沈抚灌渠(抚顺段)水环境状况及污染减排对策研究

基于沈抚灌渠(抚顺段)高污染、高排放的特点,设计了一套生态环保型污染减排对策,在沈抚灌渠东部起点处建设东洲再生水厂及传输污水管线工程;在中西部建海城污水处理厂及污水截流工程;在西部的抚顺开发区段采用生态修复技术对出市前的污水进行综合整治和处理,采取治污、清淤、引水和两岸景观建设四项措施,使沈抚灌渠水质达到地表水Ⅳ标准.     

填料对新型曝气生物滤池污水处理效能试验研究

采用新型酶促厌氧填料、半软性填料、酶促好氧填料和PYC挂膜陶粒填料对两段错向流曝气生物滤池反应器进行污水处理试验研究,分析了4种填料对反应器污水处理效能的贡献并为反应器填料的选择提供科学依据.结果表明,以半软性填料和酶促好氧填料为组合填料的两段错向流曝气生物滤池反应器污水处理效能均优于其它填料.     

测定固体废物中总铬的前处理方法的探索

本文完善了电热板消解方法,增加了微波消解法.并将两者进行比对试验,实验结果表明对浸出液中总铬进行前处理消解时,电热板与微波消解法都适用,两种方法之间不存在明显的系统误差,准确度、精密度都符合质控要求.     

复合过滤法处理生物质焦油废水技术的研究

采用"复合过滤法"处理生物质焦油废水,通过分析生物质焦油废水水质特点,筛选出滤料的种类、确定滤料的配置比,并经实验对比分析。结果表明,经复合过滤法处理后的焦油废水COD、焦油、SS的去除率分别达到54%、60%、68%。该技术工艺简单,运行成本低,管理方便,可广泛用于农村生物质气化站的焦油废水处理。     

几种农村分散式污水处理工艺效益评价研究

运用生命周期思想剖析了苏南地区多种分散型农村生活污水处理工艺的结构因子及效益组成要素,构建了包括环境效益、技术性能、经济性能3个准则在内的以13项指标组成的效益评价体系。将其应用于国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大科技专项具体工程评价。结果表明,6种工艺中蚯蚓生物滤池综合效益得分最高,其次依次是氧化沟、生物接触氧化、SBR、AO2、MBR。根据评价结果提出了组合工艺法和限制因素法2种改进方案,分析结果显示,蚯蚓生物滤池同样具有较大的改良空间。     

微波处理沥青烟气的探讨研究

采用响应曲面分析法,对微波处理沥青尾气时,管式炉加热温度、沥青烟预热温度及流量对处理沥青烟的影响进行了分析。结果表明:微波高温加热处理沥青烟气的方法,大大提高了焚烧法处理沥青尾气的效率,并且具有成本降低、设备简单、易于操作、易于控制、系统阻力较小、污染小等特点,这一工艺的提出,也为沥青烟气的处理方法开拓了新的道路。     

The impact of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme in Sangzhi County,Hunan Province

In August 2011,the Sangzhi County government,Hunan Province,adopted a series of new health care policies as a national pilot of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme(referred to as 2011 NCMS).These policies were designed to further resolve illness-led poverty and the poor state of health care in the local area.The program had a positive impact and spread to other regions in Hunan Province.This paper will discuss the progress made as a result of the policies and several issues that challenge the scheme in practice.A total sample of 1212 individuals and 303 households were included in the analysis,and98 interviews were conducted with people related to the scheme.Our major findings indicate that the 201!NCMS has significantly reduced the out-of-pocket medical payment of rural residents,and also increased the township hospitals’patient flow.However,the medical scheme still faces many challenging issues during the implementation.With the increasing interest among the Chinese policy makers in strengthening and promoting the Sangzhi Model,the impacts of the scheme deserve greater attention in practice so as to further improve NCMS in rural China.     

Fabrication of supported acid catalytic composite fibers by a simple and low-cost method and their application on the synthesis of liquid biofuel 5-ethoxymethylfurfural

In this paper, sulfonic groups functionalized annealed bio-based carbon microspheres loaded polytetrafluoroethylene (A-BCMSs-SO3H@PTFE) fibers with high activity, high stability, and easy regeneration were successfully fabricated by a simple method using low-cost raw materials. The characterization results showed that the annealed biomass carbon microspheres derived from waste Camellia oleifera shells were evenly distributed on the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers and the sulfonic groups can be successfully loaded on the surface of annealed biomass carbon microspheres by room temperature sulfonation. Subsequently, the as-prepared A-BCMSs-SO3H@PTFE fibers were applied to the acid-catalyzed synthesis of liquid biofuel 5-ethoxymethylfurfural. The catalytic experiment results indicated that the annealing temperature and time during catalyst preparation have a significant effect on the activity and selectivity of A-BCMSs-SO3H@PTFE fibers. The results of catalytic reaction kinetics showed that the yield of 5-ethoxymethylfurfural can reach more than 60％after 72 h of acid-catalyzed reaction. The stability test showed that the as-prepared A-BCMSs-SO3H@PTFE fibers still maintained a stable acid catalytic activity after four recycles.     

低温等离子体技术在三废处理中的应用与研究

对“三废”的低温等离子体处理技术进行了综合分析，探讨了低温等离子体“三废”处理技术的应用前景，提出了低温等离子体技术在环境保护领域里应用的研究课题．     

居民对垃圾焚烧发电态度的实证研究——以泰安市垃圾焚烧电厂为例

基于对山东省泰安市垃圾焚烧发电厂周边居民的调查数据,运用SPSS20.0统计软件对数据进行二元Logistic回归分析,探讨垃圾焚烧发电厂周边居民对电厂态度的影响因素。实证结果表明,受教育年限、是否被征求意见、是否接受物质补偿3个变量对周边居民的态度有显著的正向影响;而是否知道二噁英、居住地与电厂距离与周边居民态度呈显著负相关关系。结合相关研究,发现本研究中影响电厂周边居民态度的因素既有普遍性,也有其特殊性。