中具有高度的复杂性和反复性,甚至成为全球性环境难题。我国城市群臭氧污染问题继PM2.5污染后日趋突出,本文探讨和总结了美国洛杉矶、日本东京等大都市在污染治理方面的经验,以期为我国构建更加全面、科学、系统的治理体系推进臭氧污染防治工作提供借鉴。     

用国际可持续发展研究的新成果和通用语言解读生态文明

本文用国际可持续发展研究的新成果和国际通用语言解读生态文明,从理论、战略、治理三个方面进行探索性的讨论,提出深化生态文明的思考和建言。首先,从对象、过程、主体三个维度概述最近十年国际可持续发展研究的重要新成果新思想,指出其对理解和深化生态文明可能有的启示。其次,基于生态文明是经济社会发展与资源环境消耗脱钩的新认识,对中国未来从2020到2050年生态文明建设的情景、路径与策略做出战略层面的分析与研讨。最后,提出后2020五年规划编制中加强面向生态文明的合作治理的建议,包括深耕包含模型、加强政府间的合作和整合、加强公私间的界面管理、鼓励公民参与和培育生态文明的新伦理新人格等。     

“十四五”时期污染物总量控制的挑战、需求与应对研究

"十四五"时期是进一步巩固和提升环境质量改善成果、切实改善人民群众生存环境的关键时期。展望"十四五",应从发展的视角看总量控制与环境质量控制所面临的问题与困难,在考虑历史因素的基础上兼顾地区间的公平与效率,切实发挥环境管理对高质量发展的推动作用,迈向"环境质量导向的总量控制"。要落实改进总量控制和质量控制效果的新举措,进一步推动建立环境质量与总量控制的量化联动关系,推动城市—单元—行业的精细化总量控制管理,丰富总量控制要素,强化服务于总量控制的能力建设,建立总量控制目标下公平的环境责任划分制度。     

多排抗滑桩治理工程的有限元设计计算与优化

在现行计算方法中,通常采用不平衡推力法等传统方法设计抗滑桩.尽管国内外岩土工程技术人员通过研究使传统算法取得了较大的进展,但仍有许多不完善的地方,特别对于多排抗滑桩治理工程的设计计算,传统方法更难胜任,而采用有限元强度折减法则能解决这些问题.通过文中工程实例的设计计算可以看出,由于有限元强度折减法可以充分考虑桩—土之间...     

Cities as leaders in EU multilevel climate governance: embedded upscaling of local experiments in Europe

ABSTRACT

The success of local climate governance in Europe depends not only on leading cities but also on the dynamics between leaders, followers, and laggards. Upscaling local experiments helps to close the gap between these actors. This process is driven by the increasing embeddedness of cities and their networks in EU multilevel governance. Embedded upscaling combines horizontal upscaling between leading cities with vertical upscaling between leaders and followers that is mediated by higher levels of government, and hierarchical upscaling that even reaches the laggards. Various types of upscaling, their combinations, and their impacts are analyzed. Networks have become denser and networking has intensified. City networks and their member cities have become embedded in national and EU governance, lost authority and depend more and more on regional, national, and European authorities.     

Military humanitarian and disaster governance networks in Southeast Asia: framework and analysis

Behind humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) efforts are governance networks of actors working together to facilitate, coordinate, and deliver joint aid and response initiatives. Militaries are key stakeholders in these networks because of their unique capabilities, particularly in Southeast Asia. This paper explores the role of military governance networks in shaping HADR affairs. It presents a framework for examining military-to-military relational structures in humanitarian and disaster contexts using network theory and social network analysis. It also assesses the nature of military ties and their influence on two capability areas essential to humanitarian activities in the region: (i) the distribution of military assets and equipment used in HADR; and (ii) the coordination of HADR exercises and training. This paper seeks to provide insights into how governance network features and properties affect the capacity of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) militaries to use available resources efficiently and to achieve shared objectives in regional disaster response.     

对加快推进我国矿山生态修复的思考

绿色矿山建设是矿业领域践行"绿水青山就是金山银山"的重要体现。本文从矿山生态修复的内涵到外延，从问题识别到任务措施，从单一治理修复目标到生态系统功能修复目标，从矿山生态修复系统到与经济社会发展系统相结合等多个方面，系统地梳理矿山生态修复的解决路径，围绕矿业绿色发展提出一系列建议。