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191.
目的研究不同管径海水管道在静态及不同海水流速环境中外加电流系统棒状辅助阳极对管道内部腐蚀防护的规律。方法模拟海水管道实海环境,对管道施加棒状辅助阳极外加电流阴极保护,连续测定管道不同部位保护电位,由此得到防护规律。结果静态试验中,随管径变小,最大保护距离越短,当管径直径≤100 mm时,棒状辅助阳极基本起不到保护作用,不适宜用此种方法保护。动态试验中,同一管径的管道,流速越大,保护效果越差,但影响不大,流速在2~4 m/s之间保护距离差异不大;不同管径,仍如静态实验结果相似,随管径变小,保护距离越短。结论棒状辅助阳极在海水管道中的保护距离有限,且不适合小管径管道,要想提供管道长距离稳定的保护效果需考虑其他方式。 相似文献
192.
Jinlong Yan Tao Jiang Ying Yao Jun Wang Yuanli Cai Nelson W. Green Shiqiang Wei 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(5):197-205
The phosphorus(P) fraction distribution and formation mechanism in the supernatant after P adsorption onto iron oxides and iron oxide-humic acid(HA) complexes were analyzed using the ultrafiltration method in this study.With an initial P concentration of 20 mg/L(I =0.01 mol/L and pH = 7),it was shown that the colloid(1 kDa-0.45 μm) component of P accounted for 10.6%,11.6%,6.5%,and 4.0%of remaining total P concentration in the supernatant after P adsorption onto ferrihydrite(FH),goethite(GE),ferrihydrite-humic acid complex(FH-HA),goethite-humic acid complex(GE-HA),respectively.The 1 kDa component of P was still the predominant fraction in the supernatant,and underestimated colloidal P accounted for 2.2%,55.1%,45.5%,and 38.7%of P adsorption onto the solid surface of FH,FH-HA,GE and GE-HA,respectively.Thus,the colloid P could not be neglected.Notably,it could be interpreted that Fe~(3+) hydrolysis from the adsorbents followed by the formation of colloidal hydrous ferric oxide aggregates was the main mechanism for the formation of the colloid P in the supernatant.And colloidal adsorbent particles co-existing in the supernatant were another important reason for it.Additionally,dissolve organic matter dissolved from iron oxide-HA complexes could occupy large adsorption sites of colloidal iron causing less colloid P in the supernatant.Ultimately,we believe that the findings can provide a new way to deeply interpret the geochemical cycling of P,even when considering other contaminants such as organic pollutants,heavy metal ions,and arsenate at the sediment/soil-water interface in the real environment. 相似文献
193.
李文新 《安全.健康和环境》2009,9(3):46-48
要保证压力管道安全运行,必须从安装质量入手。通过实例分析安装质量对压力管道安全运行的影响,并对压力管道法规中有关提高压力管道安装质量要求的内容进行介绍,供压力管道安装使用管理人员及技术人员参考。 相似文献
194.
以活性炭纤维(ACF)为溶液中铁离子的吸附剂,考察了吸附时间、吸附温度、ACF比表面积及表面酸碱性对Fe3 吸附行为的影响.通过平衡吸附实验获得的吸附等温线,并不符合Langmuir与Freundlich经验吸附方程.吸附温度升高与ACF比表面积增加,都有利于铁离子的吸附,说明吸附过程同时具备物理和化学吸附行为的双重特征.ACF表面碱性基团是影响铁离子吸附的主要因素. 相似文献
195.
为考虑土体参数的变异性对隧道开挖面稳定性的影响,基于可靠度理论,采用三维弹塑性有限元数值模拟方法,计算管棚预支护条件下隧道开挖面极限支护力;以不同工况下地层参数及其极限支护压力比作为样本,待BP神经网络训练完毕后,即可预测大量给定地层参数工况下的开挖面极限支护压力比,对其进行统计,得到概率分布特征;在理论分析的基础上,结合工程实际,建立了管棚预支护条件下隧道开挖面稳定的极限状态方程,运用粒子群优化算法,对其进行可靠度分析。研究结果表明:采用管棚预支护的隧道,开挖面支护压力存在极限值,达到该值后,增加较小幅度的支护力,就能较大程度地提高隧道开挖面稳定的可靠度。 相似文献
196.
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198.
Environmental pollution has become one of the greatest problems in the world, and the concerns about environmental pollutants released by human activities from agriculture and industrial production have been continuously increasing. Although intense efforts have been made to understand the health effects of environmental pollutants, most studies have only focused on direct toxic effects and failed to simultaneously evaluate the long-term adaptive, compensatory and secondary impacts on health. Burgeoning evidence suggests that environmental pollutants may directly or indirectly give rise to disordered element homeostasis, such as for iron. It is crucially important to maintain concerted cellular and systemic iron metabolism. Otherwise, disordered iron metabolism would lead to cytotoxicity and increased risk for various diseases, including cancers. Thus, study on the effects of environmental pollutants upon iron homeostasis is urgently needed. In this review, we recapitulate the available findings on the direct or indirect impacts of environmental pollutants, including persistent organic pollutants (POPs), heavy metals and pesticides, on iron homeostasis and associated adverse health problems. In view of the unanswered questions, more efforts are warranted to investigate the disruptive effects of environmental pollutants on iron homeostasis and consequent toxicities. 相似文献
199.
200.
Kunyu M Rujun Yang Shenglu Qu Yingying Zhang Yuan Liu He Xie Minghan Zhu Mengqi Bi 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(10):70-83
Iron and nitrate (NO3?) are dominant physiologically required nutrients for phytoplankton growth, and iron may also play a key role in the marine nitrogen cycle. In this study, we investigated the temporal and spatial distributions of dissolved iron (DFe) and Fe(II) in the surface waters of Jiaozhou Bay (JZB) from April 2 to July 26, 2017. High concentrations of DFe and Fe(II) predominantly occurred in nearshore and estuarine stations and concentrations were generally higher in April and May. The highest DFe concentration was observed along the coast of Hongdao (51.55 nmol/L) in May, while the lowest concentration was observed in the western coastal region (2.88 nmol/L) in April. The highest and lowest Fe(II) concentrations were observed in the Licun estuary (22.42 nmol/L) and outer bay (0.50 nmol/L) in May, respectively. We calculated the proportions of nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) as well as the ratio of Fe(II) to DFe in all four months. The mean Fe(II)/DFe ratio was 0.48 in April, 0.43 in May, 0.69 in June, and 0.32 in July. The mean ratio of NO3? to DIN was 0.78 in April, 0.54 in May, 0.20 in June, and 0.62 in July. NO3?/DIN continuously decreased in the first three months, while Fe(II)/DFe remained high, which suggests that the reduction of iron and nitrate occurred simultaneously in the surface waters of JZB. 相似文献