Predictive Model for Motorcycle Accidents at Three-Legged Priority Junctions

In conjunction with a nationwide motorcycle safety program, the provision of exclusive motorcycle lanes has been implemented to overcome link-motorcycle accidents along trunk roads in Malaysia. However, not much work has been done to address accidents at junctions involving motorcycles. This article presents the development of predictive model for motorcycle accidents at three-legged major-minor priority junctions of urban roads in Malaysia. The generalized linear modeling technique was used to develop the model. The final model reveals that motorcycle accidents are proportional to the power of traffic flow. An increase in nonmotorcycle and motorcycle flows entering the junctions is associated with an increase in motorcycle accidents. Nonmotorcycle flow on major roads had the highest effect on the probability of motorcycle accidents. Approach speed, lane width, number of lanes, shoulder width, and land use were found to be significant in explaining motorcycle accidents at the three-legged major-minor priority junctions. These findings should enable traffic engineers to specifically design appropriate junction treatment criteria for nonexclusive motorcycle lane facilities.     

Moving up the waste hierarchy: Car boot sales,reuse exchange and the challenges of consumer culture to waste prevention

Moving up the waste hierarchy is a key priority for UK waste policy. Waste prevention requires policy interventions to promote reuse. The term ‘reuse exchange’ has been adopted by UK policy makers to describe a variety of second-hand trading outlets including car boot sales, charity shops and online exchange sites. As waste policy is based on tonnage diverted from disposal (or landfill), policy interventions to promote reuse exchange will be based on the weight of goods estimated to be flowing through these sites. This paper uses a combination of field survey data and scale-up estimation to quantify and characterise the weight of goods exchanged at car boot sales in England in 2012. This is estimated at 50–60 000 tonnes per annum. The paper emphasises that movement up the waste hierarchy brings waste policy into closer contact with household consumption practices. It draws on qualitative research to show that, for participants, car boot sales are not associated with waste prevention. Instead, car boot sales rely on stocks of surplus household goods and exemplify the culture of thrift, which enables more, not less, consumption. The paper shows the collision between the social values that inform thrift and the environmental values that underpin reuse; and it argues that the policy goal of enhanced recovery for reuse might best be achieved by working with consumer culture. Two ways of achieving this are suggested: interventions that make it easier for consumers to do the right thing, through promoting opportunities for the circulation of stocks of surplus goods, for example, through increasing the frequency of car boot sales; and interventions which recognise that car boot sales also generate waste, which could be recovered for reuse.     

典型因素对含锌废盐酸制备磷酸锌的影响机制研究

以含锌废盐酸为原料制备磷酸锌［Zn3(PO4)2］,探讨含锌废盐酸中Zn、Fe、Cr、Ni等重金属质量分数、TOC质量浓度、磷酸体积分数和反应时间等典型因素对Zn3(PO4)2纯度及化学组成结构的影响,并用XRD及SEM表征Zn3(PO4)2的物相结构。结果表明,含锌废盐酸可制备纯度较高、结构较为稳定的Zn3(PO4)2产品,制备过程中废盐酸中的Fe对Zn3(PO4)2产出纯度的影响较大;Zn3(PO4)2的产出纯度随TOC质量浓度的升高而下降;当磷酸体积分数低于85%时,对Zn3(PO4)2产出纯度总体呈正相关趋势,而高于85%后,产出纯度则有所降低;反应时间为5 h时制备Zn3(PO4)2的效率最高。     

城市污水处理厂在工业污水管理中的地位

本文探讨了污水处理厂与源处理之间的相互影响和制约关系，目的是为有关部门进行水环境管理及做出科学决策提供依据．     

利用煤矸石熔制岩棉的机理与工艺研究

合理利用废弃物资源，防止环境污染是世界各国急待解决的问题．本文介绍了国内第一条煤矸石岩棉生产线的工艺设计及其年产万吨的生产性试验，表明该产品的主要技术性能已达到国家规定的优等品标准；并探讨了煤矸石熔制岩棉的机理，为煤矸石资源的高效益深度开发利用提供了新的途径．     

Use of constructed wetland for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater

This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a continuous free surface flow wetland for removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater, in Gadoon Amazai Industrial Estate (GAIE), Swabi, Pakistan. Industrial wastewater samples were collected from the in-let, out-let and all cells of the constructed wetland (CW) and analyzed for heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) using standard methods. Similarly, samples of aquatic macrophytes and sediments were also analyzed for selected heavy metals. Results indicate that the removal efficiencies of the CW for Pb, Cd, Fe, Ni, Cr, and Cu were 50%, 91.9%, 74.1%, 40.9%, 89%, and 48.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the performance of the CW was efficient enough to remove the heavy metals, particularly Cd, Fe, and Cu, from the industrial wastewater fed to it. However, it is suggested that the metal removal efficiency of the CW can be further enhanced by using proper management of vegetation and area expansion of the present CW.     

废物审计中方案筛选和可行性分析

根据技术的复杂程度和系统性，经济效益，削减废弃物的潜力、环境效益、实施难易程度等５个方面，以权重打分综合的方法进行方案筛选，筛选出５个备选方案作经济、技术和环境评估。在此基础上，推存主要工段联合改造方案，并对此方案作出一步经济分析，表明该方案的实施是可行的。     

Impact of disinfection on drinking water biofilm bacterial community

Disinfectants are commonly applied to control the growth of microorganisms in drinking water distribution systems. However, the effect of disinfection on drinking water microbial community remains poorly understood. The present study investigated the impacts of different disinfectants (chlorine and chloramine) and dosages on biofilm bacterial community in bench-scale pipe section reactors. Illumina MiSeq sequencing illustrated that disinfection strategy could affect both bacterial diversity and community structure of drinking water biofilm. Proteobacteria tended to predominate in chloraminated drinking water biofilms, while Firmicutes in chlorinated and unchlorinated biofilms. The major proteobacterial groups were influenced by both disinfectant type and dosage. In addition, chloramination had a more profound impact on bacterial community than chlorination.     

活性炭吸附硫化氢及微波辐照解吸研究

研究了两种活性炭对硫化氢的平衡吸附性能力,并对活性炭床层的穿透性进行了考察;吸附饱和和活性炭在微波辐射的作用下进行解吸。实验表明,解吸效率与微波作用时间及温度有关,在本实验条件下H2S解吸效率达90．1％。     

深度处理城市污水厂出水的试验研究

以SBR法处理的城市污水出水地下回灌为目的,研究了混凝深度处理工艺。通过三种药剂选择确定了改性PAC为最佳药剂,并分别进行了条件实验和正交实验,确定最佳药量和最佳操作条件。出水中COD可达6~10mg/L以下,余浊可降至1.5~4.0NUT。