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91.
The understanding of dust explosion is still incomplete because of the lack of reliable data and accurate models accounting for all the physic-chemical aspects. Besides, most of the experimental data available in the current literature has been accumulated on the 20-l spherical bomb tests, which gives coarse results for the pressure history that cannot be easily converted into fundamental combustion parameters. Nevertheless, the large amount of experimental data available in the spherical bomb is attractive. In this work, the explosion of non-nano iron dust in the standard spherical vessel is analyzed, aiming at evaluating the burning velocity from the theoretical point of view and the simple experiments performed by the standard explosion tests. The choice of iron is of relevance because its adiabatic flame temperature is below the boiling temperature of both the reactants and oxidized gaseous, liquid, or solid (intermediate and final) products and for the negligible particle porosity, which instead is typical of organic dust. Therefore, a non-nano iron dust explosion can be reconducted to a reduced mechanism since heterogeneous (surface) combustion may be determinant, and the diffusion mechanism for oxygen is the only relevant. The laminar burning velocity is strongly dependant on the particle diameter, whereas little effects are due to the dust concentration. The reported final value was found in agreement with typical limiting laminar burning velocity, adopted for the estimation of flammability limits. 相似文献
92.
Forrest E. Dierberg 《Environmental management》1992,16(3):371-380
Following a period of prolonged drought or intentional lake level drawdown, large littoral areas that once contained submersed
aquatic vegetation (SAV) are reinundated when lake levels rise. A complete assessment of the contribution made by decomposing
SAV to the in-lake phosphorus (P) concentration is important in both the management of Lake Okeechobee and understanding basic
P processes. The P contribution to the open waters of Lake Okeechobee from a rapid inundation of exposed SAV was calculated
by four methods: cores of field-desiccated SAV, cores of lab-desiccated SAV in the presence and absence of sediments, in situ
decomposition, and sequential macrophyte harvesting. P releases, given such an episodic event, were similar among the four
methods, ranging from 116±48 to 384±528 mg/m2 in the absence of sediment. When SAV is in contact with sediment, which is the realistic field situation, the amount of P
released was four times less (30±14 mg/m2) than in the absence of sediment. The calculated P releases would result in total P concentration increases in the lake from
2 to 15 μg/liter (upper 95% CI=2–25 μg/liter) in the absence of sediment; only 1 μg/liter increase was predicted when SAV
released P in contact with sediment. Thus it is unlikely that a significant rise in total P concentrations in the limnetic
zone of the lake would occur from the export of P released during the desiccation of SAV in the littoral-marsh zone during
a drawdown. 相似文献
93.
陈国华 《中国安全科学学报》1991,(2)
通过对中国钢铁工业职业卫生四十年的回顾,笔者认为:钢铁工业卫生管理体制已基本形成,但管理水平急需提高;主要的传统职业危害有所抑制,而今后任务仍十分艰巨;随着钢铁工业生产技术的发展广大职工又面临新的职业危害的挑战。本文最后对90年代钢铁工业职业卫生的形势进行了展望,提出了新的对策。在执行「八五」职业卫生规划的基础上,还需加强职业互生服务机构,扩大服务覆盖面,提高专业素质、开展普及教育、加强专业队伍的自身建设,这些任务是实现十年战略目标的重要保证。 相似文献
94.
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96.
对农桐间作(以桐为主间作型)的养分循环规律进行了研究。结果表明,泡桐各器官营养元素的含量随季节而变化。对营养元素的年吸收量为471.9595kg/hm ̄2,其中氮155.1429kg/hm ̄2,磷80.0821kg/hm ̄2,钾87.0394kg/hm ̄2,钙119.4603kg/hm ̄2,镁30.2348kg/hm ̄2。营养元素的年归还量为331.6155kg/hm ̄2,其中氮102.5721kg/hm ̄2,磷43.2922kg/hm ̄2.钾63.6497kg/hm ̄2,钙97.3586kg/hm ̄2,镁24.7429kg/hm ̄2。营养元素的循环率为70、26%,其中氮66.11%,磷54.06%,钾73.13%,钙81.50%,镁81.84%。 相似文献
97.
98.
Six ponds of age 3 were selected 45 km north from Suzhou in the Tailake region, and research conducted on nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in P. vannanmei(Penaeus vannanme) ponds and M. nipponense(Macrobrachium nipponense) hatchery ponds under normal management. Two treatments each had three replications. The results confirmed that feed was the major path of nitrogen and phosphorus input, each accounted for 61.24%(193.81 kg ha–1) and 81.08%(45.20 kg ha–1) of the total nitrogen and phosphorus input for P. vannanme ponds; the values for M. nipponense ponds were 43.93%(86.31 kg ha–1) and 57.67%(14.61 kg ha–1), respectively. Water pumped into ponds contributed on average 83.57 kg ha–1 nitrogen and 8.48 kg ha–1 phosphorus for P. vannanmei ponds, and 87.48 kg ha–1 nitrogen and 7.00 kg ha–1 phosphorus for M. nipponense hatchery ponds. Shrimp harvest recovered 102.81 kg ha–1 nitrogen (32.94% of the total nitrogen input) and 7.94 kg ha–1phosphorus (14.23% of the total phosphorus input) for P. vannanme ponds; and 43.94 kg ha–1 nitrogen and 4.46 kg ha–1phosphorus for M. nipponense hatchery ponds. The sum of nitrogen losses through volatilization, denitrification and sedimentation was 173.62 and 122.39 kg ha–1, 54.86% and 62.29% of the total nitrogen input for P. vannanme ponds and M. nipponense hatchery ponds, respectively. Sediment accumulated 41.46 and 14.63 kg ha–1 phosphorus, 74.37% and 64.85% of the total phosphorus input for P. vannanm ponds and M. nipponense hatchery ponds. Draining and seeping caused 40.06 kg ha–1 nitrogen (12.66% of total nitrogen input) and 6.36 kg ha–1 phosphorus (11.40% of total phosphorus input) loss to the surrounding water from P. vannanme ponds in 114 days; 30.14 kg ha–1nitrogen (15.34% of the total input) and 4.45 kg ha–1 phosphorus (17.57% of the total input) to channel water from M. nipponense hatchery ponds in 87 days, respectively. Countermeasures for sustainable pond management include improving feeds and feeding, sediment treatments, machine aerating, chemicals with no pollution, and integrated fish-shrimp cultivation. Management of water resources for pond and methods to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loading into surrounding water from drainage are elucidated. 相似文献
99.
攀钢基地位于康淇地轴中段两侧边缘一个古裂谷带中。裂谷带地质构造复杂,成矿条件优越,形成储量丰富、种类齐全的矿产资源,其中钒、铁地质储量名列全国第一,钛矿资源居世界之首,钒矿占世界第三位,铁矿仅次于鞍本地区,名列全国第二位。 攀钢基地矿产资源体系由核心资源(铁矿和炼焦煤)和辅助原料资源(动力煤、熔剂石灰岩、白云岩、耐火粘土、菱镁矿等)构成。在核心资源中,以攀西铁矿运在六盘水和以六盘水的炼焦煤运在攀钢,构成钟摆式运输系统。基地矿产资源体系和钟摆式运输,基本上能满足攀钢基地对矿产资源的要求。 攀钢基地矿产资源体系和攀西—六盘水之间钟摆式运输系统的形成,决定了攀钢二基地必须建在攀西(渡口至西昌)地区。否则,将造成不良后果。 相似文献
100.