Yearlong hibernation in a marsupial mammal

Many mammals hibernate each year for about 6 months in autumn and winter and reproduce during spring and summer when they are generally not in torpor. I tested the hypothesis that the marsupial pygmy-possum (Cercartetus nanus), an opportunistic nonseasonal hibernator with a capacity for substantial fattening, would continue to hibernate well beyond winter. I also quantified how long they were able to hibernate without access to food before their body fat stores were depleted. Pygmy-possums exhibited a prolonged hibernation season lasting on average for 310 days. The longest hibernation season in one individual lasted for 367 days. For much of this time, despite periodic arousals after torpor bouts of ∼12.5 days, energy expenditure was reduced to only ∼2.5% of that predicted for active individuals. These observations represent the first report on body-fat-fuelled hibernation of up to an entire year and provide new evidence that prolonged hibernation is not restricted to placental mammals living in the cold.     

某灵巧弹药红外敏感器部件贮存加速寿命试验应力的研究

对于结构复杂的新型弹药元件,难以通过传统的统计试验方法来验证其可靠性,而现阶段基于模型的加速寿命试验方法受到加速模型的限制,只适应于元器件级及材料级的传统弹药元件。在明确某灵巧弹药红外敏感器部件结构特征的基础上,以步进加速寿命试验理论与方法为依据,逐一对各组件进行分层次的贮存失效分析,归纳出贮存环境中导致红外敏感器部件失效的主要应力类型,并提出该部件可采取恒定湿度、步进温度的加速寿命试验方法进行可靠性验证。     

厌氧胶粘剂的贮存寿命试验研究

采用热空气老化加速试验,对厌氧胶粘剂的贮存寿命进行了试验研究.讨论了试验温度、试验时间对接头粘结强度的影响,分析了粘接试样的破坏类型,并分别以拉伸剪切强度下降20%、30%和50%为失效指标,评价了厌氧胶粘剂的粘接贮存寿命.     

高温、湿热环境下氟橡胶密封圈失效研究

通过开展F-108氟橡胶O形密封圈高温加速老化试验和湿热试验,分析了其在不同环境下的失效规律,评估了25℃条件下氟橡胶的贮存寿命。结果表明,70℃,85%RH和70℃,95%RH下氟橡胶的湿热老化速率分别是热空气老化速率的7.47倍和8.65倍;在热空气老化初期,由非化学因素引起的橡胶压缩永久变形远比化学反应引起的变形要大得多;氟橡胶密封圈常温下贮存寿命大约为10 a,但高温高湿环境会使其寿命大大缩短。     

经营时间梯度上的毛竹林碳氮动态特征

应用典型样方法对不同经营方式和经营持续时间的毛竹林碳氮贮量变化特征进行了研究。结果表明,施肥降低毛竹林系统碳氮贮量,垦复增加毛竹林系统碳氮贮量。两种经营模式毛竹林系统碳氮贮量的分布格局均以土壤层最大,植被层次之。其中,碳贮量土壤层占63.25%~86.32%,植被层占13.17%~35.15%;氮贮量土壤层占94.44%~98.15%,植被层占1.62%~5.12%。施肥、垦复对竹林系统碳氮贮量的影响主要通过对土壤层碳氮贮量的改变来实现。不同经营时间毛竹林土壤碳氮贮量排列顺序不同,施肥毛竹林土壤碳贮量的排列顺序为对照>施肥13 a>施肥5 a,氮贮量的排列顺序为对照>施肥5 a>施肥13 a;垦复毛竹林土壤碳氮贮量的排列顺序为垦复3 a>垦复10 a>对照。经营模式和经营时间梯度上毛竹林土壤碳氮贮量变化的不同步,造成了土壤碳氮比差异较大。其中,施肥毛竹林土壤碳氮比为18~39,垦复土壤碳氮比为13~16,施肥毛竹林碳氮比变化幅度较垦复毛竹林更剧烈,碳氮比的剧烈变化可能对土壤微生物群落和持续立地生产力产生不良影响。施肥和垦复均能够有效提高地上部分的碳氮贮量,但不同经营模式和经营时间的毛竹林碳氮分布格局不同。施肥毛竹林的碳氮比为260,垦复毛竹林的碳氮比为167,毛竹林碳氮分布格局的多样性为毛竹制定专属的培育措施提供了可能。     

硫磺安全仓储关键技术

介绍了硫磺火灾爆炸机理,并对硫磺仓储系统的危险性进行了分析。结合相关实验数据,提出了仓库设计、工艺运行、事故预防中的安全措施,以保证硫磺散装系统能够安全、长周期平稳运行。     

航空导弹贮存期寿命分析

系统地阐述了航空导弹贮存期寿命分析的相关背景和基本概念.从导弹贮存过程中故障发生的原因分类出发,区分了导弹贮存过程中涉及到的贮存寿命、免维修期、维修间隔期、使用寿命等概念.介绍了国内外导弹贮存期寿命分析相关研究领域的进展情况.最后,对航空导弹贮存期寿命分析领域的发展方向及关键技术进行了展望.     

An equivalence factor between CO2 avoidedemissions and sequestration – description andapplications in forestry

Concern about the issue of permanence andreversibility of the effects of carbon sequestrationhas led to the need to devise accounting methods thatquantify the temporal value of storing carbon that hasbeen actively sequestered or removed from theatmosphere, as compared to carbon stored as a resultof activities taken to avoid emissions. This paperdescribes a method for accounting for the atmosphericeffects of sequestration-based land-use projects inrelation to the duration of carbon storage. Firstly,the time period over which sequestered carbon shouldbe stored in order to counteract the radiative forcingeffect of carbon emissions was calculated, based onthe residence time and decay pattern of atmosphericCO₂, its Absolute Global Warming Potential. Thistime period was called the equivalence time, andwas calculated to be approximately 55 years. From thisequivalence time, the effect of storage of 1 tCO₂ for 1 year was derived, and found to besimilar to preventing the effect of the emission of0.0182 tCO₂. Potential applications of thistonne.year figure, here called the equivalencefactor, are then discussed in relation to theestimation of atmospheric benefits over time ofsequestration-based land use projects.     

对会计电算化环境下会计档案管理的思考

伴随着会计电算化工作在我国各企、事业单位中的普遍深入,会计电算化档案的管理工作面临着新的创新与发展.通过对会计电算化档案特点进行分析,介绍了在会计电算化环境下会计档案脱离于原计算机系统的收集方法、不同的信息载体存储介质及计算机软硬件环境下管理与保存、软件系统版本的不断升级对电算化会计档案的调阅利用.     

Pd-K/MgAlO催化剂上的NO_x存储、脱附和还原过程

利用程序升温脱附(TPD)、程序升温表面反应(TPSR)和原位红外光谱(in situ IR)等技术研究了Pd-K/MgAlO催化剂上的NOx存储、脱附和还原过程.结果表明,NOx在Pd-K/MgAlO上主要以硝酸根和亚硝酸根的形式存储.在Pd的催化作用下,部分亚硝酸根被氧化为强酸性的硝酸根,变得更容易存储.由NOx-TPD计算得到Pd-K/MgAlO的NOx存储容量高达890.4μmol.g-1.此外,在NOx脱附及H2还原的实验中均发现了Pd催化的亚硝酸盐歧化分解反应,该反应通过亚硝酸盐溢流至Pd位实现.亚硝酸盐的溢流产生了两个作用:促进NOx低温脱附及促进H2对存储NOx的还原.此发现为NOx存储物种的溢流机理提供了一个有力的证据.