Issues in reverse supply chains,part I: end‐of‐life product recovery and inventory management – an overview

Recovery of used products has become a field of rapidly growing importance in reverse supply chain management. Product recovery includes collection, inspection/separation, disassembly, reconditioning/reuse, remanufacturing, and recycling. In real time situations, the collection of end‐of‐life (EoL) products from the customer and their return to the manufacturer is tedious and time consuming. Reduced product life cycles have increased the rate of product returns and disposals. Owing to shortened product economic life cycles, the recovery of value from EoL products is becoming a necessity. Companies have realised the value that they could recover by remanufacturing or recycling EoL products. Researchers have developed various models for product recovery network design, optimal inventory, production planning and control, remanufacturing, recycling, disposal, etc. The main purpose of this paper is to review the literature on EoL product recovery and inventory management issues in reverse supply chains and to outline some future directions for research on these issues.     

煤矿开发中的环境效应问题及对策分析

本文依据煤矿环境效应的系统研究，给出了环境效应，环境效应灾害链的概念及链状关系；分析了煤矿开发中的一系列环境灾害及特点，提出了防治对策。     

Prenatal diagnosis of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection: A preliminary report

Eight patients were referred for prenatal diagnosis for suspected fetal cytomegalovirus infection (CMV): six for documented first-trimester infection and two for abnormal ultrasound evaluation suggestive of fetal infection. Three methods of diagnosis were employed: (1) amniotic fluid viral cultures and CMV-specific IgM in fetal serum; (2) amniotic fluid cultures and detection by polymerase chain reaction amplification of CMV-specific DNA in chorionic villi; and (3) detection of CMV-specific DNA in villus samples only. Amniotic fluid cultures detected all cases of infection, but CMV-specific IgM was not a reliable indicator of infection in any case. DNA analysis correlated well with both culture results and clinical outcome.     

浅析供应链、价值链理论的发展与价值型企业的特征

本文在阐述供应链、价值链理论发展的基础上，进一步分析了供应链与价值链的联系与区别，指出基于建立企业长期竞争优势的“价值型企业”与传统的“经济型企业”的区别。并提出价值型企业四个方面的主要特征，即，追求“创造价值“和“利润”双重目标；善于构造“企业生态”；追求与自然生态的互利共生；努力使企业成为“学习型组织”等。     

绿色供应链管理在汽车制造企业的实践与思考

以上汽通用汽车开展绿色供应链管理的实践为背景,研究了上汽通用绿色供应链管理模式的特点以及绿色绩效改进的方法学。在总结绿色供应链管理成果的基础上,分析了我国制造型企业开展绿色供应链管理的优势、劣势、机遇与威胁,给出了我国经济新常态背景下企业开展绿色供应链管理的改革方向与理论依据,为我国政府推动企业开展绿色供应链提供了决策支持。     

民航机场绿色供应链构建策略与实施路径研究

民航机场是航空运输服务的重要载体,也是民航领域推进生态文明建设的主战场.文章以深圳机场为例,探讨以服务供应链为依托构建机场绿色供应链的策略,并提出了四大板块任务,即完善绿色采购,推行绿色建设,实施绿色地勤,加强绿色经营,从而将生态文明贯穿到机场生产、经营、管理的各个环节,提升机场经济、社会和环境效益,进一步强化机场生态文明建设的窗口效应.     

基于SCPN的交通应急处置流程建模及性能分析

为了更好地利用信息技术支持应急管理,提高交通应急指挥系统救援效率,以路面塌陷事故为例,利用随机着色Petri网(SCPN)对其应急响应流程进行动态离散建模,根据同构的马尔可夫链(MC)分析模型的有效性,最后利用马尔可夫链及模糊数学的相关理论对交通应急指挥系统进行性能分析。结果表明:救援信息、交通路网动态信息、应急资源信息及时态控制信息反馈环节容易产生信息堆积,应提高综合监控的技术水平;专家决策制定出警预案、善后处理耗时较长,应作为流程优化的重点。     

Availability estimation of a multi-state wind farm in fuzzy environment

Wind is one of the fastest growing renewable energy resources in the electric power system. Availability of wind energy is volatile in nature due to the stochastic behavior of wind speed and non-linear variation of the wind power curve of wind turbine generator. Because of this impression and uncertainty, the availability estimation of wind power has become a challenging issue. In this paper, Markov Fuzzy Reward technique has been proposed for finding out the reliability of wind farm by assessing the availability of wind power. According to this technique, availability of the wind power has been estimated considering wind farm and demand both as a multi-state system. In addition to the availability, different reliability indices such as the number of absolute failures, mean time to deficiency, and probability of failures of a wind farm have been assessed in a time horizon, which can provide useful information for the power system planner at wind farm installing stage. A comparison of this study reveals the efficacy of the proposed Markov Fuzzy Reward approach over the conventional Markov Reward approach.     

生态工业园建设研究——基于与传统工业园差异上的论述

从建设的角度,生态工业园较传统工业园存在巨大差异性,它涉及：①企业生产链的构建和完善;②生态工业园与所在社区的共建;③公共服务平台的构建等传统工业园建设中未涉及或较少涉及的新领域。其目的是实现资源的最大利用与环境的最小污染。构建生态工业园需要宏观上的政府政策支持以及微观上的以政府占主导地位的各个生态工业园规划领导小组的具体实施。