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181.
182.
《包钢三合明铁矿区西部异常区矿产资源开发利用工程》是以地下采矿和湿法磁选选矿为生产工艺流程的建设项目,本文根据工程项目的特性、建设内容、生态影响识别,结合工程厂址周围环境特征,重点分析了工程建设期、运营期对周围生态环境的影响,并提出相应防治对策。 相似文献
183.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(8):179-185
Microbial phosphorus (P) turnover is critical in C utilization efficiency in agroecosystems. It is therefore necessary to understand the P mobilization processes occurring during P fertilization in order to ensure both crop yield and environmental quality. Here, we established a controlled pot experiment containing soil amended with three different levels of starter P fertilizer and collected soil samples after 30, 60, and 90 days of incubation. Quantitative microbial element cycling (QMEC) smart chip technology and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to investigate functional gene structures involved in carbon, nitrogen and P cycling and the bacterial community composition of the collected samples. Although P fertilization did not significantly affect the structure of the soil microbial community, some rare microbiota were changed in particular phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria were enriched at the high P fertilization level, suggesting that the rare taxa make an important contribution to P turnover. P fertilization also altered the functional gene structure, and high P concentrations enhanced the functional gene diversity and abundance. Partial redundancy analysis further revealed that changes in rare taxa and functional genes of soil microorganisms drive the alteration of soil P pools. These findings extend our understanding of the microbial mechanisms of P turnover. 相似文献
184.
In this study, iron speciation in five standard clay samples was characterized. Iron mobilization from these clays was then measured in acidic media. For comparison, a commercially available Arizona test dust (ATD) was also observed. The results showed that the free-Fe contents of clays were commonly lower than that of dust aerosols. The components of clays were dominant by the structural Fe held in the aluminosilicate lattice. The iron solubility of the clays were in the order of KGa-2?>?SWy-2?>?CCa-2?>?IMt-2?>?NAu-2. Based upon the Mössbauer spectrum and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, the Fe(II) fraction and the Fe/Si ratio of clay particles changed after dissolution, suggesting the total Fe solubility depended on the Fe atom states existing within the aluminosilicate lattice. The Fe in KGa-2 and SWy-2 was most likely substituted for alkaline elements as the interlayer ions held by ionic bonds in the aluminosilicate, which are more liable to dissolution. However, the Fe in NAu-2 was more likely to be bound by strong covalent bonds in aluminosilicate mineral, which is less soluble. The much highly soluble Fe in ATD was not only linked to the dissolution of an appreciable fraction of Fe(II), but also could be attributed to the fact that the Fe bonds in the clay fraction of ATD were mainly present as ionic bonds. The TEM images showed that reacted clay particles displayed less aggregate particles, with nanoparticle aggregates and the Fe/S-rich tiny particles attached to the remains. 相似文献
185.
一种适用于不同航天器电子产品的热循环试验的循环次数确定方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的给不同航天器电子设备提供合适的常压热循环试验条件,使其在不同的循环次数和温度范围下获得相等的应力筛选,提出一种定制化的热循环次数的确定方法。方法基于热疲劳理论,分析典型航天器热致故障机理,并综合考虑航天器设计、材料、工艺的特点以及历史故障数据分布的影响,引入综合疲劳加速指数和故障沉淀率,形成航天器综合疲劳寿命等效等式。最后以某航天器典型电子设备为例,给出该方法所确定的试验条件。结果该方法能降低航天器欠试验或过试验的风险。 相似文献
186.
HTPB推进剂自然环境加速老化试验方法研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
目的建立一种HTPB推进剂自然环境加速老化试验方法。方法研发一套户外热循环自然环境加速试验装置,可以模拟和强化太阳辐射对HTPB推进剂的热效应和昼夜温差冲击效应,并保持环境温度日夜温差循环、季节温差循环的特点。利用该装置,在海南万宁试验站户外暴露场开展HTPB推进剂自然环境加速老化试验及其验证试验,设定试验最高温度不超过70℃,并同期开展HTPB推进剂库房贮存试验。从模拟性、加速性、重现性评价自然环境加速老化试验方法的可信度。结果随着老化时间的延长,最大拉伸强度保留率波动下降,可作为HTPB推进剂敏感力学参数。与该推进剂在库房贮存不同时间的最大拉伸强度保留率相比,在置信度为99%,两种试验方法的Spearman秩相关系数为0.93时,自然环境加速老化试验方法对于库房贮存试验方法的加速倍率为5倍,自然环境加速老化试验重现性良好。结论建立了一种适用于HTPB推进剂的简单易行、模拟性强、加速倍率高的自然环境加速老化试验方法,能再现HTPB推进剂在实际库房贮存的力学性能变化规律。 相似文献
187.
188.
城市水循环途径及影响分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过对城市水循环途径及人类对自然界水循环影响因素分析,确定城市水资源优先开发、利用次序,提出城市水资源形成良性循环的必要条件。 相似文献
189.
A. Manica 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2002,51(4):319-323
Brood cycling, the alternation of periods of courtship and mating activity ("mating phase") with days of full brood care
("parental phase"), and total filial cannibalism, the consumption of all current offspring by a parent, have been interpreted
as a response to the conflicting demands faced by parental males during the breeding season. Under the assumption that these
two behaviours result from trade-offs among mating, caring and feeding, the strategy adopted by the male should depend on
egg number and age. This hypothesis was tested in the scissors-tail sergeant (Abudefduf sexfasciatus), a common tropical damselfish. Observations of undisturbed males and a brood reduction experiment confirmed all theoretical
predictions. The shift from the mating to parental phase occurred when an appropriate number of eggs had been obtained. When
the brood was reduced on the first day of the parental phase, males often reverted to the mating phase, but never did so if
the manipulation occurred on the second or third day. Only broods that were smaller than average were consumed by the parental
male. Artificial reduction of the brood increased the incidence of total filial cannibalism, but the probability of cannibalism
decreased with brood age.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
190.
M. Ali M. A. Badri S. N. Moalla I. D. Pulford 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2001,23(4):369-378
Concentrations of Ca, Mg, K, Na, Cu, Zn, Al, Fe and Mn were measured in soils and in Tamarix nilotica from Wadi Allaqi on the shore of Lake Nasser in the Eastern Desert of Egypt. All of the elements were concentrated in the leaves of Tamarix relative to the stems and roots. Leaf:soil concentration ratios, used as an indicator of metal accumulation in the plant, showed high enrichment factors for Na (67.5), K (63.0) and Mg (35.0); of the trace elements measured, Zn had the highest enrichment factor (7.64). Comparison with other desert species suggested that Tamarix was exceptional only in the accumulation of sodium. Periodic inundation of the soil by Lake Nasser caused dilution and dispersion of the accumulated salts. 相似文献