Ecological Features of Green Strawberry Cenopopulations in the Steppe Transvolga Region

The results of field studies at the Krasnosamarskii Station of Samara State University (the Samara River valley, the subzone of herb–sheep's fescue–feather grass steppes on ordinary chernozem) have shown that the age structure, ecological density, age index, and regeneration capacity of green strawberry cenopopulations depend on the trophic level and moisture content of soil and on the shading and mulching action of litter.     

西藏日喀则地区旅游资源开发对策研究

西藏传统旅游地日喀则地区富含众多极品旅游资源,但是由于主客观因素制约,旅游资源尚未得到深度开发,市场影响力小.从构建产业发展动力机制、形成良性化产业发展形态为着眼点,提出系列开发对策,冀望为日喀则地区旅游业的跨越式发展提供有益借鉴.     

浅析新疆博斯腾湖的生态旅游

博斯腾湖是全国最大的内陆淡水湖，是新疆南疆地区经济发展和人民生活的主要水源，也是塔里木河下游生态应急输水的直接水源，同时，博斯腾湖还是当地著名的旅游风景区。因此，在发展当地旅游业的同时，要兼顾博斯腾湖的生态环境，实现生态环境与经济发展“双赢”的目的，而要实现这个目的的关键在于如何在当地开展生态旅游。     

干旱区极端环境下营造固沙林的探讨

干旱区环境极端恶劣,近年来,由于人为干扰,荒漠化面积扩大,使本以脆弱的生态系统逆向发展,给人们生活带来影响。因此,目前防沙治沙已成为一件意义重大而又十分艰巨的任务。其中,林业的建设有不可替代的作用,在固沙林营造过程中,要因地制宜,切合实际,选择适宜的树种,合理的搭配,以水为平衡中心,确定适当的种植密度,建立一个完善的固沙林体系。本文着重讨论固沙林营造的措施。     

长白山区立体气候资源与立体农业开发

本文概述了吉林省东部长白山区农业气候资源的立体变化规律,分析了如何根据立体气候规律安排农作物品种的垂直布局,确定主要特产植物适宜裁培高度、森林植被类型和立体农业生态经济系统建设等问题,指出了充分利用气候资源搞好山区农业立体开发的有效途径。     

Realising local food policies: a comparison between Toronto and the Brussels-Capital Region’s stories through the lenses of reflexivity and co-learning

ABSTRACT

This paper revisits the development of Toronto and Brussels’ local food policies by analysing reflexivity and co-learning as important dimensions within a Hybrid Governance Approach (HGA); it approaches the interaction between four forms of governance (bottom-up, networked, state, market-led) and the tensions between them as hybrid dynamics. Within this approach, reflexivity refers to the positionality of agents, i.e. to the ways local food actors embody as well as reflect on and reconsider their principles and practices through time. Closely related to reflexivity, co-learning involves agential interactions to co-construct enabling food policy delivery systems. The HGA is mobilised to understand the ways in which reflexive capacities, as well as co-learning, take place in the two cases and how they lay the basis of particular modes of (de)institutionalisation. Learning from the two cases’ trajectories, this paper highlights: (a) the role of key governance tensions as triggers as well as breeding grounds for reflexivity and co-learning outcomes; (b) the challenges of food movement actors to surmount or valorise key tensions in order to build accountable modes of food policy delivery through time; (c) the struggles to build legitimacy and accountability in local food movements through the development of bottom-linked organisations and governance modes.     

辽宁中部地区沙尘来源及输送方式分析

以2010年春季3~5月间,辽宁省沈阳市、盘锦市、铁岭市3城市发生的3次沙尘天气为主要研究对象,利用安德森大流量采样器采集大气中悬浮颗粒物样品,分析不同沙尘天气状况下的颗粒物粒径组成,并结合气象状况采用后推气流轨迹模型,通过沙尘来临时3城市上空不同高度的后推气流轨迹,分析得出3城市沙尘的主要来源为蒙古高原与西伯利亚地区,输送方式以高空远距离输送为主,并伴随部分低空近距离传输和本地扬尘共同作用。     

各等级道路网对纵向岭谷区景观结构健康的影响

景观健康是近年来景观生态学与生态系统健康学相互交叉、相互耦合的一个新的研究领域.从景观结构角度,利用缓冲区、情景对比和景观指数等分析方法,研究了各等级道路对我国西南纵向岭谷区景观结构健康的影响.研究结果表明,我国西南纵向岭谷区道路影响生态系统的面积占区域面积比例的5.42%,低等级道路对生态系统的面积和景观破碎化影响较显著,而对耕地和建设用地的影响弱于高等级道路;由于道路对生态系统变化的驱动作用,使耕地和建设用地在道路影响域的面积比例高于其在全区的比例.随着道路网的扩展,景观结构健康指数从不考虑道路对生态系统影响下的0.42下降至考虑所有道路对生态系统影响下的0.24,从一般状态下降到亚健康状态,景观结构健康随着道路网密度的增加,其下降幅度较大.纵向岭谷区具有特殊的地理环境与生态系统,研究道路对该区的景观结构健康的影响,具有理论与现实意义.     

Relevant variables to predict macrophyte communities in running waters

In both predictive theoretical and empirical models for aquatic plant communities in running waters, the development and competition are many times explained in terms of nutrients. Minerals necessary for growth are generally not assumed to be limiting, although they influence the important pH-value. At the same time it is known that factors such as oxygen-concentration, solar energy, salinity, dimension of the system and soil characteristics (including river sediments) influence the development of the community, and should be considered in modelling. Effects of water quantity and water quality on macrophytes are reviewed. These conditions are caused by processes in the landscape, characterised by a set of nested variables which explain the distribution of macrophyte species and communities. Relevant variables are described and grouped on three scales: regional, local and site conditions. Case studies with direct and indirect gradient analysis are presented. Statistical tests (stepwise regression with forward selection) reveal that each species distribution is explained by a characteristic set of relevant variables, ranging from soil type and dimension of the system, to nutrient and salinity concentration.     

苏南区域尾水调度处理战略构想

苏南是长江三角洲中人口最集中、经济最发达、环境最敏感的地区之一,日益严重的水污染已困扰该地区的可持续发展.根据苏南地区水污染和自然地理状况,提出了"控源导流,清污两制,三级控制、三级标准"的水污染控制战略思想.构建了苏锡常地区具体的尾水导流及尾水资源化生态处理方案,提出了方案的实施步骤和管理协调机制,并初步分析了方案的预期效益.