Using discrete choice experiments to assess the preferences of new mining workforce to commute or relocate to the Surat Basin in Australia

Two choice modelling experiments have been used to examine how residents of a major urban centre would consider commuting or relocation options if they were to consider taking up employment in a rapidly growing resource region. The case study area focused on the Surat Basin in southern Queensland where recent increases in mining activity involve both coal mining and coal seam gas extraction. The preferences of residents of Brisbane, the state capital and closest major centre to the Surat Basin, were assessed in the experiment. The results identified increased salary as the most important factor, but respondents were also concerned about potentially offsetting influences such as high living costs and accommodation affordability/availability. Respondents indicated that the additional salary needed to take up employment in the Surat Basin was substantially higher for relocation options than for FIFO options.     

Assessing development options in mining communities using stated preference techniques

In this paper, two key insights are generated about community development options using stated preference techniques. Surveys were conducted to identify how residents of a mining town in central Queensland, Australia, viewed options for the development of their township. First, residents were asked in a Choice Modelling experiment how worthwhile it would be to achieve some more attractive development options if it came at a cost to them. Second, residents were asked in a Choice Behaviour experiment how the different development options might influence their decision to stay or shift from the town in the future. The same development options were used in both experiments to facilitate comparisons between the two assessment forms.     

Interrupted aortic arch type A with 22q11 deletion: prenatal detection of an unusual association

Interrupted aortic arch is a rare, severe congenital heart defect subdivided into three types, A, B and C, according to the site of interruption. Type C is by far the least common form of interrupted aortic arch (less than 5% of cases), type A is commonly an isolated defect whereas type B is frequently associated with 22q11 deletion. Differentiation of interrupted aortic arch type A from type B by prenatal echocardiography is possible but difficult; it needs to be done on the basis of observation of reliable morphological indicators which point to the correct diagnosis. Here we report the first case of prenatal diagnosis of interrupted aortic arch type A associated with 22q11 deletion. The significance of this association is not yet clear, since 22q11 genes mainly affect embryonic cardiovascular morphogenesis of those regions whose development is critically dependent on neural crest cell migration and function, affected in type B defect but not in type A. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Prenatal diagnosis of de novo distal 11q deletion associated with sonographic findings of unilateral duplex renal system,pyelectasis and orofacial clefts

In utero diagnosis of de novo distal 11q deletion associated with renal and orofacial malformations has not been previously described. We present a 35-year-old pregnant woman with prenatal sonographic findings of a unilateral duplex renal system, pyelectasis and orofacial clefts at 20 weeks' gestation. Both genetic amniocentesis and postnatal cytogenetic analysis revealed de novo 46,XX,del(11)(q23). After birth, the fetus manifested a dysmorphic phenotype correlated with del(11q) syndrome. Genetic marker analysis showed a paternally derived distal deletion of chromosome 11q and a breakpoint centromeric to D11S1341. The present case represents the earliest prenatal diagnosis of a duplex renal system, pyelectasis and an additional feature of orofacial clefts associated with distal 11q deletion. Prenatal sonographic detection of a duplex renal system, pyelectasis and orofacial clefts should warrant a careful assessment of fetal anatomy and prompt cytogenetic analysis looking for chromosomal aberrations. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

驱动数据对流域水文模拟中不同结果要素的影响

流域水循环中各要素之间高度的非线性关系,使得驱动数据对模拟结果的影响研究变得复杂。结合站点实测和遥感的降水、温度和潜在蒸散发驱动数据,构建了叶尔羌河流域的8个MIKE SHE模型;根据方差分析模型（ANOVA）对模型“输入”与“输出”之间显著性影响检验的结果,以积融雪过程为例,剖析了驱动数据影响的具体表现。结果表明：相比站点数据,TRMM降水驱动的模型导致积雪输出的空间分布差异性更加明显;MODIS温度数据驱动的模型导致了中低山区的永久性薄层积雪覆盖更广,而高山区的储雪量更少;遥感蒸散发驱动的模型在积雪模拟方面并无显著差异。ANOVA对水文系统中要素之间的显著性假设检验,可为明晰驱动数据对水文过程的具体影响方式提供重要前提。     

中国城市综合减灾的未来学研究

本文从国内外大城市频发的事故灾害现状入手,扼要地探讨了有中国特色的2020年中国城市发展的综合减灾战略研究的框架思路,希望对国家"十一五"城市安全计划的研究制定有所借鉴和启发.     

An exploratory comparison of disasters, riots and terrorist acts

One question that emerged following the 11 September attacks was how to categorise and classify the event within existing disaster and conflict-event research frameworks. A decade ago, Quarantelli (1993) compared findings on the similarities and differences between consensus- and conflict-type events by illustrating a conceptual distinction between the two. In this paper, this discussion is expanded to include terrorist attacks by offering comparisons from research findings following 11 September. We provide analyses of individual, organisational, and community-level behaviour in crisis situations and suggest how 11 September is both similar to, and differs from, consensus- and conflict-type events as they were previously considered. Applications for emergency management are also suggested.     

湖北省环境保护“十一五”规划中期评估

采用定量评估和定性评估相结合的方式,对湖北省环境保护“十一五”规划中期实施情况进行评估。分析其实施过程中存在的主要问题,提出改进和加强的建议。     

广州市主要污染物总量减排环境绩效评价

＂十一五＂期间,广州市主要污染物COD和SO2排放总量持续下降,经初步核算,2010年COD和SO2排放量分别比2005年下降2.7万吨和6.5万吨,减排比例分别达到19.7%和43%,总量减排工作顺利完成.减排对环境改善明显,珠江广州河段主要污染指标浓度值均有所下降,COD年均浓度从2005的20.7毫克/升下降至2010年的13.6毫克/升,下降幅度〈34.3%,整体水环境质量得到根本好转;空气环境质量优良率逐年上升,大气主要污染指标年均浓度值基本呈现逐年下降的态势,SO2从2005年年平均浓度为0.053毫克/立方米下降至2010年的0.033毫克/立方米,下降幅度达37.7%,空气质量持续得到好转.     

双台子河橡胶坝对支流绕阳河纳潮的影响

基于Mike11 HD和AD模块建立双台子河口区感潮河段水动力-水质耦合模型,利用实测资料对水动力、水质模型参数进行了率定和验证。利用所建模型,以夏灌期为例分析了在两种水文条件下橡胶坝对支流绕阳河纳潮的影响。结果表明,在两种水文情景下,建橡胶坝后纳潮量分别增加18.3%和16.9%,最大流量分别增加了32.7%和31.2%。盐度分析表明修建橡胶坝对绕阳河纳潮盐度变化影响不大,可满足苇田灌溉对盐度的要求。研究结果可为盘锦双台子河口苇田科学灌溉、促进增产提供技术支持。