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311.
Suvi Monni Paula Perälä Kristiina Regina 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2007,12(4):545-571
According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol under it, industrial countries
have to estimate their greenhouse gas emissions annually, and assess the uncertainties in these estimates. In Finland, agricultural
methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions represent 7% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, and globally the share is much higher. Agriculture is
one of the most uncertain emission categories (representing over 20% of greenhouse gas inventory uncertainty in Finland),
due to both high natural variability of the emission sources and poor knowledge of the emission-generating processes. In this
paper, we present an uncertainty estimate of agricultural CH4 and N2O emissions from Finland in 2002. Uncertainties were estimated based on measurement data, literature and expert judgement,
and total uncertainty in agriculture was calculated using Monte Carlo simulation. According to the calculations, agricultural
CH4 and N2O emissions from Finland were 3.7 to 7.8 Tg carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalents, 5.4 Tg being the mean value.Estimates of CH4 emissions are more reliable than those of N2O. N2O from agricultural soils was the most uncertain emission category, and the uncertainty was not reduced by using available
national measurement data of N2O fluxes. Sensitivity study revealed that the uncertainty in total agricultural inventory could be 7% points lower, if more
accurate emission estimation methods were used, including 1) improved data collection in area estimates of organic soils,
2) climate-specific methods for N2O from agricultural soils as already presented in literature, and 3) more detailed CH4 estimation methods for enteric fermentation which can be achieved by investigating national circumstances and digestible
systems of animals in more detail. 相似文献
312.
原子吸收测锰时硅的干扰及消除 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用原子吸收空气--乙炔炎焰法测定锰时,硅会对其产生严重干扰,若等量加入25mg/L钡或100mg/L镧则足以消除这一干扰作用,尤其是加入后者,可获得较真实的测值。 相似文献
313.
覆草旱作稻田CH4和N2O的排放 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过田间试验比较水稻覆草旱作常规施氮肥、覆草旱作推荐施氮肥和常规水作水稻全生育期内稻田土壤微量气体的排放.结果表明,旱作稻田N2O排放总量比水作稻田高1.5~3.7倍,在旱作覆草处理中常规施肥N2O排放较推荐施肥高2.4倍.水作稻田CH4排放总量比旱作稻田多5~6倍,而两旱作处理间差异不显著.水作稻田CH4的排放与水稻生育期关系密切,以分蘖盛期的2.2mg/(m2h)为最大;旱作稻田CH4的排放与施氮关系不明显.施氮是影响旱作稻田N2O排放的关键因素,每次施氮后,旱作稻田均会出现剧烈的排放高峰.水稻不同栽培方式的增温潜势的高低顺序为:覆草旱作常规施氮肥>常规水作>覆草旱作推荐施氮肥. 相似文献
314.
Thuan Van Tran Duyen Thi Cam Nguyen Hanh T.N. Le Dai-Viet N. Vo Sonil Nand Trinh Duy Nguyen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(7):137-150
Aquatic contamination of diclofenac (DCF), an emergent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), can result in adverse effects to many ecosystems through biomagnification. Hence, introducing effective remediation techniques to sequester the pharmaceutical wastes is highly fundamental to prevent their accumulation in the environment. Generally, adsorption has been presented as a green and efficient approach. Herein, we report the characterization and application of the novel magnetic nanocomposite ([email protected]2O4) derived from cobalt-based ferrite (CoFe2O4) and graphene oxide (GO) for DCF adsorption. For the optimization procedure, the response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to investigate the impacts of DCF concentration (1.6–18.4 mg/L), DCF dosage (0.08–0.92 g/L), and solution pH (2.6–9.4) to find the optimum conditions for DCF removal, at 10.5 mg/L, 0.74 g/L, and pH 4, respectively. For the adsorption experiments, the kinetic, isotherm, thermodynamic, and intraparticle diffusion models were systematically studied. Moreover, we have elucidated the role of functional groups on the surface of [email protected]2O4 in enhancing the adsorption of DCF drug. With good removal efficiency (up to 86.1%), high maximum adsorption capacity (32.4 mg/g), [email protected]2O4 can be a potential candidate to eliminate DCF drug from water. 相似文献
315.
Yaodong Guo Zhaoying Di Xiaonan Guo Ying Wei Runduo Zhang Jingbo Jia 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(3):135-147
Pt catalysts with nitrogen-doped graphene oxide (GO) as support and CeO2 as promoter were prepared by impregnation method,and their catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO) at room temperature was tested.The Pt-CeO2/N-rGO (reduced GO) with a mass fraction of 0.7% Pt and 0.8%CeO2 exhibited an excellent catalytic performance with the 100% conversion of HCHO at room temperature.Physicochemical characterization demonstrated that nitrogendoping greatly increased the... 相似文献
316.
Investigation of protein-styrene oxide adducts as a molecularbiomarker of human exposed to styrene 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
IntroductionBiomarker ,definedascellular,biochemicalormolecularalterationsthataremeasurableinbiologicalmedia ,suchashumantissues ,cells,orfluids ,havebeenusedbygenerationsofepidemiologistsintheirresearch .Molecularbiologyandlaboratorytechnologyhaveshownane… 相似文献
317.
Chen Zongliang Zhang Yang Wang Yubao Zhuang Yahui KazuhikoSakamoto Katsunori Kimijim Tadao Suzuki Masahiro Uchiyam Yoshikazu Hashimoto Hisao oht Yasuaki mae NobutoshiHoriuchi Shin Suzuki 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1990,2(1):41-48
The conversion rates of SO2 to SO2-4 and NO2 to HNO3+NO3- are estimated from the field-data obtained in Beijing in summer, 1988. The results show that the conversion rate of NO2 is about four times as much as that of SO2; The conversion rates have a diurnal variation in a day. On the average, the rate of SO2 is estimated to be 4.7% h-1 during the daytime and 3.4% h-1 during the nighttime. Similarly, the rate of NO2 is estimated to be 17.2% h-1 and 12% h-1 respectively. 相似文献
318.
成土母质对土壤团聚体形成的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
成土母质对土壤团聚体数量及其稳定性的影响与不同母质所含无机胶体(粘粒、游离氧化物)的差别有关.对浙江省八类母质发育的土壤的团聚体组成的研究表明:母质对土壤团聚体及其水稳定性影响顺次为玄武岩>石灰岩、Q2红土>花岗岩、石英砂岩>泥页岩>紫砂岩>红砂岩.其中母质对5-1mm粒级的水稳性团聚体的影响最为显著. 相似文献
319.
Mojtaba Shakibaie Hamid Forootanfar Elham Jafari Azad Salimi Mohsen Doostmohammadi 《毒物与环境化学》2020,102(7-8):386-398
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of zinc nanoparticles against cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity in mice. Zinc nanoparticles were produced by microwave-assisted synthesis using Lavandula vera extract as reducing agent. Single doses of cisplatin (7?mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and ZnSO4 (10?mg/kg, orally), and various doses of zinc nanoparticles (10???50?mg/kg, orally) and vitamin E (100?mg/kg, interaperitoneally) were administered. The protective role of zinc nanoparticles was determined biochemically and histologically. Gradual reduction in malondialdehyde levels and elevation in glutathione levels and in the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase upon administration of zinc nanoparticles were observed. The pathology of mice treated with cisplatin/vitamin E and cisplatin/zinc nanoparticles were apparently equal, but vitamin E treatment was more effective in lowering oxidative stress markers than zinc nanoparticles. These findings suggest that co-administration of zinc nanoparticles with cisplatin could prevent adverse effects on the male reproductive system via their potential antioxidant properties. 相似文献
320.
氧化铈在非贵金属燃烧催化剂中热稳定性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文考察了Ce含量对提高催化剂的热稳定性的作用,并采用X-射线衍射分析Ce含量对催化剂活性组成的影响。结果表明,合适的Ce含量能够提高催化剂的热稳定性,这主要是氧化铈能够阻止NiCo2O4相的生成,而NiCo2O4的生成对本系列催化剂的燃烧活性是不利的。实验还表明,在空气气氛下有利于形成NiCo2O4相,在N2/H2O气氛中不利于NiCo2O4相的生成。 相似文献