响应面法优化复合微生物吸附剂对低浓度Cr3+的吸附

根据已有4种微生物吸附剂的吸附基团存在的差异特征,将其复配成复合吸附剂,借助统计学方法研究其对低ρ(Cr3+)废水的吸附性能.在单因素试验基础上,利用P-B(Plackett-Burman)法筛选出吸附过程4个主要影响因素分别为pH,初始ρ(Cr3+)及微生物吸附剂XB和TQ的投加量,应用最陡爬坡试验接近主要因素最优水平,采用Box-Behnken试验设计和响应面分析得到对低浓度Cr3+吸附过程的二阶模型.结果表明,最优吸附条件为pH 4.0,初始ρ(Cr3+)为4.86mg/L,XB和TQ的投加量分别为0.20和0.13 g/L,实际吸附率达到87.54%,与理论预测值(87.68%)接近,且高出单一吸附剂吸附率7.79%～17.35%.FT-IR扫描显示,复合微生物吸附剂性能提高与表面基团增多有关.通过响应面分析法优化复合微生物吸附,吸附性能明显提高.     

保持清醒 切实加强 确保核电机组建设质量——李干杰副部长在岭澳核电厂3号机组商运论坛上的讲话

在这丹桂飘香、秋风送爽的丰收季节,我们迎来了全国电力装机容量突破九亿千瓦的历史时刻,迎来了我国新一轮核电建设首台机组投入商运。这是我国“积极发展核电”政策的第一枚硕果,其中凝聚了无数核电人的辛劳与汗水,标志着我国核电建设进入了一个新的阶段。     

内电解-O3/H2O2-A2/O在处理医药中间体生产废水中的应用

医药废水成分复杂、浓度和盐分高、色度和毒性大,往往含有种类繁多的有机污染物质,这些物质中有不少属于难生化降解的物质,可在相当长的时间内存留于环境中.特别是对人类健康危害极大的"三致"(致癌、致畸、致突变)有机污染物,即使在水体中浓度低于10-9级时仍会严重危害人类的健康,在此结合实际采用内电解-O3/H2O2-A2/O处理工艺对医药中间体生产废水进行处理,收到很好效果.     

空气质量模式发展与应用现状

模式模拟,具有空间和时间分布的连续性特征,有多种化学过程和输送模拟的试验方案可选择等优势,在研究区域大气空气质量研究领域过程中发挥着重要作用。本文系统地介绍了主要空气质量模式在大气环境科学中的重要作用、主要分类及其发展阶段。详细阐述了ISCST3、多维多箱模型、ADMS—URBAN、CAMx及CMAQ等空气质量模式的框架原理、主要特征及其在空气质量管理和规划中的应用,并指出今后模型的发展方向。     

Effects of metal and acidic sites on the reaction by-products of butyl acetate oxidation over palladium-based catalysts

Catalytic oxidation is widely used in pollution control technology to remove volatile organic compounds. In this study, Pd/ZSM-5 catalysts with different Pd contents and acidic sites were prepared via the impregnation method. All the catalysts were characterized by means of N2 adsorption- desorption, X-ray fluorescence （XRF）, HE temperature programmed reduction （H2-TPR）, and NH3 temperature programmed desorption （NH3-TPD）. Their catalytic performance was investigated in the oxidation of butyl acetate experiments. The by-products of the reaction were collected in thermal desorption tubes and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. It was found that the increase of Pd content slightly changed the catalytic activity of butyl acetate oxidation according to the yield of CO2 achieved at 90%, but decreased the cracking by-products, whereas the enhancement of strong acidity over Pd-based catalysts enriched the by-product species. The butyl acetate oxidation process involves a series of reaction steps including protolysis, dehydrogenation, dehydration, cracking, and isomerization. Generally, butyl acetate was cracked to acetic acid and 2- methylpropene and the latter was an intermediate of the other by-products, and the oxidation routes of typical by-products were proposed. Trace amounts of 3-methylpentane, hexane, 2-methylpentane, pentane, and 2-methylbutane originated from iso4merization and protolysis reactions.     

Mo-modified Pd/Al2O3 catalysts for benzene catalytic combustion

Mo-modified Pd/Al2O3catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method and tested for the catalytic combustion of benzene. The catalysts were characterized by N2 isothermal adsorption, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, temperatureprogrammed desorption of NH3（NH3-TPD）, H2temperature-programmed reduction（H2-TPR）, and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy（HAADF-STEM）. The results showed that the addition of Mo effectively improved the activity and stability of the Pd/Al2O3catalyst by increasing the dispersion of Pd active components, changing the partial oxidation state of palladium and increasing the oxygen species concentration on the surface of catalyst. In the case of the Pd-Mo/Al2O3catalyst,benzene conversion of 90% was obtained at temperatures as low as 190°C, which was 45°C lower than that for similar performance with the Pd/Al2O3catalyst. Moreover, the 1.0% Pd-5% Mo/Al2O3catalyst was more active than the 2.0% Pd/Al2O3catalyst. It was concluded that Pd and Mo have a synergistic effect in benzene catalytic combustion.     

Photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped CaTiO3 under UV-visible light

The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue（MB） over Fe-doped CaTiO3 under UV-visible light was investigated. The as-prepared samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscope（SEM） equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer（EDS） system, Fourier transform infrared spectra（FT-IR）, and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy（DRS）. The results show that the doping with Fe significantly promoted the light absorption ability of CaTiO3 in the visible light region. The Fe-doped CaTiO3 exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than CaTiO3 for the degradation of MB.However, the photocatalytic activity of the Fe-doped CaTiO3 was greatly influenced by the calcination temperature during the preparation process. The Fe-doped CaTiO3 prepared at500°C exhibited the best photocatalytic activity, with degradation of almost 100% MB（10 ppm）under UV-visible light for 180 min.     

水葫芦与猪粪堆肥化过程CO_2与NH_3释放特征研究

为探讨水葫芦与猪粪在交替式好氧厌氧堆肥作用下CO2与NH3产生与释放特征,将水葫芦、猪粪与木屑以1.7:1.0:0.3(湿重比)的比例混合均匀,进行为期56 d交替式好氧厌氧堆肥化处理。结果表明,交替好氧厌氧条件下水葫芦与猪粪混合堆肥尾气中CO2浓度随堆肥进行先增加后缓慢减少,前14 d CO2释放量占该阶段总有机碳(TOC)减少量的92.75%。NH3的释放浓度随堆肥进行而逐渐降低,堆肥NH3释放浓度与温度变化具有明显相关性。NH3挥发是堆肥氮损失的主要根源,占堆肥过程前14 d总氮(TN)损失的73.79%。     

邬贺铨：4G应用或在三四年后爆发

目前还没有看到杀手锏应用出现,不过因为4G数字功率及建网成本低于3G。大概三四年之后,4G应用差不多会爆发。     

用3D打印机器人

在2014年5月份的Code Conference大会上,英特尔CEO Brian Krzanich和一个名叫Jimmy的小机器人一同登台,向大家展示了英特尔在机器人领域的最新成果。Jimmy能动能跳,除了说话外还会发布推文。不过其最吸引人的一点,是它的大部分零件均为3D打印制成。