我国在国际贸易中表现出“环境相对比较优势”吗?——兼与王奇老师商榷

我国在国际贸易和国际分工中是否表现出"环境相对比较优势"?本文通过考察进出口产品结构变化和我国吸引的外国直接投资的行业结构变化趋势对这一问题进行了实证分析,结果发现我国进出口产品结构没有向污染密集型产品转变,外商投资的行业结构也没有偏向污染密集型产业.虽然我国目前经济增长的自然资源和环境成本较大,但这主耍是国内资源使用效率低下和国内消费升级、产业结构转变造成的.实际上,参与国际贸易和国际分工使我国的经济结构向更清洁的方向转变,有利于减轻我国经济增长中的环境压力.因此,本文认为虽然目前我国的环境规制水平较一些发达国家低,但这并不等同于我国经济具有或表现出了"环境相对比较优势",所谓的"环境相对比较优势"在实际上是不存在的.     

The Cameroon volcanic gas disaster. An analysis of a makeshift response

The Cameroon Volcanic Gas Disaster has seen yet again a number of burning issues relating to relief management. These relate to the exxasgerantion and indequacy of facts from the field, media amplification of information, inappropriate and abundant intrnational response and lack of logistic considerations.
Disaster relief assessment should continue to be a top priority, no matter who performs it initially. Accurate assessment and immediate and appropriate satisfaction of the needs of victims are imperative if relief actors ar to be hare credibility. For international relief to be effective there is a need to expand existing contacts betwen a stricken government and its foreign counterparts, NGOs and the media. Part of this process includes the participation of resident relief and aid oriented agencies in national relief committees. Greater relief discipline should also outweight donor compassion.     

Indicators for sustainable energy development: An initiative by the International Atomic Energy Agency

Since 1999, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has been leading a multinational, multi‐agency effort to develop a set of energy indicators useful for measuring progress on sustainable development at the national level. This effort has included the identification of major relevant energy indicators, the development of a framework for implementation and the testing of the applicability of this tool in a number of countries. To achieve these goals, the IAEA has worked closely with other international organizations, leaders in energy and environmental statistics and analysis including the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), the International Energy Agency (IEA), Eurostat and the European Environment Agency (EEA). Also, the IAEA completed a three‐year coordinated research project for the implementation and testing of the original set of indicators in seven countries — Brazil, Cuba, Lithuania, Mexico, the Russian Federation, the Slovak Republic and Thailand. This article provides an overview of the IAEA programme on Indicators for Sustainable Energy Development (ISED) and highlights its experiences and accomplishments.     

环境比较优势——一个新“陷阱“

发展是发展中国家的中心问题,环境问题是未来发展的主题,如何避免在发展的同时掉入环境比较优势陷阱,是一个值得大家思考的问题.     

Emergency and institutional crisis in Peru during El Nino 1982-1983

From December 1982 through July 1983, Peru was plagued by disastrous consequences of El Nino/Southern Oscillation phenomenon. While the northern part of the country was devastated by torrential rains and floods, central Andean Peru endured landslides and flash floods, the southern Altiplano suffered a severe drought. Hazard preparedness was nonexistent, and official disaster relief uncoordinated and slow in coming. Administrative inefficiency magnified the stress upon the populations under disaster conditions. Provisions of disaster training from specialized international organizations is recommended as a preventive measure and as a policy to improve catastrophe-coping abilities in developing nations.     

略论环境管理模式的重大变革——ISO14000系列标准剖析

国际标准化组织（ＩＳＯ）根据环发大会的决议，１９９３年６月正式成立“环境管理技术委员会”（ＩＳＯ／ＣＴ２０７），负责环境管理工具及体系方面国际标准化工作。文章通过对ＩＳＯ－１４０００系列标准的背景和内容的介绍与分析，阐述了目前在我国实施ＩＳＯ－１４０００系列标准的意义和对策。建议。     

IMO在世纪之交的回顾与展望

介绍 190 0年以来发生的重大海难 ,以及对其调查 ;IMO成立以后 ,它对促进航运安全、保护海洋环境所作的努力 ,对其成就的评估 ;今后 10 0年海运的展望以及IMO优先考虑的。     

环境管理体系ISO14000的产生及其实施

ISO14000是国际标准化组织（ISO）为推动可持续发展，统一协调各国环境管理标准，减少世界贸易中的非关税贸易壁垒而制定的环境管理系列标准。由于实施系列标准具有保护环境和消除贸易技术壁垒的双重作用，因此受到世界各国的广泛关注。本文就ISO14000系列标准的产生背景、制定基础及实施情况进行了简单介绍，希望能引起有关企业的重视，推动ISO14000在我国的认证工作，以减少工业企业的环境污染，推进可持续发展战略在我国的实施。     

环境评价有效性国际研究述评

提出环境评价有效性是环境评价理论和实践的永恒主题。环境评价有效性国际研究（ＩＳＥＥＡ），是１９９３年启动的一个由多个国家和国际组织联合进行的研究项目，其主题为“评价实践，改进表现”。通过分享管理人员和评价人员的经验，研究者试图对环评近２５年的发展状况进行评估，明确其作用和局限，并对如何加强环评管理和实施，迎接可持续发展的挑战提出建议。该文依据文献＾［１，２］，对ＩＳＥＥＡ的过程和主要成果进行了一些     

环境(非关税)贸易壁垒判析及其对策探讨

ＷＴＯ中有关环境的，国际环境公约、ＩＳＯ１４０００、等有关条款，本身并非绿色贸易壁垒，基于此，分析了绿色贸易壁垒的起因特征，对其相模糊的条款与规定，有可能成为绿色贸易壁垒的误区作了判析，提出了绿色贸易壁垒的５种形式：环境税、市场准入、环境技术标准、环境标志和贸易制裁，以及我国的对策思路。