全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 1711篇 |
| 免费 | 49篇 |
| 国内免费 | 119篇 |
专业分类
| 安全科学 | 66篇 |
| 废物处理 | 196篇 |
| 环保管理 | 278篇 |
| 综合类 | 944篇 |
| 基础理论 | 76篇 |
| 污染及防治 | 151篇 |
| 评价与监测 | 138篇 |
| 社会与环境 | 22篇 |
| 灾害及防治 | 8篇 |
出版年
| 2025年 | 1篇 |
| 2024年 | 10篇 |
| 2023年 | 19篇 |
| 2022年 | 46篇 |
| 2021年 | 29篇 |
| 2020年 | 49篇 |
| 2019年 | 24篇 |
| 2018年 | 14篇 |
| 2017年 | 44篇 |
| 2016年 | 35篇 |
| 2015年 | 45篇 |
| 2014年 | 135篇 |
| 2013年 | 101篇 |
| 2012年 | 58篇 |
| 2011年 | 106篇 |
| 2010年 | 40篇 |
| 2009年 | 93篇 |
| 2008年 | 74篇 |
| 2007年 | 100篇 |
| 2006年 | 79篇 |
| 2005年 | 71篇 |
| 2004年 | 64篇 |
| 2003年 | 83篇 |
| 2002年 | 85篇 |
| 2001年 | 69篇 |
| 2000年 | 81篇 |
| 1999年 | 62篇 |
| 1998年 | 56篇 |
| 1997年 | 53篇 |
| 1996年 | 34篇 |
| 1995年 | 26篇 |
| 1994年 | 44篇 |
| 1993年 | 19篇 |
| 1992年 | 12篇 |
| 1991年 | 3篇 |
| 1990年 | 3篇 |
| 1989年 | 2篇 |
| 1987年 | 2篇 |
| 1986年 | 2篇 |
| 1984年 | 1篇 |
| 1982年 | 1篇 |
| 1979年 | 1篇 |
| 1977年 | 1篇 |
| 1975年 | 1篇 |
| 1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式： 共有1879条查询结果，搜索用时 0 毫秒
651.
652.
The organic matter and two types of disinfection byproduct(DBP) precursors in micropolluted source water were removed using an iron–carbon micro-electrolysis(ICME)combined with up-flow biological aerated filter(UBAF) process. Two pilot-scale experiments(ICME-UBAF and UBAF alone) were used to investigate the effect of the ICME system on the removal of organic matter and DBP precursors. The results showed that ICME pretreatment removed 15.6% of dissolved organic matter(DOM)and significantly improved the removal rate in the subsequent UBAF process. The ICME system removed 31% of trichloromethane(TCM) precursors and 20% of dichloroacetonitrile(DCAN) precursors. The results of measurements of the molecular weight distribution and hydrophilic fractions of DOM and DBP precursors showed that ICME pretreatment played a key role in breaking large-molecular-weight organic matter into low-molecular-weight components, and the hydrophobic fraction into hydrophilic compounds, which was favorable for subsequent biodegradation by UBAF.Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy(3D-EEM) further indicated that the ICME system improved the removal of TCM and DCAN precursors. The biomass analysis indicated the presence of a larger and more diverse microbial community in the ICME-UBAF system than for the UBAF alone. The high-throughput sequencing results revealed that domination of the genera Sphingomonas, Brevundimonas and Sphingorhabdus contributed to the better removal of organic matter and two types of DBP precursors. Also, Nitrosomonas and Pseudomonas were beneficial for ammonia removal. 相似文献
653.
清洁生产审计废物评估县企业进行清洁生产审计工作的技术关键，本文提出的评估技术方法的主要内容是，对审计重点进行总物料平衡和水总量平衡的实测。进行废物起因分析和废物排放量分析。利用该技术方法，对化纤印花生产示范实例进行了清洁生产审计评估和分析。 相似文献
654.
As widely recognised by EU legislation, Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) is a viable approach to support sound waste management choices. In this context, the Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES) of the European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) has lead the development of macro-level, life cycle based waste management indicators to quantify and monitor the potential environmental impacts, benefits, and improvements associated with the management of a number of selected waste streams generated and treated in Europe.The waste management indicators developed make use of a combination of macro statistical waste management data combined with emissions/resource life cycle data for the different elements of the waste treatment chain. Indicators were initially calculated for the entire European Union (EU-27) and for Germany, covering several waste streams and a broad range of environmental impact categories.An indicator developed for a given waste stream captures the potential environmental impact associated with the generation and management of that waste stream. The entire waste management chain is considered, i.e. from generation to final treatment/disposal. Therefore, system boundaries for the selected waste streams include also the treatment or recycling of secondary waste (e.g. bottom ash from the incineration of household waste), and secondary products (e.g. recovered paper), as well as energy recovery.The experiences from the development of these life cycle based waste management indicators suggest that more detailed and quality-assured waste statistics are needed, especially covering the many different treatment operations and options. Also, it would be beneficial if waste statistics had a higher disaggregation level of waste categories, as well as more detailed information about waste composition. A further development of the indicators should include an increased number of waste streams, as well as calculation of the results for all Member States. 相似文献
655.
While lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology has improved substantially to achieve better performance in a wide variety of applications, this technological progress has led to a diverse mix of batteries in use that ultimately require waste management. Development of a robust end-of-life battery infrastructure requires a better understanding of how to maximize the economic opportunity of battery recycling while mitigating the uncertainties associated with a highly variable waste stream. This paper develops and applies an optimization model to analyze the profitability of recycling facilities given current estimates of LIB technologies, commodity market prices of materials expected to be recovered, and material composition for three common battery types (differentiated on the basis of cathode chemistry). Sensitivity analysis shows that the profitability is highly dependent on the expected mix of cathode chemistries in the waste stream and the resultant variability in material mass and value. The potential values of waste streams comprised of different cathode chemistry types show a variability ranging from $860 per ton1 for LiMn2O4 cathode batteries to $8900 per ton for LiCoO2 cathode batteries. In addition, these initial results and a policy case study can also help to promote end-of-life management and relative policymaking for spent LIBs. 相似文献
656.
657.
化学氧化—厌氧生物组合工艺处理纸浆废水的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了Fdenton试剂氧化＋厌氧生物组合工艺处理纸浆废水的可行性，确定了Fenton试剂氧化处理的影响因素并对氧化出水进行了有关厌氧生物处理，结果证明采用化学氧化与生物处理相结合的处理方案是可行的。 相似文献
658.
焦作矿区煤矸石山周围土壤和玉米作物重金属污染研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以焦作演马矿区为例,研究煤矸石长期堆放对周围土壤和玉米作物造成的重金属污染。根据当地地形地貌在矸石堆周围呈放射状布设3条采样线,用HCl-HNO3-HF—HClO4全分解法和HNO3-HClO4湿法消解土壤和玉米样品,检测土壤和玉米（叶、茎和籽）中主要有害重金属元素（Pb、Cu、Cr、Zn）。研究表明：土壤和玉米中Pb和Zn含量超标,且距离矸石堆由近及远土壤和玉米作物中重金属含量呈下降趋势,重金属在玉米作物不同部位的富集能力表现为叶中最高,茎次之,籽最低。 相似文献
659.
Solomon Ioannou Xanthi D. Andrianou Pantelis Charisiadis Konstantinos C. Makris 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2017,29(8):217-223
Increased disinfectant use commonly takes place in hospitals and other health care settings. A cross-sectional study among active nurses in two Cypriot public hospitals (n = 179) was conducted to examine the prevalence of exposure to disinfection byproducts (DBPs), such as trihalomethanes (THMs) using both self-reported information and biomarker measurements. The objectives of this study were to: i) quantify the magnitude and variability of occupational exposure to disinfectants/DBPs in nurses, ii) generate job exposure matrices (JEM) and job task exposure matrices (JTEM) for disinfectants, and iii) assess the major determinants of urinary THMs in nurses. End of shift urinary total THM values showed high variability among the nurses, but did not differ between hospitals. The disinfectant group of alcohols/phenols was used by > 98% of nurses, followed by octenidine (82%), iodine and chlorine (39%, each), chlorhexidine (25%), formaldehyde (12%), hydrogen peroxide (11%), and peracetic acid/ammonia/quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), all being < 8% each. Chlorine use during the past 24 hr was associated with significantly (p < 0.05) lower brominated THMs (BrTHMs) after adjusting for age, gender and BMI, while a positive association was shown for TCM and the sum of all THMs (TTHMs), albeit not significant. Nurses were exposed to nearly double the levels of TTHMs and BrTHMs (median and IQR, 1027 [560, 2475] ng/g and 323 [212, 497] ng/g, respectively) when compared to those of the general population (552 [309,989] ng/g and 152 [87,261] ng/g, respectively). This was the first occupational health dataset reporting measurements of biomarkers of end of shift exposures to disinfectants/DBPs. 相似文献
660.
Cathodic reduction of CO2 and anodic oxidation of organic matters are crucial to methane-producing microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) applied in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge. However, cathodic CO2 reduction is usually restrained by slow metabolism rates of H2-utilizing methanogens and low electron-capturing capacity of CO2, which consequently slows down the anodic oxidation that participates to sludge disintegration. Herein, a strategy with adding nitrate as electron acceptor to foster electronic transfer between the anode and cathode was proposed to improve anodic oxidation. Results showed that the average efficiency of anodic oxidation in the nitrate-added MEC increased by 55.9%. Accordingly, volatile suspended solid removal efficiency in the nitrate-added MEC was 21.9% higher than that of control MEC. Although the initial cumulative methane production in the nitrate-added MEC was lower than that of control MEC, the cumulative methane production in 24?days was 8.9% higher. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that anodic oxidation of MEC with nitrate accelerated the disintegration of sludge flocs and cell walls. Calculation on current signal further revealed that anodic oxidation driven by cathodic nitrate reduction was the main mechanism responsible for the improved sludge digestion. 相似文献