Effects of nutrients on Microcystis growth more easily forming bloom

Different nutrient media experimentally were N, P and Fe-limited conditions and a serial of diluted BGll media. The cell change of morphology and life history, cell number, cell color and cell area of Microcystis were analyzed quantitatively. First, the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and iron depletion were distinctively different. Phosphorus and iron depletion caused more special division cells,slowly growth increasing, the easier change of bigger cell area. Second, the nitrogen and iron depletion could make the color of alga from green to brown. Finally, according to the resource competition and Monod equation, Microcystis kinetics of phosphorus and iron were also examined. Ks and μmax of phosphorus absorption were 0.0352 μmol/L, 0.493 d^-1 respectively; iron absorption: 0.00323 μmol/L, 0.483d^-1. In a word, some evidences of the Microcystis bloom dominance in certain nutrient conditions were indicated in the experiments. The dominances were determined as the reviving under the adverse circumstances through the special division, the various nitrogen resources,and the lower kinetics of phosphorus and iron than that of most of other algae. The conclusions provided the scientific basis for preventing and managing Microcystis bloom in freshwater.     

SWAT与MIKE21耦合模型及其在澎溪河流域的应用

结合SWAT分布式模型研究污染负荷的优势和MIKE21模型对水动力水质先进的模拟技术,构建SWAT与MIKE21耦合模型。根据澎溪河地形、土壤、植被、气象、水文、水质资料,在空间上建立流域SWAT水文单元与MIKE21水动力模型边界的连接,在量值上建立SWAT模型各水文单元污染物负荷输出量与MIKE21模型污染浓度输入量之间的分配关系,研究澎溪河流域输沙量、氮、磷负荷量和水污染。模拟结果表明：2009年3月至2010年3月澎溪河渠马、高阳、黄石、双江大桥4个断面的总氮、总磷浓度和叶绿素a含量的模拟值与实测值具有较好的一致性,澎溪河回水区水质为中营养~中富营养状态,水体氮、磷等营养盐浓度主要受面源污染的影响。SWAT与MIKE21耦合模型可靠性好,适合于流域水污染研究     

北京大气中CFC-11的浓度观测与变化趋势

近几年大气中CFC的浓度在人类活动的影响下发生了迅速变化,考虑到CFC浓度变化对平流层臭氧和全球变暖的影响,采用两步深冷冻浓缩自动进样系统,配以气相色谱/质谱联机对北京大气中的CFC-11进行了连续观测.结果表明,1999～2003年CFC-11的浓度季节变化均呈单峰形态,峰值出现在7～8月,月平均浓度最高值为1149.5±531.9×10^-12(体积分数);谷值出现在春季的3～5月份,月平均浓度最低值为487.5±131.5×10^-12(体积分数);北京大气中CF-11年平均浓度在观测时间段内呈先上升后下降的趋势,其中1995～1998年增长较快,平均增长率为17.9%,1999年后呈缓慢下降趋势,平均下降率为10.7%,平均浓度是Mauna Loa全球基准观测站观测到大气本底CFC-11浓度的3～5倍.