我国建筑安全生产管理责任制度的政策评估与完善

综合评价了我国现行建筑安全生产管理责任制度实施的效果及其影响,指出造成当前政策争议的根源在于对事故致因的规律理解不够、对建设单位和监理单位的经济及社会属性认识不清,以及对威慑性(而不是服务性)安全管理手段的偏好。建筑安全生产责任的分配应充分考虑事故致因规律及各方控制能力,制度设计应纳入建设单位作为生产者的属性特征,政府管理应注重激励和引导的监管手段。     

重庆市土地储备制度的融资选择

城市土地储备制度的运行必须以连续的资金流为保汪，但是传统的融资渠道，如财政拨款和银行贷款已不能满足当前城市土地整理及开发中巨大的资金需求。以重庆市为例，从分析重庆市城市土地利用状况和土地市场特点出发，运用PPP模式和ABS模式，提出土地信托和土地债券的概念，得出一条创新的城市土地储备制度融资渠道，以加强城市抵御各方面风险的能力。     

The sands of Forvie (Scotland): A case study in geomorphology and conservational management

The Sands of Forvie, National Nature Reserve, Scotland is a complex coastal sand dune system which is associated with the dynamic estuary of the River Ythan. The dune system has developed over more than 5000 years. The south partis a peninsula of dunes, sandhills, sand arcs, erosion and deflation surfaces. The north part is superimposed on a rock plateau with a cliff coastline. This plateau is covered in glacial deposits and is essentially an upland heath landscape. Some of the best examples of large active parabolic dunes in Britain are found in North Forvie. The sequence of geomorphic development is described. As a nature reserve with a rich ecology it has been managed for conservational purposes since 1960s. As such it is an excellent case study of how conservational management has changed to become more flexible and more aware of the importance of dynamic processes.     

黄河三角洲自然保护区生物多样性及其保护

介绍了黄河三角洲自然保护区内物种多样性和生态系统的多样性,分析了破坏和威胁生物多样性的因素,提出了自然保护区生物多样性保护措施。     

论长白山自然保护区的综合功能效应

自然保护区除了具有保护自然环境和自然资源的功能,还具有开展科学研究、资源持续利用示范、开展宣传教育等多方面的功能效应。本文针对长白山国家级自然保护区的管理目标,阐述了该保护区为实现管理目标而进行的功能区划分,进而揭示了该保护区在现有功能区划分的基础上所发挥出的综合功能效应,可为全国同类自然保护区的管理提供借鉴     

甘家湖荒漠梭梭林自然保护区管理问题的初探

结合西北实际对甘家湖梭梭林自然保护区的现状及管理进行了初步分析,并提出应如何加强管理的对策和建议。     

典型药物污染物的SPE-UPLC-MS-MS检测方法

采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(SPE-UPLC-MS-MS)测定自然水体中的10种典型药物污染。比较了2种萃取柱HLB和C18的富集效果,并对水样pH、萃取柱的淋洗溶剂及水样体积进行了优化。结果表明,采用HLB小柱进行富集净化,水样体积为500 mL,调节pH=3.0,95%甲醇洗脱,在0~200μg/L范围内10种药物的标准曲线线性关系良好(r≥0.999),方法检出限0.5~2.0 ng/L,精密度高(RSD10%),加标回收率为64.3%~100.7%。经过对太湖和某污水厂排水口水样的测试,表明该方法适用于自然水体药物的快速检测,同时大部分药物被检出,说明选择的10种目标药物及建立的检测方法对研究中国水体药物污染具有一定的参考价值。     

西方传统自然观的演变与影响

本文认为,古代有机论自然观和近代机械论自然观分别对原始－－农业文明和工业文明时代人类的生存方式对社会结构产生了实质性的影响,而１９世纪后期以来对机械论自然观的批判则为现代环境运动的兴起提供了必要的哲学前提。     

The influence of food change on the development ofArchips podana Sc. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a polyphagous insect

The influence of food change on the development of the mothArchips podana was studied. Larvae of a natural population were collected from an apple tree. Nevertheless, the minimal duration of development and the maximal weight of pupae in the next generation were observed in insects that developed on plum, pear, and currant, rather than on apple trees. Transfer has effect on larvae of late instars: transfer from the plum to other trees results in the deterioration of developmental parameters, while that from apple to plum and currant leads to their improvement. This procedure has an effect on the proportion of pupating larvae. The timing of egg laying influences the development and mortality of the larvae. The development of adults from older clutches on apple is comparable to that on plum.     

Prioritizing debt conversion opportunities for marine conservation

Incentivized debt conversion is a financing mechanism that can assist countries with a heavy debt burden to bolster their long-term domestic investment in nature conservation. The Nature Conservancy, an international conservation-based nongovernmental organization, is adapting debt conversions to support marine conservation efforts by small island developing states and coastal countries. Prioritizing debt conversion opportunities according to their potential return on investment can increase the impact and effectiveness of this finance mechanism. We developed guidance on how to do so with a decision-support approach that relies on a novel threat-based adaptation of cost-effectiveness analysis. We constructed scenarios by varying parameters of the approach, including enabling conditions, expected benefits, and threat classifications. Incorporating both abatable and unabatable threats affected priorities across planning scenarios. Similarly, differences in scenario construction resulted in unique solution sets for top priorities. We show how environmental organizations, private entities, and investment banks can adopt structured prioritization frameworks for making decisions about conservation finance investments, such as debt conversions. Our guidance can accommodate a suite of social, ecological, and economic considerations, making the approach broadly applicable to other conservation finance mechanisms or investment strategies that seek to establish a transparent process for return-on-investment decision-making.