三步法处理大港油田12井综合废水的实验研究

根据大港油田12井综合废水的污染特征,提出了"混凝-内电解-H2O2氧化"三步处理的方法。实验结果表明:三步法处理后可以使原水的CODcr从4930mg/L降低到128mg/L,去除率达到97%。处理后水质达到国家《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)二级标准要求。     

电解法处理含镍废水及纯镍的回收

采用电解回收法处理Ni2+含量为2g/L的废水,在阴极回收纯镍。研究了电解电流、极距、NH4Cl浓度、pH值等因素对Ni2+去除率、槽压、阴极能耗的影响,得出最优工艺参数为:温度20℃,电解时间20min时、电解电流300mA,极距15mm,NH4Cl浓度5g/L,pH值8.0,该条件下Ni2+去除率为96.926%,槽压16.21V,阴极能耗22.418kW.h/kg,在阴极可得到沉积6.45μm厚的镍板。     

电解法处理高含硫气田水

本文详细介绍了川南矿区含硫气田水电解法处理的试验情况，用自己研制的电解反应器对电解时间、pH值、电流密度等工艺条件进行了考察，提出了电解法处理含S~(2-)200mg／L的气田水的最佳工艺条件。试验结果表明：该方法是成功的，它可以使气田水中硫化物的脱除率达99％以上，达到国家排放标准（GB8978—88：S~(2-)＜5mg／L）。该方法的主要特点是投加处理药剂少，操作简便，设备小型，占地面积小，特别适用于产水量不大的井站使用。     

Manufacture of strand board made from construction scrap wood

The objective of this research was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of strand board made from construction scrap wood. The strand board was manufactured using Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga japonica) strands selected from construction scrap wood. The strands were oriented, and three-layer (face/core/face) strand board of three types was produced: one in which the strands of the face layer were oriented at a right angle to those of the core layer (R board), another in which the strands of the face layer were oriented parallel to those of the core layer (P board), and a third in which the strands of both layers were oriented at random (Ra board). The physical and mechanical properties of the boards were evaluated based on Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS). The main results obtained are as follows: the bending strength of the strand board with a density larger than 0.55 g/cm³ exceeded the standard value of type 18 particleboard of JIS A 5908. The bending strength of the strand board was affected by board density, strand orientation and resin content, and became larger with increased density as well as resin content. That of the parallel specimen of P board was the largest among the specimen-orientations and types. The internal bond strength of the strand board with a density larger than 0.55 g/cm³ exceeded the standard value of type 18 particleboard and type 24-10 particleboard of JIS A 5908. The internal bond strength was markedly affected by the resin content of the core layer, and became larger with increased density. The thickness swelling of the strand board decreased with increased resin content, and become larger with increased density.     

铁碳微电解法预处理垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液

对垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液采用铁碳微电解法进行预处理,探讨了p H值、反应时间及气液比对COD去除效率的影响。结果表明,当p H值为3、反应时间120 min、气液比10∶1时,COD、TN的去除率分别为79.6%,56.4%;NH3-N由进水的70.9 mg/L上升为77.0 mg/L;预处理效果较好。但是由于铁碳微电解对盐度没有去除效果,影响后续反应进行。如何经济有效地降低含盐量成为今后研究重点。     

Mini-review on river eutrophication and bottom improvement techniques,with special emphasis on the Nakdong River

Water quality in rivers is vital to humans and to maintenance of biotic and ecological integrity. During the Four Major Rivers restoration of South Korea, remarkable attempts have been made to decrease external nutrient loads and moveable weirs were designed to discharge silt that may deposit in pools. However, recently eutrophication of the Nakdong River, which was limited to the lower reaches, is seen to be spreading upstream. The reduction of external nutrient loads to rivers is a long-term goal that is unlikely to lead to reductions in algal blooms for many years because of the time required to implement effective land management strategies. It would therefore be desirable to implement complementary strategies. Regulating the amount of water released is effective at preventing algae blooms in weir pools; so, the relationship between discharge, stratification and bloom formation should be understood in this regard. However, pollutants are likely to accumulate in the riverbed upstream from release points. Thus, to control phosphorus levels, total phosphorus density should be lowered by applying in-river techniques as well. As many ecosystem properties are controlled by multiple processes, simultaneous river bottom improvement techniques, such as combined dissolved oxygen supply and nutrient inactivation, are likely to be effective. The purpose of this review is to present a series of technological approaches that can be used to improve the river bottom area and hence sediment nutrient release, and to illustrate the application of these techniques to the Nakdong River.     

氮气搅拌下高硫铝土矿电解脱硫研究

采用氮气搅拌的方法,强化高硫铝土矿电解脱硫过程,考察了电解液配比、电流密度、气流速度等因素对脱硫率的影响。研究表明：脱硫率随电解液中NaCl含量增加而增加;电解脱硫率随着NaOH浓度和电流密度先升高后下降;增加气体流速能够显著提高电解脱硫率。基于电解脱硫特点,提出了铝土矿电解脱硫工艺与现有氧化铝生产的衔接方式。     

青海桥头铝电有限公司炭素企业安全管理经验

从安全管理网络的建立、定期安全活动、事故预想的开展、安全目标责任制的落实、安全素质教育的推行、安全文化建设、营造安全氛围等8个方面,对青海桥头铝电有限公司安全管理工作经验进行了介绍.     

内电解人工湿地冬季低温尾水强化脱氮机制

针对湿地冬季运行效率低、污染物去除能力差,本研究通过对比无植物湿地、普通湿地和内电解湿地冬季低水温下(3~12℃)对污水厂尾水的脱氮效能,深入分析其微生物群落结构组成,揭示内电解湿地的强化脱氮机制.结果表明,内电解湿地可以更好地利用尾水中碳源,脱氮效果优势明显,出水TN浓度维持在(9±0.29)mg·L~(-1),TN平均去除率达42.27%,比无植物湿地和普通湿地分别高出17.91%、17.33%.冬季低温条件下,内电解湿地微生物活性仍很高,荧光显色法测得微生物活性达到0.224 mg·g~(-1),分别是无植物湿地和普通湿地的2.6、3.4倍,反硝化强度分别是无植物湿地和普通湿地的2.8、3.3倍.高通量测序表明,内电解湿地基质微生物群落多样性优于无植物湿地和普通湿地.检测出的脱氮微生物主要有脱氯单胞菌、根瘤菌、生丝微菌、红杆菌,还有自养反硝化细菌产硫酸杆菌.内电解湿地在脱氮微生物总量上有明显优势,脱氮微生物占微生物总量的7.13%,分别是无植物湿地、普通物湿地的3.8、8.7倍,因而脱氮效率更高.     

Internal eutrophication: How it works and what to do about it—a review

In the 1980s and 1990s, it became increasingly clear that changes in external nutrient loads alone could not entirely explain the severe eutrophication of surface waters in the Netherlands. Nowadays, 'internal eutrophication' has become a widely accepted term in Dutch water management practice to describe the eutrophication of an ecosystem without additional external input of nutrients (N, P, K). This review surveys the principal mechanisms involved in this process. It also discusses possible remedies to combat internal eutrophication.