Building a place‐responsive society through inclusive local projects and networks

This paper presents the story of a project undertaken by researchers who are active participants in the national Australian debate over place and belonging. It arose from the desire to ground this debate, which brings issues of ecological sustainability, reconciliation and multiculturalism together, in more localised action aimed at building a ‘place‐responsive society’. The project was carried out as a case study in a region that combines part of the Sydney metropolitan area and the separate ‘city’ of the Blue Mountains, and involved a consultative committee and then a regional forum of conservationists, environmental educators and community workers. The researchers explored existing place‐oriented initiatives in the region and developed practical projects for the future, most notably a proposal for ‘totemic species’ work within schools involving local Aboriginal people. The research demonstrated, more than anything else, that indigenous Australian approaches to ‘place awareness’ and nature conservation remain highly relevant in contemporary Australia. It also showed that bioregional awareness and the notion of place responsiveness can add value to more traditional approaches to nature conservation and environmental education. There are opportunities to galvanise local action that can integrate community and environmental work and revitalise professional practice in both areas, but the effort involves working constantly with difference and conflict.     

Evaluating the effect of vehicle impoundment policy on illegal construction and demolition waste dumping: Israel as a case study

Construction and demolition (C&D) waste dumped alongside roads and in open areas is a major source of soil and underground water pollution. Since 2006, Israeli ministry for environmental protection enacted a policy of vehicle impoundment (VI) according to which track drivers caught while dumping C&D waste illegally have their vehicles impounded. The present study attempted to determine whether the VI policy was effective in increasing the waste hauling to authorized landfill sites, thus limiting the number of illegal unloads of C&D waste at unauthorized landfill sites and in open areas. During the study, changes in the ratio between the monthly amount of C&D waste brought to authorized landfills sites and the estimated total amount of C&D waste generated in different administrative districts of Israel were examined, before and after the enactment of the 2006 VI policy. Short questionnaires were also distributed among local track drivers in order to determine the degree of awareness about the policy in question and estimate its deterrence effects. According to the study’s results, in the district of Haifa, in which the VI policy was stringently enacted, the ratio between C&D waste, dumped in authorized landfill sites, and the total amount of generated C&D waste, increased, on the average, from 20% in January 2004 to 35% in October 2009, with the effect attributed to the number of vehicle impoundments being highly statistically significant (t = 2.324; p < 0.05). By contrast, in the Jerusalem and Southern districts, in which the VI policy was less stringently enforced, the effect of VI on the above ratio was found to be insignificant (p > 0.1). The analysis of the questionnaires, distributed among the local truck drivers further indicated that the changes observed in the district of Haifa are not coincident and appeared to be linked to the VI policy’s enactment. In particular, 62% of the truck drivers, participated in the survey, were aware of the policy and 47% of them personally knew a driver whose vehicle was impounded. Furthermore, the drivers estimated the relative risk of being caught for unloading C&D waste in unauthorized sites, on the average, as high as 67%, which is likely to become a deterrent on its own. Our conclusion is that the VI policy appears to have a deterring effect on truck drivers, by encouraging them to haul C&D waste to authorized landfill sites. As we suggest, the research methodology implemented in the study and its results may help policy makers in other regions and countries, which experience similar environment enforcement problem, to analyze policy responses.     

科技攻关防沙止漠综合整治西北国土——"荒漠化治理技术研究与示范"项目评述

本文论述了“九五”国家科技攻关项目“荒漠化治理技术研究与示范”，在我国北方沙地整治和西北地区生态环境建设中的示范作用，并详细分析了所取得的成果和技术创新以及由此而产生的深远影响，为有关研究和决策机构提供一定的参考。     

Disposal of Coal Fly Ash at A Deep Water Site in the Eastern Mediterranean Off Israel - Six Years of Monitoring

Coal fly ash (CFA) is dumped at a deep sea disposal site (1,500m water depth) in the eastern Mediterranean, ca. 70km off the Israeli shore. Since 1989, about one million tons of CFA were dumped at the 200km² allocated area. Six years of monitoring at the dump-site shows that the CFA is heterogeneously distributed; there are areas where CFA covers about 1.3cm depth of the sea floor while at others no CFA is found. CFA is present as a fine powder, small aggregates and even as large blocks both in the dump-site as well as at its peripheries. Cadmium, copper and zinc concentrations in the CFA decreased as a result of the prolonged contact with sea water at in situ conditions while inconclusive changes in mercury, iron and manganese were detected. No changes were observed for lead, iron and aluminium concentrations. A controlled long term field experiment, now in progress at the site, is expected to clarify further chemical changes occurring in the CFA.     

昆明市会展旅游发展初探

昆明市地处云贵高原，具有得天独厚的自然环境，自然景观、人文旅游景观和科研考察资源丰富，有发展会展旅游的有利条件，但也存在经济基础较差、离中国政治经济中心较远等制约性因素。通过对昆明市发展会展旅游的有利条件和存在问题的分析，将该市会展旅游发展目标定位为会议目的地和与旅游关系密切的展览展示节会目的地，并针对目前会展旅游中存在的问题，提出了发展会展旅游的若干措施。     

Floodplain management in London,Ontario, Canada: Assessing implementation of section 28 of the conservation authorities act

An assessment of floodplain regulation by the Upper Thames River Conservation Authority in the City of London for the period 1978–1989 was undertaken. Utilizing a mix of data sources available through the conservation authority office, questionnaires administered to flooplain residents, interviews with relevant government officials, and housing statistics, the study concludes that regulations have been administered in an equitable and efficient manner. However, regulations have had some problems in controlling all development activity and in addressing policy objectives. Problems arise from weaknesses in the Conservation Authorities Act, an ensuing lack of judicial and participating municipal support in prosecuting violations, and inadequate monitoring and enforcement of development activity. Without addressing these issues, the basic problems associated with floodplain management in Ontario will remain.     

《国际船舶压载水和沉积物管理与控制公约》简介

介绍了国际海事组织新通过的《国际船舶压载水和沉积物管理与控制公约》的主要要求，包括公约本身的条款和技术负责的规定，该公约是IMO通过的第一个涉及生物入侵方面的海洋环境保护公约，将会对各国船队产生重要影响。     

环境(非关税)贸易壁垒判析及其对策探讨

ＷＴＯ中有关环境的，国际环境公约、ＩＳＯ１４０００、等有关条款，本身并非绿色贸易壁垒，基于此，分析了绿色贸易壁垒的起因特征，对其相模糊的条款与规定，有可能成为绿色贸易壁垒的误区作了判析，提出了绿色贸易壁垒的５种形式：环境税、市场准入、环境技术标准、环境标志和贸易制裁，以及我国的对策思路。     

坑口电厂排土场废弃物排放的环境影响及防治措施

阐述了坑口电站排土场废弃物排放对环境产生的影响并提出了排土场污染防治措施．     

珠江口海洋倾倒区现状与存在问题讨论

通过对珠江口海洋倾倒区现状的分析,揭示珠江口在海洋倾倒区存在的问题,探讨泥沙运动格局对海洋环境自然平衡的影响,提出海洋倾倒区规划要注意的问题.