Exploitation of iron ore tailing for the development of ceramic tiles

India ranks as the sixth largest producer of iron ore in the world. The current practice of washing iron ore in India generates as high as 18 million tonnes of tailings per year. These tailings are stored in massive ponds and pose environmental hazards. Safe disposal or utilisation of these materials thus remains a challenging task for the iron ore industry in India. The present paper describes a new development in managing these tailings by converting them into value added products such as ceramic floor and wall tiles for building application. These tiles have high strength and hardness compared to conventional tiles and conform to most of the EN standards. Energy economy and lower production costs are some other benefits.     

Remediation of DDT-Contaminated Water and Soil by Using Pretreated Iron Byproducts from the Automotive Industry

The objective of this study was to quantify the effectiveness of different pretreated iron byproducts from the automotive industry to degrade DDT [(1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane] in aqueous solutions and soil slurry. Iron byproducts from automotive manufacturing were pretreated by three different methods (heating, solvent and 0.5N HCl acid washing) prior to experimentation. All pretreated irons were used at 5% (wt v^{? 1}) to treat 0.014 mM (5 mgL^{? 1}) of DDT in aqueous solution. Among the pretreated irons, acid pretreated iron results in the fastest destruction rates, with a pseudo first-order degradation rate of 0.364 d^{? 1}. By lowering the pH of the DDT aqueous solution from 9 to 3, destruction kinetic rates increase more than 20%. In addition, when DDT-contaminated soil slurry (3.54 mg kg^{? 1}) was incubated with 5% (wt v^{? 1}) acid-pretreated iron, more than 90% destruction of DDT was observed within 8 weeks. Moreover, DDT destruction kinetics were enhanced when Fe(II), Fe(III) or Al(III) sulfate salts were added to the soil slurry, with the following order of destruction kinetics: Al(III) sulfate > Fe(III) sulfate > Fe(II) sulfate. These results provide proof-of concept that inexpensive iron byproducts of the automotive industry can be used to remediate DDT-contaminated water and soil.     

常温下铁的硫化产物自燃性

含硫油品储运过程中H2S腐蚀产物是常温下硫铁化合物的主要来源,以H2S与铁粉反应制备的硫铁化合物来模拟设备内H2S的腐蚀产物,利用自然氧化的方法测定了硫化反应产物的一次氧化升温和二次氧化升温,考察了铁粉含水量对硫化反应及硫化反应产物自燃性的影响,采用XRD和SEM手段对硫化反应产物进行了表征。结果表明:H2S与铁粉的硫化反应产物为FeS,呈微小颗粒状,覆盖在铁粉表面;硫化反应产物具有自燃性,一次氧化升温最高达到87℃;未被完全氧化的硫化反应产物密封放置一段时间后自燃性明显增加,其二次氧化升温速率最高超过39℃/min;铁粉中含有适量的水可以增加硫化反应速率,提高硫化反应产物的自燃性。     

Hg0 removal from flue gas over different zeolites modified by FeCl3

The elemental mercury removal abilities of three different zeolites(Na A, Na X, HZSM-5)impregnated with iron(Ⅲ) chloride were studied on a lab-scale fixed-bed reactor. X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption porosimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature programmed desorption(TPD) analyses were used to investigate the physicochemical properties. Results indicated that the pore structure and active chloride species on the surface of the samples are the key factors for physisorption and oxidation of Hg0, respectively. Relatively high surface area and micropore volume are beneficial to efficient mercury adsorption. The active Cl species generated on the surface of the samples were effective oxidants able to convert elemental mercury(Hg0)into oxidized mercury(Hg2+). The crystallization of Na Cl due to the ion exchange effect during the impregnation of Na A and Na X reduced the number of active Cl species on the surface, and restricted the physisorption of Hg0. Therefore, the Hg0 removal efficiencies of the samples were inhibited. The TPD analysis revealed that the species of mercury on the surface of Fe Cl3–HZSM-5 was mainly in the form of mercuric chloride(Hg Cl2), while on Fe Cl3–Na X and Fe Cl3–Na A it was mainly mercuric oxide(Hg O).     

Disruption of iron homeostasis and resultant health effects upon exposure to various environmental pollutants: A critical review

Environmental pollution has become one of the greatest problems in the world, and the concerns about environmental pollutants released by human activities from agriculture and industrial production have been continuously increasing. Although intense efforts have been made to understand the health effects of environmental pollutants, most studies have only focused on direct toxic effects and failed to simultaneously evaluate the long-term adaptive, compensatory and secondary impacts on health. Burgeoning evidence suggests that environmental pollutants may directly or indirectly give rise to disordered element homeostasis, such as for iron. It is crucially important to maintain concerted cellular and systemic iron metabolism. Otherwise, disordered iron metabolism would lead to cytotoxicity and increased risk for various diseases, including cancers. Thus, study on the effects of environmental pollutants upon iron homeostasis is urgently needed. In this review, we recapitulate the available findings on the direct or indirect impacts of environmental pollutants, including persistent organic pollutants (POPs), heavy metals and pesticides, on iron homeostasis and associated adverse health problems. In view of the unanswered questions, more efforts are warranted to investigate the disruptive effects of environmental pollutants on iron homeostasis and consequent toxicities.     

铁柱撑累托石的制备及其对活性艳蓝的降解

以天然粘土矿物累托石为载体、以铁盐作交联剂,利用水溶液插层方法制备了铁/累托石复合物。采用FT-IR和XRD两种表征方法对铁/累托石复合物进行了表征,分析了复合物的结构变化和层间间距变化,并探讨了复合物制备条件以及反应过程中溶液初始浓度、溶液初始pH、复合物投加量和H2O2浓度因素对催化降解活性艳蓝的影响。研究表明:铁聚合物插入到累托石的层间结构中,扩大了累托石的层间距;当Na+/Fe3+比值为0.5,Fe3+/累托石比值为10 mmol/g,p H为3左右,催化剂用量为0.5 g/L时,H2O2浓度为100 mg/L时,活性艳蓝的去除率达到90%以上。实验表明,铁柱撑累托石/UV/Fenton工艺对活性艳蓝具有良好的降解效果。     

Hg removal from flue gas over different zeolites modified by FeCl3

The elemental mercury removal abilities of three different zeolites (NaA, NaX, HZSM-5) impregnated with iron(III) chloride were studied on a lab-scale fixed-bed reactor. X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption porosimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) analyses were used to investigate the physicochemical properties. Results indicated that the pore structure and active chloride species on the surface of the samples are the key factors for physisorption and oxidation of Hg⁰, respectively. Relatively high surface area and micropore volume are beneficial to efficient mercury adsorption. The active Cl species generated on the surface of the samples were effective oxidants able to convert elemental mercury (Hg⁰) into oxidized mercury (Hg^2 +). The crystallization of NaCl due to the ion exchange effect during the impregnation of NaA and NaX reduced the number of active Cl species on the surface, and restricted the physisorption of Hg⁰. Therefore, the Hg⁰ removal efficiencies of the samples were inhibited. The TPD analysis revealed that the species of mercury on the surface of FeCl₃–HZSM-5 was mainly in the form of mercuric chloride (HgCl₂), while on FeCl₃–NaX and FeCl₃–NaA it was mainly mercuric oxide (HgO).     

万达广场工程排水对劳动湖水质影响分析

对劳动湖受纳周边工程排水后水质的影响变化进行了分析,并给出可行性较强的建议,为此类工程排水处理提供很好的借鉴。     

强化安全管理 改进安全工作

随着我国钢铁企业生产中科技含量的不断增加,自动化程度的逐渐深化,企业的规模也相应的扩大了.然而,在钢铁企业中安全管理中存在的问题变得越来越突出.就我国钢铁企业安全生产的现状作简要论述,并对改进安全工作提出几点意见.