韩城燎原矿11#煤中微量元素的分布规律和赋存状态

通过对韩城燎原矿的11^#煤不同深度的煤样中的微量元素P、U、Ge和Ga进行分析,发现为11^#煤低磷煤;煤中U和Ga的含量均低于地壳中的平均含量,只有Ge含量略高于地壳中的平均含量。计算了这些微量元素与三态硫、灰分和挥发分的相关关系。结果表明Ga在煤中主要以无机态存在。P在煤中可能大部分以有机态存在,小部分以无机态存在。U与Ge在煤中可能主要以有机态存在,以无机态存在的可能性较小。     

Reduction and utilization of coal mine waste rock in China: A case study in Tiefa coalfield

In China, coal mine waste rock (CMWR) produced during coal mining and processing is still increasing significantly as a result of coal production which has huge environmental impact. CMWR reduction and utilization is a major issue for coal enterprises and government to reduce the surface footprint and the public environmental impact. Tiefa coalfield, an old coalfield with 60 years of coal exploitation, was selected as a case to study the methods to minimize the environmental impacts of CMWR piles in a short period. We argue that a systematic design on CMWR utilization is needed on the basis of a usage evaluation which takes consideration of CMWR source, compositions, and proximate analysis. Mine design is crucial and the base for reducing the CMWR generation at the headstream. Placing roadway into coal seam rather than rock, panel optimization, and parametric analysis for mining technique were conducted in Tiefa coalfield. A promising technology of CMWR backfill under the ground was employed with a resultant increase of coal recovery rate. The surface CMWR recycling depends on brick making, electricity generating, and rehabilitation of subsided land. The practice of the presented methods indicates that the CMWR piles on Tiefa coalfield may disappear in 3 years, which could significantly reduce the environmental impacts of CMWR dumps. The technologies conducted in Tiefa coalfield developed a model of CMWR reduction and utilization for Chinese coal mines.