Effect of chemical and thermal activations on the properties of rice husk ash-based solidified wastes

Strength development,leachability and microstructure of heavy metals from the solidified waste using synthesis rice husk ash (sRHA) and lime blended at the weight ratio of 1:1 were used as binders.The heavy metal-containing sludge was used at the level of 0 wt.%,30 wt.%,and 50 wt.% dry weight,respectively.The sample specimens with and without 1.5 wt.% of sodium silicate (SiO 2 /Na 2 O=1.0) were cured under the ambient condition and elevated temperature curing at 50°C for 24 hr.Experimental results showed that the introduction of sodium silicate solution and elevated temperature curing to sRHA-based solidified waste containing 30 wt.% of heavy metal sludge gave one day strength of 20 kg/cm 2 compared to 0.9 kg/cm2 for the control sample.XRD patterns indicated that most metal-sulfides present in the sludge were appeared in the solidified waste and SEM coupled with EDX techniques reveal these metal-sulfide particles were trapped within the lime-sRHA matrices.In addition,cumulative leaching behavior by tank test (EA NEN 7375:2004) showed that solidified waste containing up to 30 wt.% of heavy metal sludge was suitable to dispose in a secured landfill.     

Influence of osmotic distillation on membrane absorption for the treatment of high strength ammonia wastewater

Osmotic distillation (OD) was found to be a coupled process in membrane absorption (MA) for the treatment of high strength ammonia wastewater. As a result, ammonia could not be concentrated in absorption solution(AS) as expected. The inhibition of the coupled OD in MA process was investigated as well as various factors affecting the inhibition. The results indicated that the coupled OD can be effectively inhibited by heating concentrated solution and cooling dilute solution. It was also found that experimental minimum inhibition temperature difference(MITD) between concentrated and dilute solutions was different when using polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) and polypropylene(PP) membranes respectively, which could be ascribed to material properties, such as OD and membrane distillation (MD) coefficients of the membranes. Experimental MITDs were found to be higher than theoretical MITDs which were calculated using a simplified method.     

Effect of ionic strength on adsorption of As（Ⅲ） and As（Ⅴ） on variable charge soils

The study was to investigate the adsorption behavior of arsenite (As(Ⅲ)) and arsenate (As(Ⅴ)) on two variable charge soils, i.e., Haplic Acrisol and Rhodic Ferralsol at different ionic strengths and pH with batch methods. Results indicated that the amount of As(Ⅲ) adsorbed by these two soils increased with increasing solution pH, whereas it decreased with increasing ionic strength under the acidic condition. This suggested that As(Ⅲ) was mainly adsorbed on soil positive charge sites through electrostatic attraction under the acidic condition. Moreover, intersects of As(Ⅴ) adsorption-pH curves at different ionic strengths (a characteristic pH) are obtained for both soils. It was noted that above this pH, the adsorption of As(Ⅴ) was increased with increasing ionic strength, whereas below it the reverse trend was true. Precisely the intersect pH was 3.6 for Haplic Acrisol and 4.5 for Rhodic Ferralsol, which was near the values of PZSE (soil point of zero salt effect) of these soils. The effects of ionic strength and pH on arsenate adsorption by these soils were interpreted by the adsorption model. The results of zeta potential suggested that the potential in adsorption plane becomes less negative with increasing ionic strength above soil PZSE and decreases with increasing ionic strength below soil PZSE. These results further supported the hypothesis of the adsorption model that the potential in the adsorption plane changes with ionic strength with an opposite trend to surface charge of the soils. Therefore, the change of the potential in the adsorption plane was mainly responsible for the change of arsenate adsorption induced by ionic strength on variable charge soils.     

林聪悟-直线法在基于美国混凝土规范设计中的程序实现

首先,阐述了美国ACI318-08规范中钢筋混凝土受弯、受压构件的设计原理和基本假定。与我国混凝土结构设计规范不同,ACI318-08规范是根据构件的受力破坏形态来确定名义抗压和抗弯承载力的折减系数的,相对于延性破坏,脆性破坏构件的承载力折减较多。然后,由平衡条件、平截面假定及Newton迭代格式,推导出林聪悟-直线法的计算公式。编制程序实现该算法时,须根据最大、最小配筋率的规定对迭代区域进行限定;在确定P-M相关曲线上的拐点位置的基础上,实现中性轴高度在曲线上的分段迭代。通过在曲线拐点处设置微小增量及自动调整中性轴高度等方法,解决了程序计算时可能出现的迭代发散问题。算例表明,所编制程序的计算结果具有很高的精度。     

两种复合早强剂对煤矿封孔水泥早强效果影响的研究

基于矿井复杂环境对封孔水泥提出的要求,引入２-丙烯酰胺基-２-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）并复合聚羧酸减水剂,三乙醇胺（TEA）作为有机组分,氯化钠（氯化钙）为无机组分,模拟井下高湿环境,通过正交试验,考察了两种有机无机复合早强剂的制备。并通过SEM,TG和XRD等手段着重研究了两种复合早强剂水化3d对封孔水泥抗压强度的影响。结果表明,当氯化钠复合早强剂组分为氯化钠3%,三乙醇胺0.05%,聚羧酸0.3%,AMPS1%时;氯化钙复合早强剂组分为氯化钙1.5%,三乙醇胺0.04%,聚羧酸0.2%,AMPS1%时早强效果最好,抗压强度比基准组分别提高了328%和217%。     

火灾后套筒灌浆料力学性能试验研究

为研究火灾对套筒灌浆料力学性能的影响,设计不同受火时间(60,90 min),不同静置时间(1,14 d)以及不同冷却方式(自然冷却、喷水冷却)试验,分析不同工况下的套筒灌浆料的抗折强度和抗压强度.结果表明:随着受火时间的增加,套筒灌浆料的抗折、抗压强度均逐渐降低,自然冷却后抗折强度残余率分别为11.3％、9.1％,抗...     

1种抑制巷道信号NLOS的矿井RSSI高精度定位算法

在RSSI(Received Signal Strength Indication)测距定位技术中,为抑制巷道信号NLOS(Non Line of Sight)传输对定位结果的影响,提出信号指纹定位和几何优化算法.在离线阶段利用高斯滤波最大值加权法和最小二乘法建立符合矿井巷道环境的无线信号测距模型,设计改进卡尔曼滤波器...     

抗压实验法厌氧颗粒污泥机械强度的测定及影响因素分析

通过首先对厌氧颗粒污泥样品进行筛分,然后测定其机械强度,解决了实际操作过程中现有抗压实验法出现的精确度与重现性较差的问题。通过对不同来源厌氧颗粒污泥样品机械强度的测定、对比分析发现,厌氧颗粒污泥的机械强度大小与反应器的规模、反应器所采用水力负荷存在一定的正相关性,且与其主要金属元素（Ca、Fe和Mg）含量的大小存在着密切的关系。     

高浓度有机废水厌氧膜生物工艺处理的中试研究

高浓度有机废水ADUF工艺处理的中试研究结果表明 ,(1)厌氧池污泥SRT为 5 0d时 ,不仅COD去除率高 ,膜水通量也更稳定 ;(2 ) pH值宜采用在线控制为 7 0 ,温度则应在材质允许范围内尽可能高些 (本实验中为 39℃ ) ;(3)污泥负荷在1 0— 3 5kg/ (kg·d)之间时 ,污泥负荷对ADUF工艺的运行效果没有影响     

RBF神经网络可靠度分析方法在边坡稳定性研究中的应用

针对边坡稳定性可靠度分析,当状态函数无法显式表达且传统计算方法求解复杂问题困难时,提出一种基于ABAQUS和粒子群优化径向基函数神经网络的可靠度分析方法。基于ABAQUS的强度折减方法计算所选随机变量对应的安全系数,利用径向基函数神经网络的数据拟合功能,建立模型并映射出安全系数和随机变量之间的关系,构造响应面功能函数;利用蒙特卡罗生成的大量随机样本代入功能函数得到相应的安全系数,进而计算边坡的失稳概率和可靠度指标来反映边坡稳定性。研究结果表明:相对于传统方法,本文方法计算效率更高、误差更小,适合实际工程应用。