Clean energy technology transfer: A review of programs under the UNFCCC

This paper describes the experience andresults of programs designed tooperationalize the technology transferprovisions of the United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). These programs share a common goal ofdemonstrating modalities for developedcountry parties to fulfill their obligationunder the UNFCCC to supporttechnology transfer to developing countryparties that facilitates theirparticipation in global efforts to combatclimate changes. Several related U.S.bilateral programs and programs supportedby the Climate Technology Initiative, amultilateral effort on behalf of a numberof Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, are included in thisreview. The discussion highlights a numberof common elements of the approaches ofmany of these programs as well as somedifferences. It presents case studies thatfocus on methods and results in China,Mexico, and Southern Africa, and cataloguesand describes the implementation activitiesand results that these programs haveachieved. It concludes by assessing theimplications of this experience for theinternational community as it moves forwardwith the climate change technology transferenterprise.     

炼油化工废水处理技术进展

评述了国内外在炼油化工废水处理的活性污泥技术改进、微生物处理与物化处理组合技术、难降解废水无害化处理技术以及污水回用技术方面的新进展。     

中国消防科技现状与发展

本文介绍了中国消防事业发展的宏观概况；着重从消防科技实力、科研设施、科技成果应用即发展国际间消防科技合作等方面，回顾了近十年来中国消防科技发展成就；展望了中国在今年后十年内消防科技面临的任务；阐述了进一步加强消防科技工作的措施。     

Impact significance determination—Back to basics

Impact significance determination is widely recognized as a vital and critical EIA activity. But impact significance related concepts are poorly understood. And the quality of approaches for impact significance determination in EIA practice remains highly variable. This article seeks to help establish a sound and practical conceptual foundation for formulating and evaluating impact significance determination approaches.It addresses the nature (what is impact significance?), the core characteristics (what are the major properties of significance determination?), the rationale (why are impact significance determinations necessary?), the procedural and substantive objectives (what do impact significance determinations seek to achieve?), and the process for making impact significance judgments (how is impact significance determination conducted?). By identifying fundamental attributes and key distinctions associated with impact significance determinations, a basis is provided for designing and evaluating impact significance determination procedures at both the regulatory and applied levels.     

江苏省土壤污染重点监管单位管理现状与对策建议

与水、大气污染相比，土壤污染具有隐蔽性、滞后性、累积性等特点，污染土壤治理恢复成本高、周期长、难度大，需要强化源头防控，防患于未然。简述了我国土壤污染重点监管单位的管理要求，从环境准入期、施工期、运营期和退役期4个环节梳理了重点监管单位的管理要点，分析了江苏省土壤污染重点监管单位的管理现状和存在问题，并从强化宣传培训，实施分类分级管理，探索开展边生产边管控技术模式，提升基层监管能力等方面提出了对策建议，以期为江苏省土壤环境管理工作提供决策参考。     

A plasma display window?-The shifting baseline problem in a technologically mediated natural world

Humans will continue to adapt to an increasingly technological world. But are there costs to such adaptations in terms of human well being? Toward broaching this question, we investigated physiological effects of experiencing a HDTV quality real-time view of nature through a plasma display “window.” In an office setting, 90 participants (30 per group) were exposed either to (a) a glass window that afforded a view of a nature scene, (b) a plasma window that afforded a real-time HDTV view of essentially the same scene, or (c) a blank wall. Results showed that in terms of heart rate recovery from low-level stress the glass window was more restorative than a blank wall; in turn, a plasma window was no more restorative than a blank wall. Moreover, when participants spent more time looking at the glass window, their heart rate tended to decrease more rapidly; that was not the case with the plasma window. Discussion focuses on how the purported benefits of viewing nature may be attenuated by a digital medium.     

战略环境评价中的战略缺陷分析

战略环境评价的目的是消除或降低因战略缺陷造成的环境影响,从战略决策源头控制环境问题的产生。战略缺陷将通过市场结构,企业行为改变而产生环境影响,是导致环境问题的根源。战略缺陷分析是战略环境评价的重点内容,是制定战略环境影响控制,减缓措施或战略替代方案的主要依据。分析了战略缺陷的两种类型：社会经济发展战略未充分考虑其环境影响以及环境与资源战略不符合社会经济实际。重点研究了导致战略缺陷产生的原因,即内部性,决策失误,低效率,权力分配不均及政府寻租行为。提出从战略内略内容失识,战略执行失真和战略组织失效3个维度进行战略缺陷分析的方法,最后结合长春经济技术开发区战略进行实例研究,发现该战略缺陷表现在环境与社会经济发展战略不对称,投资导向政策考虑当地资源及国家有关政策不充分,产业布局规划与开发建设行动不一致以及土地利用优惠政策导致的效率偏低4个方面,其造成了一定的社会的经济及环境影响。     

遥感和GIS技术在土地利用现状调查中的应用

为了掌握抚顺地区生态环境现状,为地区环境保护及经济发展提供决策依据,我们利用遥感技术和GIS技术对抚顺市域土地利用现状进行了调查。调查以中巴资源卫星CBERS—l数据为主,结合人工详查统计,对抚顺地区土地利用现状、存在问题及变化趋势进行了阐述。     

黏胶基活性炭纤维对三氯一氟甲烷的吸附性能

采用动态吸附试验,利用自制的试验装置研究了黏胶基活性炭纤维〔Viscose-Based Activated Carbon Fibre (Viscose-Based ACF)〕对三氯一氟甲烷(CFC-11)气体的吸附效果. 在进口ρ(CFC-11)为0.5～8.0 mg/L,空塔气速为0.2 m/s,气体体积流率为0.72 m3/h的条件下,计算出黏胶基活性炭纤维对CFC-11气体的吸附,容量为0.788 g/g,传质区高度为0.077 2 m,全床层饱和度为65.47%,并作出活性炭纤维(AFC)的穿透曲线. 用Freundlich方程对等温吸附曲线进行拟合显示,进口ρ(CFC-11)在0.5～8.0 mg/L时,Freundlich方程较好地拟合了等温吸附曲线,且便于实际计算.      

计算机辅助海运安全管理系统技术研究

以海运安全管理的基本理论与机制 ,强调保障安全必须通过管理实现对“人 -机 -环境”系统的有效干预 ,指出已实行数年的海运安全管理体系 (SMS) ,因系统庞大不便使用而妨碍了安全管理效能的发挥 ,而现有的管理信息系统技术对此作为甚小。鉴此 ,以语义Web和RDF技术为核心 ,研发了计算机辅助海运安全管理系统 (CASMS) ,包括海运安全文档知识库系统 (RDMS)、海运安全管理体系文档管理系统 (SMDS)、计算机辅助海运安全审核系统 (EES) ,为实现全面高效准确的SMS文件管理与工作表管理 ,提高海运公司和政府的SMS审核质量 ,实现地区级、国家级网络化安全管理提供了新技术。该技术可普遍用于质量管理体系、职业安全与健康管理体系、环境管理体系等系统及其综合系统。