全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1698篇 |
免费 | 146篇 |
国内免费 | 307篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 160篇 |
废物处理 | 23篇 |
环保管理 | 269篇 |
综合类 | 1013篇 |
基础理论 | 212篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 121篇 |
评价与监测 | 62篇 |
社会与环境 | 213篇 |
灾害及防治 | 76篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 28篇 |
2022年 | 37篇 |
2021年 | 49篇 |
2020年 | 57篇 |
2019年 | 52篇 |
2018年 | 45篇 |
2017年 | 87篇 |
2016年 | 79篇 |
2015年 | 79篇 |
2014年 | 75篇 |
2013年 | 137篇 |
2012年 | 143篇 |
2011年 | 150篇 |
2010年 | 111篇 |
2009年 | 116篇 |
2008年 | 90篇 |
2007年 | 122篇 |
2006年 | 118篇 |
2005年 | 89篇 |
2004年 | 65篇 |
2003年 | 50篇 |
2002年 | 58篇 |
2001年 | 36篇 |
2000年 | 35篇 |
1999年 | 36篇 |
1998年 | 23篇 |
1997年 | 24篇 |
1996年 | 25篇 |
1995年 | 28篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 15篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2151条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
341.
A值法研究大气总量控制的环境质量达标保证率 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在总量控制区用A值法实行总量控制后,总量控制区在符合污染物年允许排放总量限值时,污染物的日平均浓度和小时平均浓度不一定能达到国家或地区大气环境质量标准。为了反映总量控制区环境质量达标情况,本文提出了A值法研究大气总量控制的环境质量达标保证率的概念,通过总量控制A值法的基本原理,给出小时/日环境质量达标保征率的量化公式,经过分析得到;环境质量达标保证率与污染物种类有关,同一污染物的保证率与A值的年分布情况密切相关。同时利用长江下游某地的2000年气象资料分析该地区A值的变化趋势,求得该地区SO2和N02的小时保征率分别为97.4%、90.2%,日保征率分别为90.2%、79.5%。 相似文献
342.
343.
随着社会经济的发展人地矛盾变得越发突出,已经成为制约城市经济进一步发展的桎梏.泉州市在社会经济快速发展的同时面临着土地资源严重紧缺的问题,亟需对其市域土地承载力进行研究,并用来指导城市的发展,从生态敏感性的视角,通过对泉州市域的生态用地和城建用地的划分,在以保护生态用地为前提的基础上,对其生态用地规模和城市用地规模进行测算,最后分别按照国际和国内两种指标来测算其土地资源承载力. 相似文献
344.
The evolution of sustainability 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Six separate but related strains of thought have emerged prominently since 1950 in discussions of such phenomena as the interrelationships among rates of population growth, resource use, and pressure on the environment. They are the ecological/carrying capacity root, the resources/environment root, the biosphere root, the critique of technology root, the no growth/slow growth root, and the ecodevelopment root.Each of these strains of thought was fully developed before the word sustainable itself was used. Many of the roots are based on fundamentally opposing assessments of the future of mankind. Many of the roots, such as the ecology/carrying capacity root, are based on physical concepts, and they exclude normative values. Others, such as the ecodevelopment root, include such values as equity, broad participation in governance, and decentralized government.When the word sustainability was first used in 1972 in the context of man's future, in a British book,Blueprint for Survival, normative concepts were prominent. This continued to be the case when the word was first used in 1974 in the United States to justify a no growth economy.Sustainability was first used in a United Nations document in 1978. Normative concepts, encapsulated in the term ecodevelopment, were prominent in the United Nations publications.After about 1978, the term sustainability began to be used not only in technological articles and reports but also in policy documents culminating in the use of the term in the report of the summit meeting of the Group of Seven in 1989.The roots of the term sustainability are so deeply embedded in fundamentally different concepts, each of which has valid claims to validity, that a search for a single definition seems futile. The existence of multiple meaning is tolerable if each analyst describes clearly what he means by sustainability. 相似文献
345.
Environmental degradation, competition for resources, increasing food demands, and the integration of agriculture into the
international economy threaten the sustainability of many food production systems. Despite these concerns, the concept of
sustainable food production systems remains unclear, and recent attempts to appraise sustainability have been hampered by
conceptual inconsistencies and the absence of workable definitions. Six perspectives are shown to underpin the concept. Environmental
accounting identifies biophysical limits for agriculture. Sustained yield refers to output levels that can be maintained continuously.
Carrying capacity defines maximum population levels that can be supported in perpetuity. Production unit viability refers
to the capacity of primary producers to remain in agriculture. Product supply and security focuses on the adequacy of food
supplies. Equity is concerned with the spatial and temporal distribution of products dervied from resource use. Many studies
into sustainable agriculture cover more than one of these perspectives, indicating the concept is complex and embraces issues
relating to the biophysical, social, and economic environments. Clarification of the concept would facilitate the development
of frameworks and analytical systems for appraising the sustainability of food production systems.
LRRC Contribution No. 90–46. 相似文献
346.
G. N. Rao J. N. Beck H. E. Murray D. J. Nyman 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1991,27(1):47-58
ABSTRACT: Specific capacity data obtained from Well Construction reports which are available from USGS offices, can provide useful estimates of tranamissivity (T), and hydraulic conductivity (K), of an aquifer. The Chicot Aquifer in Louisiana is one of the largest sources of fresh ground water in North America. Hydrologic data collected for the Chicot Aquifer indicate that specific capacity tests can be used in estimating local and regional values for T and K, if the Cooper-Jacob equation for transient flow is used with proper corrections for well loss and partial penetration. Where full scale pumping test data are scarce, specific capacity test data that are adequately distributed spatially can be used to map changes in T and K values and can be summarized statistically to indicate applicable regional values. A computer program called “TGUESS” which is available from International Ground Water Modeling Center, Holcomb Research Institute, was used in this study. The contour maps for T and K values are prepared for different well depth intervals to avoid wide variation of values. 相似文献
347.
Local knowledge is a valuable asset in observing and managing environmental change, and importantly, is an unheralded source of adaptive capacity. Torres Strait Islanders are no exception, having used such knowledge to adapt to biophysical changes in their environment for centuries. This article explores the ways in which Islanders have coped in the past with environmental changes to plan for their future. This article focuses on Erub Island in the eastern group of islands in the Torres Strait and charts the adaptation actions or activities employed by respected locals (Elders and Aunties). Drawing on their local knowledge, these actions or activities have included the building of rock walls and wind breaks, using native species to re-vegetate sand cays and the coastal foreshore, applying self-sufficient practices such as fish traps and gardening, reading and respecting country, and transferring this knowledge to the younger generation. In this way, it is the Islanders themselves who detail, based on their local knowledge, what is most appropriate for their community. 相似文献
348.
David R. Hargis Charles A. McCauley 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1981,17(3):494-497
Two wellfields have been developed to provide water for a coal fired electric generating station in Arizona. Wellfield No. 1 penetrates the unconfined Coconino Sandstone aquifer, and wellfield No. 2 penetrates the composite Kaibab Limestone-Coconino Sandstone aquifer where ground water occurs under confined conditions. A well in each wellfield was pumped and water level drawdown data were collected before and after acidizing. The drawdown data at the various pumping rates were analyzed to determine the potential benefits of acidizing production water wells in both wellfields. After acidizing, the specific capacity of the well in wellfield No. 1 was improved about 50 percent at water production rates ranging from about 200 to 500 gallons per minute (gpm) (13 to 32 liters per second (lps)). After acidizing, the specific capacity of the well completed in wellfield No. 2 was improved about 100 percent at pumping rates ranging from about 1,250 to 2,200 gpm (79 to 139 lps). An annual saving of approximately 11 percent in pumping costs can be realized in wellfield No. 2, and savings are approximately four percent in wellfield No. 1. Acidization is beneficial for wells that can produce more than 500 gpm (32 lps), and is of marginal value for those that produce less than that amount. 相似文献
349.
350.
为了降低离子交换膜的制膜费用,同时为后期微生物燃料电池中的应用提供依据和参考,实验研究了用臭氧预处理过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)引发条件制备聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)接枝对苯乙烯磺酸钠(SSS)聚合物(PVDF-g-SSS)。傅里叶红外分光光度计(FT-IR)确认了产物的化学组成,用溶剂挥发法制得离子交换膜(PS膜)。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)分析了膜的结晶形态及膜面元素组成,并考察SSS单体用量对膜的离子交换容量、电导率及亲水性等性质的影响。结果表明:接枝反应对PVDF晶型影响较小,PS膜表面有S元素生成;臭氧处理后PVDF易与SSS发生接枝聚合反应,且离子交换容量与SSS单体用量成较好的线性关系,当PVDF/SSS的配比为1:5,PVDF-g-SSS占铸膜液含量的5%时,PS膜的最高离子交换容量可达2.5 mmol·g-1,电导率可达0.046 s·cm-1。 相似文献