光合细菌净水剂清除滇池草海蓝藻的试验研究

光合细菌净水剂对也草海蓝藻清除有较好效果，在滇池草海约８００ｍ＾３围栏水域的现场试验中，叶绿素－ａ去除率在７５％以上，藻量去除率在９０％以上，平均透明度从０．３ｍ增加到１．０６ｍ，基本上已达到试验验期目标，且有操作简便，无二次污染产物等特点。     

Three common metal contaminants of urban runoff (Zn, Cu & Pb) accumulate in freshwater biofilm and modify embedded bacterial communities

We investigated the absorption rates of zinc, copper and lead in freshwater biofilm and assessed whether biofilm bacterial populations are affected by exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of these metals in flow chamber microcosms. Metals were rapidly accumulated by the biofilm and then retained for at least 14 days after transfer to uncontaminated water. Changes in bacterial populations were assessed by Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA) and 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. Significant differences in bacterial community structure occurred within only three days of exposure to metals and remained detectable at least 14 days after transfer to uncontaminated water. The rapid uptake of stormwater-associated metals and their retention in the biofilm highlight the potential role of biofilms in the transfer of metals to organisms at higher trophic levels. The sensitivity of stream biofilm bacterial populations to metal exposure supports their use as an indicator of stream ecological health.     

Diversity of chlorobiphenyl-metabolizing bacteria and their biphenyl dioxygenases in contaminated sediment

Bacteria and bacterial communities in sites contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls have been extensively studied in the past decades. However, there are still major gaps in the knowledge of environmental processes, especially in the behavior of previously described bacteria in vitro, their real degradation abilities and the enzymes that are involved in the degradation processes.     

高效降解青霉素菌的筛选鉴定及降解效果研究

从哈尔滨制药总厂的青霉素发酵药渣中富集筛选出6株青霉素耐受菌株,经驯化后,采用高效液相色谱法检验其对青霉素的降解效率,经比较得到一株青霉素高效降解菌株,编号为JZ6。青霉素浓度300 mg/L,30℃,p H6.7,121 r/min条件下恒温震荡培养24 h后,在青霉素做唯一碳源情况下,青霉素几乎不被降解,外加碳氮源后降解率可达到99.98%。对其进行电镜扫描和16SrDNA序列分析,鉴定其属于洋葱伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia cenocepacia),16SrDNA序列长度为1451bp,在Gen Bank登录号为KF826288。     

溶藻细菌L7代谢物对水华鱼腥藻的溶藻效应

从等体积不同密度的溶藻细菌L7菌液中提取胞内、胞外代谢物,分别加入等体积等密度的水华鱼腥藻中连续培养7d,研究L7代谢物对水华鱼腥藻的溶藻效应。2.78×105~2.78×10 7cfu/mL的L7胞内代谢物能显著促进藻生长和异形胞分化,到培养结束藻密度为对照组的1.7~1.98倍;异形胞数最大可为对照组的2.31倍。2.78×10 8、2.78×10 9cfu/mL的L7胞内代谢物能抑制藻生长,藻密度最低为对照组的58%;能极显著抑制异形胞分化,可不形成异形胞。2.78×10 5~2.78×109 cfu/mL的L7胞外代谢物能极显著抑制藻生长和异形胞分化,藻密度最低为对照组的0.63%,不形成异形胞;藻丝的藻细胞间隔变模糊,藻细胞变大变形,并有大量的单个球形藻体散落。L7主要通过分泌胞外代谢物溶藻,菌胞内代谢物对藻生长有"低促高抑"的作用。     

活性炭烟气脱硫技术研究新进展

研制了新型活性炭脱硫剂－脱硫活性碳纤维。研究表明，脱硫活性碳纤维由于含碳量高、比表面积大、微孔丰富、孔径分布窄、有较多适于吸附ＳＯ２的表面官能团，因而吸附能力及吸附、脱附速度显著大于普通活性炭。在相同工艺条件下，脱硫活性碳纤维吸附容量为粒状疾性炭的４－５倍，空速粒达活性炭的１０倍。采用活性碳纤维脱硫可比普通活性碳脱硫剂用量成倍减少。另外，由于活性碳纤维阻力小，系统能耗可显著降低。活性碳烟气脱硫采用     

Bacterial water quality: Springs and streams in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Water samples from streams and springs in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park were analyzed for fecal coliform, fecal streptococcus, and total coliform bacteria. Levels of bacteria were found to be highly variable but related to elevation, time of year, type of water source, and water level of the streams. Visitors did not seem to be major contributors to bacterial contamination. Levels of fecal coliform and total coliform in most water samples were unsuitable for drinking without treatment. Tennessee state standards for body contact recreation (swimming and wading) were exceeded in a few samples but none from streams suitable for swimming. As a result of these findings, park managers increased efforts to inform visitors of the need to treat drinking water and removed improvements at backcountry springs which tended to give the springs the image of safe, maintained water sources.     

齐齐哈尔市大气微生物污染水平

通过对不同月份大气微生物数据分析得出：一年中１、２月份污染轻；６～１０月份污染重，通过对不同功能区大气微生物数据分析得出：人群密集、绿化差的“一百”采样点污染重，人群稀疏、绿化较好的“二厂”采样点污染较轻．与此同时应用制定的污染分级标准划分了各功能区、各月污染状况．     

光合细菌在污水处理中的应用

介绍光合细菌作为一种优势菌种可以在处理高浓度有机废水中发挥的作用，谈及到同时在处理中低浓度废水中与其它优势菌种协同处理时的效果。     

诺卡氏菌属对对苯二甲酸降解的研究

从活性污泥中分离驯化出一株能降解对苯二甲酸(TA)的诺卡氏菌属(文中称细菌A)，经复壮后，接种于TA液体培养基中。研究证明，该细菌对TA废水CODCr的最大去除率可达49．46％。综合考虑不同氮源对细菌A的TA降解率和去除废水CODCr效率的影响，氯化铵是最佳的氮源。