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151.
The aim of this article was to study the effects of land use change and water reuse options on an urban water cycle. A water cycle
analysis was performed on the Goonja drainage basin, located in metropolitan Seoul, using the Aquacycle model. The chronological
e ects of urbanization were first assessed for the land uses of the Goonja drainage basin from 1975 to 2005, where the ratio of
impervious areas ranged from 43% to 84%. Progressive urbanization was identified as leading to a decrease in evapotranspiration
(29%), an increase in surface runo (41%) and a decrease in groundwater recharge (74%), indicating a serious distortion of the water
cycle. From a subsequent analysis of the water reuse options, such as rainwater use and wastewater reuse, it is concluded that wastewater
reuse seemed to have an advantage over rainwater use for providing a consistent water supply throughout the year for a country like
Korea, where the rainy season is concentrated during the summer monsoon. 相似文献
152.
We address the future of science and governance for the California Delta, focusing on the CALFED Bay-Delta Program, an interagency, multi-stakeholder effort to understand and manage the Delta for multiple purposes. We portray a Delta history as a coevolutionary process between science, governance and ecosystems. Global integrated environmental assessments (IEA) provide insights into understanding complex, dynamic socio-ecological systems. Many of the discursive stakeholder and scientific activities that have arisen under CALFED are similar to IEA and remain essential to the shared learning needed to effectively interact with a dynamic Delta. More deliberately enmeshing environmental monitoring, analysis, and collective learning into Delta governance will improve outcomes. 相似文献
153.
154.
Lily Amelia D.A. Wahab C.H. Che Haron N. Muhamad C.H. Azhari 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(17):1572-1579
As the production of local vehicles increases, the impact of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) wastes to the environment will also increase. ELVs recovery including reuse, remanufacture, and recycle apparently become a strategy in solving this environmental problem. This study identifies the existing conditions of automotive reuse in Malaysia by conducting some interviews in selected local automotive and automotive component manufacturers. Results from the interviews indicated that reuse of automotive components in newly manufactured vehicles has never been practiced by the selected companies. However, there is interest among respondents in developing automotive components for after-market reuse. Some strategies were proposed in this study to initiate automotive components reuse in the local automotive manufacturers including the establishment of the end-of-life directive, enhance research and development on design for reuse and increase reusability and economic benefits of reuse. 相似文献
155.
Integrated urban water management (IUWM) is a useful tool that can be used to alleviate water resource shortages in developing regions like Macau, where 98% of the raw water comes from mainland China. In Macau, scarce water resources deteriorate rapidly in emergency situations, such as accidental chemical spills upstream of the supply reservoir or salty tides. During these times, only the water from the two freshwater reservoirs in Macau can be used. In this study, we developed urban water management optimization models that integrated the raw water supply from the two reservoirs with various proposed governmental policies (wastewater reuse, rainwater collection, and water saving). We then determined how various water resource strategies would influence the urban water supply in Macau in emergency situations. Our results showed that, without imported raw water, the water supply from only the two Macau reservoirs would last for 7.95 days. However, when all the government policies were included in the model, the supply could be extended to 13.79 days. Out of the three non-conventional water resources, wastewater reuse is the most beneficial for increasing the Macau water supply, and rainwater collection also has great potential. 相似文献
156.
157.
由于资金和能源紧张,高效低耗的污水处理技术受到人们的重视。AIPS新型稳定塘是由美国Oswald教授研究开发,并有30a成功经验的污水处理技术。该技术具有低投资,低运行费用、易管理、比普通稳定塘占地少的优点。 相似文献
158.
采用多指标多因素的综合评判方法对兰州市城区大气污染的变化规律及其给人群健康带来的影响,进行了系统的分析。并对减少和消除城市大气污染,保护人群健康的卫生学依据和防治途径进行了探讨。结果表明,室内外空气的严重污染、已对人群的健康产生了明显的影响。大气污染物中,对健康产生急性毒性作用的主要是气相污染物,其次是尘。就室内污染来讲,家庭燃煤和吸烟是诱发肺癌的重要危险因子,因此,防治和研究气相污染物对人群健康产生的综合危害,应提到与防治尘污染的同等位置上。 相似文献
159.
The Euroconference on Coastal Management Research held in San-Feliu de Guixols, Spain, in December 1997 brought together scientists
from a great variety of disciplines in the natural and social sciences, in a search for modes of transdisciplinary cooperation
in the context of integrated coastal management. During the conference the participants discussed which interactions among
disciplines are required for different coastal issues. Discussion groups each focused on a particular type of coastal environment,
characterized by a particular type and degree of development. The group discussions were inspired by background papers which
were prepared for this purpose by invited speakers. A selection of these background papers were redrafted on the basis of
the conference outcome, and are published in this issue of theJournal of Coastal Conservation. The reports of the discussion groups are published in a conference proceedings booklet issued by EMAPS (1998), the European
Polar and Marine Sciences Secretariat. A synthesis of ideas on the challenge of transdisciplinarity, expressed during the
discussion group sessions, is presented in this introduction. The statements reflect opinions or suggestions which received
broad support from the participants; they should not be taken as proven knowledge. 相似文献
160.