长三角一体化区域开发强度与生境质量协调状况及演化规律探析

探索长三角一体化区域开发强度与生境质量协调状况及演化规律,对制定或修改其生态绿色一体化及高质量发展的规制方略具有重要意义。基于Landsat卫星遥感土地利用解译及统计数据,运用In VEST模型及主成分分析综合评价方法,测算长三角一体化区域2005—2020年生境质量和开发强度指数;采用耦合协调模型,对二者间协调状况进行考察;采用曲线回归分析方法,探索二者间的演化规律。结果表明：长三角一体化区域开发强度指数由2005年的0.383 3攀升至2020年的0.783 3,生境质量由2005年的0.504 9降至0.493 7;二者间协调度由2005年的0.663 3攀升至2020年的0.788 6,多年均值为0.734 7,处于中度协调状态;二者间呈现开口向上的二次抛物线演化关系,“十四五”期间,其轨迹仍处于抛物线左半支,开发强度与生境质量矛盾将进一步加剧,生态绿色一体化与高质量发展将面临较大挑战。

     

集成化水资源管理模式探讨

文章在简单介绍美国，加拿大，英国和日本４年国家水资源管理概况的基础上，从集成管理的立法保障，集成的内容和范围以及反映集成化管理思想的机构设置等角度全面总结了了这几个国家的集成管理经验，最后得了了几点结论。     

A methodological framework for integrating computational fluid dynamics and ecological models applied to juvenile freshwater mussel dispersal in the Upper Mississippi River

Interdisciplinary research in hydraulics and ecology for river management and restoration must integrate processes that occur over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, which presents a challenge to ecohydraulics modelers. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models are being more widely used to determine flow fields for ecohydraulics applications. In the Upper Mississippi River (UMR), the mussel dynamics model was developed as a tool for management and conservation of freshwater mussels (Unionidae), which are benthic organisms, imperiled in North America, that are inextricably linked with the hydraulics of river flow. We updated the juvenile dispersal component of the mussel dynamics model by using stochastic Lagrangian particle tracking in a three dimensional flow field output from CFD models of reaches in the UMR. We developed a methodological framework to integrate hydrodynamic data with the mussel dynamics model, and we demonstrate the use of the juvenile dispersal model employed within the methodological framework in two reaches of the UMR. The method was used to test the hypothesis that impoundment affects the relationship of some hydraulic parameters with juvenile settling distribution. Simulation results were consistent with this hypothesis, and the relationships of bed shear stress and Froude number with juvenile settling were altered by impoundment most likely through effects on local hydraulics. The methodological framework is robust, integrates Eulerian and Lagrangian reference frameworks, and incorporates processes over a wide range of temporal and spatial scales, from watershed scale hydrologic processes (decades), to reach scale (km) processes that occur over hours or days, and turbulent processes on spatial scales of meter to millimeter and times scales of seconds. The methods are presently being used to assess the impacts of pre- and early post-settlement processes on mussel distributions, including the effects of bed shear stress, and the sensitivity of the location of the host fish when juveniles excyst, on juvenile settling distribution.