Prenatal screening and diagnosis of neural tube defects

This review article discusses prenatal screening and diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTD). High detection rates occur in countries operating ultrasound screening programmes because classical two-dimensional ultrasound cranial signs (lemon shaped head, banana cerebellum, ventriculomegaly) are important diagnostic clues to the presence of spina bifida. Careful evaluation of both the spine and a search for other abnormalities is warranted. Important prognostic information for spina bifida relates to the lesion level, with a “watershed” between L3 and L4 marking a very high chance of being wheelchair bound with the higher lesions. Three-dimensional ultrasound using multiplanar views can achieve diagnostic accuracy within one vertebral body in around 80% of patients. There are high rates of pregnancy termination for spina bifida in many European countries, but the use of new imagining techniques allow better prediction of outcome, and consequently a refinement of prenatal counselling. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高峰矿提升机用钢丝绳无损检测方法的研究

介绍了利用漏磁场原理检测钢丝绳断丝 ,磁桥回路测量钢丝绳磨损信号 ,并实现在一个传感器中对上述多种缺陷的综合检测。在信号处理方面 ,结合不同信号特征 ,设计了相应的电路和处理软件 ,实现了缺陷的定量检测     

试论自然资源保护法

自然资源保护法属于环境保护法的一个组成部分。目前,我国自然资源保护法还不十分完善,与自然资源保护和经济发展的要求不相适应。本文针对自然资源保护法存在的缺陷,提出进一步完善的建议,以利于我国自然资源保护事业的发展。     

Two- and three-dimensional ultrasound in malformations of the medullary canal: report of four cases

A comparison between two-dimensional (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography was made in four fetuses diagnosed with neural tube defect (NTD) in the first half of pregnancy. 3D ultrasonography (orthogonal and multiplanar systems) proved to be an excellent complement to 2D, particularly when using orthogonal planes. When using the 3D multiplanar surface imaging system, excellent images of the malformations can be rapidly obtained. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

公路隧道衬砌背后缺陷风险评估研究

衬砌背后缺陷是隧道工程的常见病害之一,具有隐蔽性、复杂性和不确定性等特点,因此就衬砌背后缺陷存在时的隧道结构风险评估进行了研究。对衬砌背后缺陷进行辨识和分析,确定缺陷发生的概率,同时对一个二维圆形公路隧道模型设置不同位置且大小不同的各种背后缺陷,数值模拟得出这些缺陷对衬砌结构内力的影响,从而建立其后果的严重程度,再采用风险矩阵得出风险等级。在此基础上以某公路隧道为例,就存在的衬砌缺陷对该隧道结构进行具体的风险评估。衬砌背后存在缺陷时,衬砌的内力会大幅增长,使得结构面临很大的破坏风险,采用风险评估的方法得出具体的风险等级,从而正确定位缺陷,可以更加直观地看出衬砌背后缺陷对隧道结构的危害。